Sector Investments as part of National Fiscal Policy: Experience from ASIP in Zambia

Agricultural sector investments , Zambia , Fiscal policy, Scenarios , Household income

Simulating the Effects of Debt Relief in Zambia

HIPC initiative, Debt, Poverty, Zambia

Agriculture in the information society: challenges of sustainable development

The overall goal of the study was to identify possible impacts of the information society on ecologically, economically and socially sustainable development in Finnish agriculture

Complex quantum networks as structured environments: engineering and probing

We consider structured environments modeled by bosonic quantum networks and investigate the probing of their spectral density, structure, and topology. We demonstrate how to engineer a desired spectral density by changing the network structure. Our results show that the spectral density can be very accurately detected via a locally immersed quantum probe for virtually any network configuration. Moreover, we show how the entire network structure can be reconstructed by using a single quantum probe. We illustrate our findings presenting examples of spectral densities and topology probing for networks of genuine complexity.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures. v3: update to match published versio

Internationalization of higher education institutions in Northern Europe in the light of Bologna - National and Institutional Case Studies

This study is the basis for a summary report concerning the internationalization of higher education in the Nordic countries (see NIFU STEP report 8/2004)

The Development of the Law of Nations. : Wolff and Vattel

Peer reviewe

Equality in Public Transport Competitions: Game-Theoretic Framework for Bus and Taxi Entrepeneurs in Finland

A large share of the public transportation services is provided using contests for companies to find a low cost provider of these services. A trend towards smaller units of transportation has been observed, as the demand for increased efficiency and cost minimisation has shifted traditional transportation patterns. This paper provides economic analysis of the current situation in competition for licenses for transportation in Helsinki MA, Finland. The setting for current permit granting can easily lead to discriminating practices between bus operators and taxi companies, which have different environments in which their decision whether to offer services or not is made. In this paper, the current setting is modelled using tools provided by the game theory. Defined qualities and characteristics of different types of companies are converted to monetary values. The setting is analysed to find Nash-equilibrium for the competition situation. The setting mainly consists of legislative, economic and market position factors, which are assessed in terms of each market operator. The principal setting will cover bus and taxi operators, clearly the two dominant groups in the market

Quantum complex networks

This Thesis focuses on networks of interacting quantum harmonic oscillators and in particular, on them as environments for an open quantum system, their probing via the open system, their transport properties, and their experimental implementation. Exact Gaussian dynamics of such networks is considered throughout the Thesis. Networks of interacting quantum systems have been used to model structured environments before, but most studies have considered either small or non-complex networks. Here this problem is addressed by investigating what kind of environments complex networks of quantum systems are, with specific attention paid on the presence or absence of memory effects (non-Markovianity) of the reduced open system dynamics. The probing of complex networks is considered in two different scenarios: when the probe can be coupled to any system in the network, and when it can be coupled to just one. It is shown that for identical oscillators and uniform interaction strengths between them, much can be said about the network also in the latter case. The problem of discriminating between two networks is also discussed. While state transfer between two sites in a (typically non-complex) network is a well-known problem, this Thesis considers a more general setting where multiple parties send and receive quantum information simultaneously through a quantum network. It is discussed what properties would make a network suited for efficient routing, and what is needed for a systematic search and ranking of such networks. Finding such networks complex enough to be resilient to random node or link failures would be ideal. The merit and applicability of the work described so far depends crucially on the ability to implement networks of both reasonable size and complex structure, which is something the previous proposals lack. The ability to implement several different networks with a fixed experimental setup is also highly desirable. In this Thesis the problem is solved with a proposal of a fully reconfigurable experimental realization, based on mapping the network dynamics to a multimode optical platform