A Second Adjoint Theorem for SL(2,R)

We formulate a second adjoint theorem in the context of tempered representations of real reductive groups, and prove it in the case of SL(2,R).Comment: 38 page

Parabolic induction, categories of representations and operator spaces

We study some aspects of the functor of parabolic induction within the context of reduced group C*-algebras and related operator algebras. We explain how Frobenius reciprocity fits naturally within the context of operator modules, and examine the prospects for an operator algebraic formulation of Bernstein's reciprocity theorem (his second adjoint theorem).Comment: 28 page

Parabolic induction and restriction via C*-algebras and Hilbert C*-modules

This paper is about the reduced group C*-algebras of real reductive groups, and about Hilbert C*-modules over these C*-algebras. We shall do three things. First we shall apply theorems from the tempered representation theory of reductive groups to determine the structure of the reduced C*-algebra (the result has been known for some time, but it is difficult to assemble a full treatment from the existing literature). Second, we shall use the structure of the reduced C*-algebra to determine the structure of the Hilbert C*-bimodule that represents the functor of parabolic induction. Third, we shall prove that the parabolic induction bimodule admits a secondary inner product, using which we can define a functor of parabolic restriction in tempered representation theory. We shall prove in the sequel to this paper that parabolic restriction is adjoint, on both the left and the right, to parabolic induction.Comment: Final version, to appear in Compositio Mathematic

Nursing & Midwifery: The key to the rapid and cost effective expansion of high quality universal healthcare

Nurses and midwives play a central role in all health systems. They support people in every aspect of their health and wellbeing – from health promotion to chronic disease management and specialist services. Together they make up half of the professional health workforce globally and account for about 90 percent of the contacts between patients and health professionals. This report argues that countries that invest in and develop their nursing and midwifery workforce can achieve a rapid, cost-effective expansion of high-quality UHC. This will also help to realize the World Health Assembly (WHA) target of 1 billion more people benefiting from UHC within five years. The report makes three main sets of arguments: 1. The initial emphasis in UHC policy has been on financing and access to services. Much more attention now needs to be given to service quality, the promotion of health and the prevention of diseases – areas where nurses and midwives can play an increasing role – as well as investment in the health workforce. 2. Nurses and midwives are well-placed to meet changing health needs – particularly for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) – to deliver increased levels of health promotion and disease prevention, to develop primary care, and to provide support and supervision for community health workers. However, they are very often not enabled, resourced and supported to use their education and experience to their full potential. This is an extraordinary waste of talent and resources. 3. There are already many nurses who have taken on advanced and specialist roles, and globally many midwifery- and nurse-led services provide new and innovative models of care. These can be the foundation for a rapid, cost-effective expansion of high-quality UHC. Moreover, a survey of attitudes in seven countries showed that the public were open to an increase in nurse-led services. More than two-thirds of respondents said that it didn’t matter who treated them for a non-life-threatening illness or condition – a doctor or a nurse – as long as they had the right training and skills. More than 80 percent saw nurses and doctors as equally valuable members of the healthcare team. However, as other surveys show, there are currently many nurses and midwives working in poor conditions without adequate equipment and support, and consequently providing poor services. Investment is needed in nursing and midwifery, as well as effective legislation, regulation, education and employment practices. There also needs to be a fundamental shift in policy at a national and global level to recognize what nurses and midwives can achieve if enabled to do so. This report concludes by setting out a clear plan – with nursing and midwifery at its heart – for how countries can achieve a rapid, cost-effective expansion of high-quality UHC, and help to realize the WHA target

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

Agents of Change: the story of the Nursing Now campaign

First paragraph: The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the extraordinary debt that we all owe to nurses and other health workers. Nurses across the world have played a crucial role in the COVID-19 response and have brought their expert clinical skills and compassion to all settings – in the community advising and providing support and information, in primary care and hospitals caring for the sick and the dying and working in the most stressful intensive care environments. Now it is time to invest in the nursing workforce and develop a global culture in which nurses’ contribution to healthcare is truly valued

Multiple novel prostate cancer susceptibility signals identified by fine-mapping of known risk loci among Europeans

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous common prostate cancer (PrCa) susceptibility loci. We have fine-mapped 64 GWAS regions known at the conclusion of the iCOGS study using large-scale genotyping and imputation in 25 723 PrCa cases and 26 274 controls of European ancestry. We detected evidence for multiple independent signals at 16 regions, 12 of which contained additional newly identified significant associations. A single signal comprising a spectrum of correlated variation was observed at 39 regions; 35 of which are now described by a novel more significantly associated lead SNP, while the originally reported variant remained as the lead SNP only in 4 regions. We also confirmed two association signals in Europeans that had been previously reported only in East-Asian GWAS. Based on statistical evidence and linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure, we have curated and narrowed down the list of the most likely candidate causal variants for each region. Functional annotation using data from ENCODE filtered for PrCa cell lines and eQTL analysis demonstrated significant enrichment for overlap with bio-features within this set. By incorporating the novel risk variants identified here alongside the refined data for existing association signals, we estimate that these loci now explain ∼38.9% of the familial relative risk of PrCa, an 8.9% improvement over the previously reported GWAS tag SNPs. This suggests that a significant fraction of the heritability of PrCa may have been hidden during the discovery phase of GWAS, in particular due to the presence of multiple independent signals within the same regio