Bias-Resilient Framework for Emotion Prediction Using Facial Recognition in Real-World Applications

Emotion prediction through facial recognition has gained significant attention in recent years due to its transformative applications in healthcare, education, security, and human-computer interaction. By analyzing facial expressions to infer emotional states, this technology enables seamless and intuitive interactions. However, its deployment in real-world applications is often hindered by privacy concerns, demographic biases, and a lack of robustness in diverse environments. This project introduces a Privacy-Preserving and Bias-Resilient Framework for Emotion Prediction Using Facial Recognition, aimed at addressing these challenges. The proposed solution incorporates privacy-preserving techniques such as encryption and anonymization to safeguard sensitive facial data while ensuring compliance with global privacy regulations like GDPR. Bias in prediction models is mitigated through the use of diverse datasets and fairness algorithms, ensuring equitable performance across demographic groups. Furthermore, the framework is designed for robustness in real-world conditions, tackling issues such as dynamic lighting, varied facial expressions, and adversarial attacks. The framework is implemented using state-of-the-art deep learning techniques and validated through rigorous testing in controlled and real-world scenario

Soft tissue coverage techniques for management of open fractures of tibia (type IIIB)

Background: Open fractures are surgical emergencies; incidence of open fractures is increasing with more high-energy road traffic accidents. The tibia is exposed to frequent injury because of its location. The need for aggressive debridement, adequate fracture fixation, and early flap coverage in reducing the morbidity cannot be over emphasized.Methods: Treatment of open fracture by immediate debridement and anatomical fracture reduction using external fixator device. Gastrocnemius muscle flap done in upper 1/3 open fractures (type IIIB) with larger defects along with split thickness skin graft (STSG). In middle and lower 1/3 open fractures (type IIIB), fasciocutaneous and soleus muscle flaps done with relatively smaller soft tissue defects and exposed bone with STSG.Results: The study included 15 patients with open tibia fracture Gustillo Anderson type IIIB classified after the initial debridement. Excellent flap takes up was seen in all cases. 11 cases (73.3%) achieved union at the end of 6 months follow-up while 4 cases (26.7%) showed delayed union which required additional procedures like BMI or bone graft.Conclusions: Soft tissue coverage techniques like fascicutaneous flap, gastrocnemius and soleus muscle flap had a definitive role in the management of open fractures of tibia (type IIIB)

Web3 Chain Authentication and Authorization Security Standard (CAA)

Web3 is the next evolution of the internet, which uses blockchains, cryptocurrencies, and NFTs to return ownership and authority to the consumers. The potential of Web3 is highlighted by the creation of decentralized applications (dApps), which are more secure, transparent, and tamper-proof than their centralized counterparts, allowing for new business models that were previously impossible on the traditional internet.Web3 also focuses on user privacy, where users have more control over their personal data and can choose to share only what they want. The emergence of Web3 represents an exciting new frontier in blockchain technology, and its focus on decentralization, user privacy, and trustless systems has the potential to transform the way we interact with the internet.Web3 authentication is required for enhanced security, increased privacy, and simplified user interface. Traditional login procedures and an authorization flow using web3 authentication work together seamlessly. However, there are several challenges associated with Web3, including scalability and regulatory issues. Chain Authentication and Authorization (CAA) is a multi-layer security mechanism that allows users to choose the security layer that suits them, just like a heavy iron chain, where the user and CAA developers act as blacksmith and form their security protocol that suits them. CAA is a solution to the challenges associated with Web3 authentication and authorization, and it focuses on creating a secure and decentralized authentication and authorization system that is scalable, flexible, and user-friendly

Formulation and Optimization of Imeglimin-Loaded Nanoparticles Using Central Composite Design

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing as a worldwide health issue. Imeglimin, a first-in-class oral antidiabetic compound, exerts potential therapeutic activities via several mechanisms, including enhanced mitochondrial function and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Despite this, it is still a challenge to increase its oral bioavailability. The purpose of this work was to prepare and optimize Imeglimin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (IG-PNs) based on chitosan and sodium alginate to enhance entrapment and extended release of the drug for oral delivery. IG-PNs were synthesized through ionotropic gelation and were optimized through a Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The influence of chitosan and sodium alginate concentration, and stirring speed, was tested on particle size (PS) and entrapment efficiency (EE). The characterization involved dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, and in vitro release studies. The optimized formulation had a particle size of 126.75 ± 2.39 nm, PDI of 0.228 ± 0.040, and EE of 85.50 ± 5.87%. The zeta potential was −12.8 ± 2.42 mV, and SEM micrographs revealed spherical, uniform particles. Release studies in vitro revealed 80.79 ± 7.33% cumulative release in PBS (pH 7.4) and 14.62 ± 1.87% in 0.1 N HCl, and release kinetics were best described by Korsmeyer-Peppas and zero-order models, respectively. The optimized IG-PNs indicated improved drug entrapment and controlled release, indicating better oral delivery promise for Imeglimin. These results justify more preclinical and clinical investigation. Categories: Imeglimin, Polymeric Nanoparticles, Chitosan, Sodium Alginate, Controlled Release, CCRD, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitu

Virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility profile of non albicans Candida species isolated from blood stream infections

Background: The spectrum of fungal infections, once only considered to be restricted only to cutaneous and mucocutaneous tissue has been changed. Invasive mycosis have emerged as an increase threat to mankind. Despite of the advent in both therapeutic and diagnostic modalities, invasive mycosis is associated with high mortality. Candida spp., is often the most important cause of blood stream infection. Although C. albicans is considered as the most pathogenic species from the genus, recent studies have documented the emergence of unusual, relatively uncommon and treatment resistant non albicans Candida (NAC) spp. Material and methods:NAC spp. isolated from blood cultures were included in the study. Candidaisolates were identified up to species level by standard mycological protocol. NAC spp. were screened for production of virulence factor like extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, haemolysin and biofilm formation. The antifungal susceptibility profile of these isolates was studied by Ezy MIC Strip.Results:The rates of isolation of bacterial and fungal pathogens from blood cultures were 78.4% and 21.6% respectively. Candida spp. was the only fungal pathogen isolated from blood cultures. The isolation of NAC spp. was highly significantly compared to C. albicans. C. tropicalis followed by C. glabrata and C. krusei were most common isolates from NAC spp. ICU admission and fluconazole prophylaxis/treatment were significantly associated with BSI due to NAC spp.Fluconazole resistance was observed in 40.7% of NAC spp. All isolates of C. krusei were resistant to fluconazole. No isolates were resistant to voriconazole and echinocandins. Conclusion: Hitherto rare and new fungal species and fungi once considered to be non-pathogenic are increasingly implicated in human infections.NAC spp. have emerged as an important cause of infections including candidemia. These NAC spp., produce virulence factors once attributed to C. albicans. As NAC spp. differ widely in susceptibility to routine used antifungal agents, antifungal susceptibility testing plays an important role in evaluating therapy for Candida infections