Poder y adaptación al Sur de Charcas en el siglo XVIII: curas doctrineros y curacas en San Antonio de Humahuaca

En el artículo se estudian las relaciones de poder en los curatos rurales indígenas al sur de Charcas en el siglo XVIII. Se parte de la conjetura de que la confi guración del poder hispano en torno al clero dio lugar a la elaboración de un «acuerdo de dominación colonial» entre curas doctrineros y autoridades indígenas.In this article are studied the power relationships of indigenous rural curacies in the South of Charcas in the 18th century. Starting from the conjecture, and the idea that the confi guration of Hispanic power around the clergy gave rise to the development of a «colonial domination agreement» between parish priests and indigenous authorities.Fil: Cruz, Enrique Normando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencis Sociales. Centro de Estudios Indigenas y Coloniales; Argentin

The wines of the marquis. Mercantilism on a border of the Viceroyalty Río de la Plata (18th century)

En esta ponencia se analiza la conformación del espacio mercantil, la mano de obra, y el rol del hacendado, en la producción y comercialización del vino dentro del marquesado del Valle de Tojo (Norte del virreinato del Rio de la Plata, siglo XVIII).This paper analyses the formation of the commercial space, labour force, and the role of the squire in the production and marketing of wine within the marquisate of the valley Valle de Tojo (North of the Viceroyalty Río de la Plata, 18th century).Fil: Cruz, Enrique Normando. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TESTING OF EARTH MORTARS

This paper discusses the compressive strength of earth mortars. The goal is to use these mortars for masonry construction. Although it is necessary to study the whole masonry behaviour, the scope of this paper refers to the mortar only, without taking into account the blocks. As with other masonry units, compressive strength is a basic measure of quality for masonry mortars. However, there is a great variety of methodology for determining their parameters and properties, such as different samples geometry, the way strains are measured and also the platen restraint effect adopted. The present paper outlines certain experimental devices used to determine compressive strength of earth mortars and tries to show their influence on the properties determined. Proposals for the future development of testing earth mortars are outlined

Cinzas de cama sobreposta de suínos como adição mineral em argamassas de cimento

The sustainability of intensive swine production demands alternative destinations for the generated residues. Ashes from swine rice husk-based deep bedding were tested as a mineral addition for cement mortars. The ashes were obtained at 400 to 600ºC, ground and sieved through a 325 mesh sieve (# 0.045 mm). The characterization of the ashes included the determination of the index of pozzolanic activity with lime. The ashes were also tested as partial substitutes of Portland cement. The mortars were prepared using a cement:sand proportion of 1:1.5, and with water/cement ratio of 0.4. Three percentages of mass substitution of the cement were tested: 10, 20 and 30%. Mortar performances were assessed at 7 and 28 days determining their compressive strength. The chosen condition for calcinations at the laboratory scale was related to the maximum temperature of 600ºC since the resulting ashes contained vitreous materials and presented satisfactory values for the pozzolanic index under analysis. The pozzolanic activity indicated promising results for ashes produced at 600ºC as a replacement of up to 30% in cement masses.A sustentabilidade das regiões de produção intensiva de suínos requer destinos alternativos para os resíduos gerados. Cinzas de cama sobreposta de suínos à base casca de arroz, foram testadas como adição mineral em substituição ao cimento. As cinzas foram obtidas nas temperaturas de 400 a 600ºC, moídas e passadas por peneira ABNT 325 (# 0,045 mm). A caracterização de cinzas incluiu a determinação do índice de atividade pozolânica com a cal. As cinzas também foram testadas como substitutos parciais de cimento Portland. As argamassas foram preparadas na proporção cimento:areia de 1:1,5 e com fator água-cimento de 0,4. Três porcentagens de substituição do cimento comercial foram usadas: 10, 20 e 30% em massa. O desempenho das argamassas foi avaliado aos 7 e aos 28 dias com a determinação da resistência à compressão axial. A condição escolhida para calcinações em escala laboratorial foi associada à temperatura máxima de 600ºC, uma vez que as cinzas resultantes continham material vítreo e apresentavam valores satisfatórios para o índice de pozolanicidade em análise. A atividade pozolânica indicou resultados promissores para as cinzas produzidas a 600ºC e com substituição de até 30% em massa de cimento.Capes ProcadCNP

Praxiologia motriz e analítica-existencial do movimento : Aproximações teóricas no jogo

O estudo visa aproximar duas teorias que analisam o movimento no jogo pela lógica interna e existencial. Apesar da existência de várias teorias sobre o jogo, poucas enfocaram a análise do movimento no mesmo. A praxiologia motriz estuda as açoes motrizes que emergem no jogo, no esporte ou em qualquer prática corporal como uma complexa rede de interaçao entre os participantes. A analítica-existencial do movimento suscita aproximar o movimento no jogo por meio de um relato do espaço, do tempo e do mundo "vividos" no próprio jogo. Acreditamos na relevância dessa articulaçao em prol de uma análise minuciosa da movimentaçao no jogo, a partir de sua lógica interna para uma significaçao externa. Isso implica numa riqueza educativa e comunicativa, pela ótica praxiológica, bem como, no âmbito da analítica-existencial, possibilidades de compreender-me e compreender o outro nos movimentos realizados nos jogo

Microstructure identification via detrended fluctuation analysis of ultrasound signals

We describe an algorithm for simulating ultrasound propagation in random one-dimensional media, mimicking different microstructures by choosing physical properties such as domain sizes and mass densities from probability distributions. By combining a detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) of the simulated ultrasound signals with tools from the pattern-recognition literature, we build a Gaussian classifier which is able to associate each ultrasound signal with its corresponding microstructure with a very high success rate. Furthermore, we also show that DFA data can be used to train a multilayer perceptron which estimates numerical values of physical properties associated with distinct microstructures.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev.

Pisco and toponimy: impact of brandy routes in development of geographical names and places in Chile, Peru and Argentina

La Denominación de Origen (DO) Pisco (aguardiente de vino de Chile y Perú) constituye una de las DO más antiguas del mundo, forjada por más de cuatro siglos de historia cultural, social, económica y política. En el marco de este proceso se crearon centros productivos y rutas de distribución de alambiques y aguardientes que se reflejaron en la toponimia, a la vez que la toponimia influyó en el nombre del producto. El objeto de estudio del presente artículo es estudiar la evolución de los topónimos de las zonas afectadas por la producción y distribución del pisco en Chile, Perú y Argentina. La tesis que se propone es que los topónimos de las ciudades ya referidas reflejan parte importante de los cambios que forjaron la matriz cultural de los tres países desde el periodo colonial hasta la actualidad, proceso en el cual la cultura del pisco tuvo un papel relevante.The Appellation of Origin (AO) Pisco (Chilean and Peruvian Brandy) is one of the oldest AO all over the world. Shaped by profound cultural, social, economic and political processes, this AO is a clear proof of the link of Chilean and Peruvian nations. The study subject of this paper lies on set of place names from the cities that compound the Brandy Road, which bound Argentina, Chile and Peru for more than 300 years. The thesis that we propose is that place names from the aforementioned cities reflect an important part of changes that shaped the cultural matrix of those three countries since Colonial Period until today.Fil: Lacoste Gargantini, Pablo. Universidad de Santiago de Chile; ChileFil: Jimenez Cabrera, Diego. Asociación Chilena de Especialistas Internacionales; ChileFil: Cruz, Enrique Normando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rendon Zapata, Bibiana. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Soto González, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Polanco, Carolina. Universidad de Santiago de Chile; Chil

Prevalence of long face pattern in brazilian individuals of different ethnic backgrounds

Conclusions: Black individuals had greater prevalence of long face pattern, followed by Brown, White and Yellow individuals. The prevalence of long face pattern was 14.06% in which 13.39% and 0.68% belonged to moderate and severe subtypes, respectively.Objective: The long face pattern is a facial deformity with increased anterior total facial height due to vertical excess of the lower facial third. Individuals with long face may present different degrees of severity in vertical excess, as well as malocclusions that are difficult to manage. The categorization of vertical excess is useful to determine the treatment prognosis. This survey assessed the distribution of ethnically different individuals with vertical excess according to three levels of severity and determined the prevalence of long face pattern. Material and Methods: The survey was comprised of 5,020 individuals of Brazilian ethnicity (2,480 females and 2,540 males) enrolled in middle schools in Bauru-SP, Brazil. The criterion for inclusion of individuals with vertically impaired facial relationships was based on lip incompetence, evaluated under natural light, in standing natural head position with the lips at rest. Once identified, the individuals were classified into three subtypes according to the severity: mild, moderate, and severe. Then the pooled sample was distributed according to ethnical background as White (Caucasoid), Black (African descent), Brown (mixed descent), Yellow (Asian descent) and Brazilian Indian (Brazilian native descent). The Chi-square (χ2 ) test was used (p<0.05) to compare the frequency ratios of individuals with vertically impaired facial relationships in the total sample and among different ethnicities, according to the three levels of severity. Results: The severe subtype was rare, except in Black individuals (7.32%), who also presented the highest relative frequency (45.53%) of moderate subtype, followed by Brown individuals (43.40%). In the mild subtype, Yellow (68.08%) and White individuals (62.21%) showed similar and higher relative frequency values.\ud Conclusions: Black individuals had greater prevalence of long face pattern, followed by Brown, White and Yellow individuals. The prevalence of long face pattern was 14.06% in which 13.39% and 0.68% belonged to moderate and severe subtypes, respectively