Perceptions of Indonesian Politics in the Run-up to the 2009 General Election

Indonesia has had ten years of constitutional democracy since the end of the Suharto era. In 2009 the country heads again to a national election. In the lead-up period the major parties have been pressing not only to reduce the number of parties eligible to stand, but to create conditions in which a future president can only come from a major party, which is not the situation at present. At the same time, there are almost weekly reports in the Indonesian media of corruption allegations and charges against both local and national politicians. This paper considers survey and interview data on the opinions of members of the general public in Central Java about the performance of political parties and the political elite in the run-up to the 2009 election. Selected newspaper coverage of political corruption cases is also considered. Keywords: Indonesia, Politics, General public, Media, 2009 election

A global youth? Hybrid identities, plural worlds

Per què l'interrogant? No és clar que, pel que fa a la cultura juvenil, allò global acabi eclipsant allò local. Ens referim a la globalització, un terme utilitzat en excés com a definició escapatòria. Aquí s'usa el terme per referir-nos a aquells aspectes de la globalitzaió econòmica i cultural que emanen de la cultura "central", que amenacen amb escombrar les formes d'identitat i pràctiques locals a favor d'un conjunt de marcs per homogeneitzar les pràctiques de consum i maneres de pensar la identitat. L'article qüestiona el colonialisme del discurs sobre la globalització cultural. Repassa alguns paisatges, així com alguns relats subalterns de joventut, invisibles en els estudis culturals, predominantment occidentals. És un intent de connectar els joves globals amb les cultures, el consum, la resistència, el transnacionalisme i el digitalisme de l'era global.Por qué el interrogante? No está claro que, en cuanto se refiere a la cultura juvenil, lo global acabe eclipsando a lo local. Nos referimos a la globalización, un término utilizado en exceso como definición de escape. Aquí se usa el término para referirnos a los aspectos de la globalización económica y cultural que emanan de la cultura "central", que amenazan con barrer las formas de identidad y prácticas locales en favor de un conjunto de marcos para homogeneizar las prácticas de consumo y modos de pensar la identidad. El artículo cuestiona el colonialismo del discurso sobre la globalización cultural. Rastrea algunos paisajes, así como algunos relatos subalternos de juventud, invisibles en los estudios culturales, predominantemente occidentales. Es un intento de conectar a los jóvenes globales con las culturas, el consumo, la resistencia, el transnacionalismo y el digitalismo de la era global

Does Attending Community College Save You Money?

Community colleges are inclusive institutions that make higher education available to students. The cost of attending a community college is much less than a four year university. The average annual tuition of a community college in 2017 was $3,660 compared to the average annual tuition of a four year public in state college of$10,230. Students looking to minimize education debt could save tuition cost by going to community college first. However many students do not realize that successfully transitioning from a 2 year college to a 4 year one and graduating in a timely fashion can be a challenge. Only 14% of students who enrolled in community college in the fall of 2007 seeking a bachelor’s degree actually succeeded in earning one within six years. Among those who transferred, only 42% earned a bachelor’s degree in six years compared to the 58% of students who enroll into a four-year institution as freshmen.https://idun.augsburg.edu/zyzzogeton/1015/thumbnail.jp

The Sigiriya Royal Gardens:

Besides the efforts that are of descriptive and celebrative nature, studies related to Sri Lanka’s historical built heritage are largely to view material remains in historical, sociological, socio-historical and semiological perspectives. But there is hardly any serious attempt to view such material remains from a technical-analytical approach to understand the compositional aspects of their designs. The 5th century AC royal complex at Sigiriya is no exception in this regard. The enormous wealth of information and the unearthed material remains during more than hundred years of field-based research by several generations of archaeologists at Sigiriya provide ideal opportunity for such an analysis. The present study is, therefore, to fill the gap in research related to Sri Lanka’s historical built heritage in general and to Sigiriya in particular. Therefore the present research attempts to read Sigiriya as a landscape architectonic design to expose its architectonic composition and design instruments. The study which is approached from a technical-analytical point of view follows a methodological framework that is developed at the Landscape Design Department of the Faculty of Architecture at Delft University of Technology. The study reveals that the architectonic design of Sigiriya constitutes multiple design layers and multiple layers of significance with material-spatial-metaphorical-functional coherence, and that it has both general and unique landscape architectonic elements, aspects, characteristics and qualities. The richness of its composition also enables to identify the landscape architectural value of the Sigiriya, which will help re-shape the policies related to conservation and presentation of Sigiriya as a heritage site as well as the protection and management as a green monument. The positive results of the study also underline that the methodology adapted in this research has devised a framework for the study of other examples of historical gardens and landscapes of Sri Lanka, which will eventually provide insight into the typological aspects of the possible Sri Lankan tradition of landscape design

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA DENGAN MENERAPKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN LANGSUNG PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDN KRAMATTEMENGGUNG II KEC.TARIK SIDOARJO

Abstrak: Berdasarkan hasil observasi pada kegiatan pembelajaran IPA yang diadakan di kelas IV SDN Kramattemenggung II Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran langsung dalam pembelajaran IPA di kelas IV SDN Kramattemenggung II Tarik. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SDN Kramattemenggung II Tarik yang berjumlah 12 siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari 2 siklus. Setiap siklus dilaksanakan melalui 4 tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi pada setiap siklus. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi dan tes. Data observasi aktivitas guru dan siswa pada penerapan model pembelajaran langsung dianalisis dalam bentuk persentase. Data tes hasil belajar siswa dianalisis berdasarkan persentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas siswa selama mengikuti pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan sebesar aktivitas siswa sebesar 28,20%, yaitu dari 63,75% pada siklus 1 menjadi 91,95% pada siklus 2. Aktivitas guru mengalami peningkatan sebesar 18,75% yaitu dari 76,25% pada siklus I menjadi 95% pada siklus II. Ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal mengalami peningkatan sebesar 11,25% , yaitu dari 71,66% pada siklus I menjadi 82,91%pada siklus II. Aspek afektif siswa megalami peningkatan sebesar 11,20% yaitu dari siklus I sebesar 72,32% menjadi 83,55% pada siklus II. Sedangkan aspek psikomotor siswa mengalami peningkatan  sebesar 12,25% yaitu dari siklus I sebesar 74,05% menjadi 86,30% pada siklus II. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, maka disarankan bagi guru SD untuk mencoba menerapkan model pembelajaran langsung dalam pembelajaran IPA untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, 1) Sebaiknya guru memilih strategi pembelajaran yang tepat, seperti model pembelajaran langsung dalam mengajarkan konsep IPA, agar siswa lebih termotivasi untuk mengikuti pembelajaran IPA. 2) Guru terus mengembangkan penerapan model pembelajaran langsung dalam mata pelajaran IPA. Kata kunci : model pembelajaran langsung, IPA, hasil belajar.   Abstract: Based on observations on mathematics learning activities held in class IV SDN Kramattemenggung II. This study aimed to describe the effect of direct application of learning models in learning science in the fourth grade II Tarik Kramattemenggung SDN. The subjects were all students in the fourth grade II Pull SDN Kramattemenggung totaling 12 students. This type of research is action research that consists of 2 cycles. Each cycle is carried out through four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection on each cycle. Data were obtained through observation and tests. Data observation activities of teachers and students on the application of direct instructional model is analyzed in terms of percentage. Student achievement test data were analyzed based on the percentage of mastery learning classical. The results showed that the activities of the students during the learning experience of the student activity increased by 28.20 %, from 63.75 % to 91.95 % cycle 1 to cycle 2 . Activities of teachers has increased by 18.75 % ie from 76 , 25 % in the first cycle to 95 % in the second cycle . Mastery learning in classical students has increased by 11.25 % , from 71.66 % to 82.91 % first cycle to the second cycle . Affective aspects of students megalami an increase of 11.20 % from the first cycle of 72.32 % to 83.55 % in the second cycle . While the psychomotor aspects of students has increased by 12.25 % from the first cycle of 74.05 % to 86.30 % in the second cycle . Based on this study , it is suggested for primary school teachers to try to apply the model of direct instruction in science learning to improve student learning outcomes , 1 ) recommend that teachers select appropriate learning strategies , such as direct instructional model for teaching science concepts , so students are more motivated to keep learning IPA . 2 ) The teacher continues to develop the application of direct instructional model in teaching science. Keywords: direct instructional model, science learning, learning result