Multivariate analysis as a tool for selecting the vine pruning pretreatment towards the highest enzymatic hydrolysis yield

Lignocellulosic materials require pretreatment to remove lignin enabling the enzyme access to the cellulose. This work used multivariate analysis to investigate the acid and alkali pretreatments of vine pruning followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. The best acid pretreatment conditions were H2SO4 1.5%, 120 °C for 30 min, removing 68.7% of hemicellulose, enabling 95.8% of cellulose recovery. However, this treatment was not enough to allow the enzyme hydrolysis. A second step of treatment with NaOH 3.0% at 120 °C without agitation for 60 min led to a material with 75.0% of cellulose and 25.0% of lignin. However, the lowest glucose yield (80.86% and 32.26 g L?1 of glucose) was obtained after the enzyme hydrolysis of this material. The highest glucose yield (98.72% with 35.06 g L?1) was obtained using a pretreated material containing 68.1% of cellulose and 31.9% of lignin obtained after a milder condition (NaOH 2% at 100 °C), thus showing that not all the lignin need to be removed to obtain a high saccharification yield. A less severe pretreatment with no adverse effect on the glucose yield with the advantage of preserving the non-cellulose biomass fractions was effective for vine prune valorization.This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 unit, BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER000004), the projects Multibiorefinery (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016403), FoSynBio (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029549) and Lignozymes (POCI-01- 0145-FEDER-029773) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte 2020. In Brazil, this study was funded in part by the Coordenaçao ~ de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) - Finance Code 001, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico (CNPq) and Fundaçao Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico (FUNCAP). The authors would like to acknowledge the Central Analytical (Physical Department) of Federal University of Ceara for conducting the SEM analysis and the Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira – CTC/Brazil for the support. E. Gudina and L. Rodrigues acknowledge FCT for the Post-doctoral (CEB-BPD/01/2015/07) and sabbatical (SFRH/BSAB/142991/2019) grants, respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Current issues in global furniture - Proceedings of the 8th biennial Furniture Research Group Conference. Missenden Abbey. Buckinghamshire New University 20 November 2013

'Current issues in global furniture’ attempted to capture contemporary views of where furniture is currently positioned from a world perspective. The first keynote paper firmly placed kitchen design into the field of furniture products showing that it has a similar stylistic development, but with nuances particular to its form and function. Ecological issues were raised concerning durability and the use of recycled components that perhaps to many is not what is expected within the domestic kitchen. Johnny Grey is no ordinary kitchen designer having designed and built kitchens all over the world within a wide range of budgets. Grey shows innovation in his adoption of green principles and especially in reusing components and materials

AEROBIC DEGRADATION OF MEDIUM DENSITY FIBERBOARD (MDF) AS A WOODMANUFACTURING INDUSTRY WASTE WITH COMPOST ADDITION

The fiberboard waste constitutes in our days an important part of urban waste stream, because they are used in increasing amounts, for the production of interior wood constructions. The management of such waste already troubles the modern societies. However, via biodegradation it is possible this waste material to constitute a valuable resource for the production of new wood based panels, thus helping on one part in the partial satisfaction of increased needs for wood and on the other part in the restriction of problems caused by these materials when they are disposed. The aim of this researchwas to study the influence of compost in degrading formaldehyde adhesives so that a large percentage could be reused as wood waste panels or further environmental disposal. Particularly we managed to determine whether the contact of these two materials favors the degradation of formaldehyde adhesives. It was used small chamber test in stable conditions (temperature, moisture, weight) for 21 days period, using wood waste from the same fiberboard in order to reduce heterogeneity problems. Further removal of formaldehyde, confirms that compost could be a favorable factor in wood waste degradation. Nevertheless, it is particularly important the way that compost participates in process

THE USAGE OF POSIDONIA OCEANICA AS A RAW MATERIAL FOR WOOD COMPOSITE AND THERMAL ENERGY PRODUCTION

More or less the energy used today is from non-renewable energy resources like coal, oil, gas, etc. but the reduction of these resources and environmental pollution are forcing research and development of new renewable energy resources. On the other side Lignocellulose-based fibres or particles are the most widely used as biodegradable reinforcing elements for composite materials like particleboards, Medium Density Fiberboards etc. In the last years, the utilisation of lignocellulosic materials in order to produce eco-friendly products is very promising. All the industries are looking for low-cost and environmentally friendly products or byproducts to develop new materials filled with natural fibres and wood. Posidonia seagrass beds formed in sandy bottoms and it is "home" for hundreds of species of marine animals (eg fish, urchins, octopus, sponges, anemones, sea turtles, etc). Both the Posidonia and algae are necessary to sustain life in sea (and not just because the oxygen release is used by all organisms), and their role is similar to that of forest land for land wild animals. The experimental process that will be presented in this paper contains the following stage: Evaluate of the energy derivative from the combustion of seaweed. Chemical analysis of Posidonia oceanica and finally, the possibility of production briquettes or pellets and particleboards based on seaweed

An Ontology Based Approach for Regulatory Compliance of EU Reg. No 995/2010 in Greece †

Illegal logging has always been considered as a major environmental and social global concern, as it is directly associated with deforestation and climate change. Nowadays, EU Regulation No 995/2010 has been successfully enforced to impede the placement of illegally produced timber within the EU market and therefore to efficiently enhance sustainable forest management and restore ecosystem balance. However, EU 995 regulatory compliance and enforcement itself is quite complex, since it requires long-term conformity, on a common basis for various heterogeneous groups and communities of stakeholders, in a global, even beyond EU, rule regulation framework. To make things worse, such a framework must be applied to the entire supply distribution chain and a wide variety of wood products, ranging from paper pulp to solid wood and flooring. Hence, in such complex and multivariate information environments, an ontological approach can more efficiently support regulatory compliance and knowledge management, due to its openness and richness of semantics for representing, analyzing, interpreting and managing such kind of information. In this paper, a rule-based regulatory compliance ontology is proposed, which fully captures EU Regulation No 995/2010 concepts and compliance rules and guidelines, as well as Greek legislations governing wood trade. The proposed ontology can be the basis for a computerized system providing automated support for illegal wood trade and monitoring EU regulation information provision and audit information storage and analysis. © 2021 by the authors

NOISE EMISSION LEVELS IN GREEK WOOD AND FURNITURE PROCESSING INDUSTRY

ABSTRAC