Maintain a culture of integrity at workplace during COVID-19 outbreak

Integrity is a powerful double-edged sword for companies today, is necessary for long term success and corporate sustainability. Cultures of integrity are committed to doing the right thing, not just as a matter of marketing or positioning, but as an uncompromising stance embodied by the words and actions in any environment and situation encountered. Having integrity in the workplace has become very important these times, especially in the current situation where all countries are facing with pandemic Covid19. Hence this paper as an initiative to the employer or organization in identifying factors that ensure the stability and practice of a culture of integrity during Covid-19 by its employees in achieving the same goals in any situation in the workplace or outside the organization

Intercalation of 2-hydroxy-1,4-napthoquinone into layered double hydroxides / Nur Mushirah Ismail

Recently, more attention is given to LDHs containing drug molecules due to its unique properties. LDH is a one class of drug delivery vehicle that has received more attention because it can accommodate polar organic compounds between their layers and form a variety of intercalated compounds. Intercalation compounds with biologically active species could thus provide composites with ability to control the drug release. This study focuses on the intercalation of 2-hydroxy-l, 4-napthoquinone into zinc-aluminium layered double hydroxides and magnesium-aluminium layered double hydroxides. In this study, original layered double hydroxides were prepared by used of co-precipitation method and its intercalated product were prepared by used of co-precipitation and ion exchange methods. Various synthesize parameters affecting the characteristic of layered double hydroxides and its intercalated products were also studied which includes the type and the ratio of metal solution, aging temperature and the intercalation method. Characterizations of the original layered double hydroxides and its intercalated product was carried out by used of Powder X-ray diffractometer (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Thermo gravimetric/Differential scanning calorimetry analysis (TGDSC). The presence of sharp peaks in the X-Ray diffractograms of layered double hydroxide shows that the synthesized LDHs have high crystallinity and the peaks were strongly dependents on the metal ratios and the synthesize temperature. The basal spacing of the LDHs increased with an increased in the metals ratio (M²⁺/M³⁺) and the results of the study indicated that, layered double hydroxides that synthesized at a ratio of 4 showed a better crystallinity as compared to other ratios and was subsequently chosen for the intercalation with of 2- hydroxy-1, 4-napthoquinone. Intercalations of 2-hydroxy-l, 4-napthoquinone into LDHs were carried out by used of two methods which are co-precipitation and ion-exchange. The basal spacing values (d003) that obtained from XRD shows that the intercalation process by used of co-precipitation method is better as compared to ion-exchange method. The FTIR spectrum of the intercalated product showed the resemblance peak of layered double hydroxides and 2-hydroxy-l, 4-napthoquinone which confirmed the intercalation of 2-hydroxy-l, 4-napthoquinone between the layers of layered double hydroxide. The thermal analysis of intercalated products suggests that, the thermal stability of 2-hydroxy-l, 4-napthoquinone is greatly improved after intercalation between the layers of layered double hydroxide. The released rate of 2-hydroxy-l, 4- napthoquinone into aqueous release medium increased with an increased in contact time between the intercalated products and aqueous release medium. A maximum percentage of released are achieved at 90 minutes for pH 10, 480 minutes for pH 7 and 540 minutes for pH 4. The release profile of the 2-hydroxy-l, 4-napthoquinone from the layer of layered double hydroxide was determined from the fitted selected various models. Based on the r² values obtained from the various model, it can be deduced that the release of 2- hydroxy-1, 4-napthoquinone into an aqueous release medium at different pH from the layer of layered double hydroxide can be described by first order kinetics. This study shows that LDHs can be used as a carrier for controlled release formulation for 2- hydroxy-1, 4-napthoquinone

Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Activities of Three Cassia Species

Cassia alata, Cassia fistula and Cassia auriculata are largely used in traditional medicine for centuries, to improve health and well being of human civilizations in rural areas of developing countries worldwide. The objective of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial and wound healing activities of all three Cassia species. The first two experiments were conducted to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of three Cassia species using disc diffusion methods. Ethanol and aqueous extract of all three Cassia species were tested in vitro against the bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, and the fungi, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Microsporum canis and Aspergillus fumigatus. All three Cassia species were effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis in a dose dependent manner, and were not effective against Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis. The results were compared with commercial antibiotics chloramphenicol (30 mg/ml), ampicilin (10 mg/ml), penicillin G (10 mg/ml), erythromycin (15 mg/ml), tetracycline (30 mg/ml) and enrofloxacin (5 mg/ml). All three plants were only effective against the Grampositive bacteria. The ethanol leaf extract of the plants at concentration 80 mg/ml can be compared to the commercial antibiotic, penicillin against Bacillus subtilis. Only Cassia alata and Cassia auriculata has exhibited antifungal activity. Cassia fistula has no effect against all tested fungi. The ethanol and aqueous bark extracts from Cassia alata was only effective against Candida albicans, whereas the ethanol leaf and bark extract from Cassia auriculata was only effective against Microsporum canis. When comparing the two plants against each other, we found that the plant extracts was selective and has a very narrow spectrum against the tested fungi. The ethanol leaves extracts from all Cassia species were chosen for the third test, which was the wound healing activity in mice. Topical application over an incised wound showed progressive infiltration of inflammatory cells, increased blood vessel formation, and enhanced proliferation of cells because of treatment with Cassia fistula extract and acriflavine. Wound contraction in specimens from the groups treated, respectively, with Cassia fistula, acriflavine and control, showed significant structural improvement when compared to Cassia alata and Cassia auriculata, in which there were no signs of healing at the end of the experiment. It can be concluded that, ethanol extracts of the leaf and bark of Cassia alata, Cassia fistula and Cassia auriculata showed antibacterial and antifungal activity which may be attributed to the presence of chemical constituent such as flavonoids, chrysophanol antharaquinones, and chrysarobin. This study also showed the promising wound healing activity of Cassia fistula in mice and warrants detailed experimental and clinical studies. It also provides a rationale for the use of Cassia fistula in preparations of traditional medicine to promote wound healing

Psychology well- being at workplaces

Psychological well-being indicates the existence of positive relationships with others, personal personality, autonomy, meaning in life, and personal growth and development. According to Ronald (2017), psychology well-being is a balance between challenging life events and rewarding, and is achieved through a balance of affected life events

Buoffant cap

Bouffant cap is safety product like a loose cap net that can secured around the head with an elastic. This product is usually used in cleanrooms, food service and medical field. According to Personal protective equipment, frequently referred to as "PPE," is equipment worn to minimize exposure to risks causing severe injuries and accident in the workplace. These accidents and diseases may lead from chemical, radiological, physical, electrical, mechanical or other dangers in the workplace. The personal protective equipment should be designed for safety, can maintain cleanliness and also reliable fashion. It should be comfortably to wear and safely covered

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN LABU KUNING DAN KACANG HIJAU DITINJAU DARI SIFAT FISIK, ORGANOLEPTIK DAN KANDUNGAN GIZI MAKANAN TRADISIONAL NAGASARI

Latar Belakang: Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap tepung beras adalah memvariasikan tepung beras dengan labu kuning. Tingginya potensi produksi labu kuning dan kacang hijau di Indonesia tidak diimbangi oleh minat masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan bahan pangan tersebut. Nagasari merupakan kue basah berwarna putih dengan tekstur kenyal yang diberi isian pisang. Penambahan labu kuning dan kacang hijau dapat memberi tambahan zat gizi dan sebagai alternatif makanan selingan sehat yang mengenyangkan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan labu kuning dan kacang hijau pada nagasari ditinjau dari sifat fisik, sifat organoleptik dan kandungan gizi nagasari. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental semu dengan rancangan acak sederhana. Data hasil uji sifat fisik dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif. Data hasil uji tingkat kesukaan menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan apabila ada perbedaan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Sifat fisik nagasari dengan penambahan labu kuning maka warna kuning pada nagasari akan semakin terang, aroma nagasari akan semakin berkurang dan aroma labu kuning akan semakin kuat, rasa manis nagasari akan semakin dominan serta tekstur kekenyalan menjadi berkurang. Tingkat kesukaan terhadap nagasari dengan variasi labu kuning dan kacang hijau secara statistik mutu warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05). Penambahan labu kuning pada nagasari menunjukan perbedaan kandungan betakaroten pada nagasari, semakin banyak labu kuning yang ditambahkan maka kandungan betakaroten akan semakin banyak. Penambahan kacang hijau dalam nagasari menunjukan perbedaan, nagasari dengan kacang hijau menunjukan kandungan protein yang lebih tinggi daripada nagasari tanpa penambahan kacang hijau. kandungan energi, karbohidrat dan lemak tidak sesuai dengan teori yang ada disebabkan oleh bias penelitian kemungkinan akibat nagasari yang diambil sampel tidak homogen. Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh penambahan labu kuning dan kacang hijau terhadap sifat fisik, organoleptik dan kandungan gizi makanan tradisional nagasari Kata Kunci: nagasari, sifat fisik, sifat organoleptik, kandungan gizi, labu kuning, kacang hija

PENGARUH VARIASI CAMPURAN LABU KUNING DALAM PEMBUATAN SERABI TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK, ORGANOLEPTIK, KADAR BETA KAROTEN DAN DAYA TERIMA BALITA USIA 4-5 TAHUN

Latar Belakang : Indonesia saat ini masih terjadi kecenderungan meningkatnya kurang vitamin A (KVA) pada ibu dan balita di daerah miskin perkotaan. Pembuatan serabi labu kuning diharapkan dapat menjadi kudapan yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan vitamin A dalam sehari. Tujuan : Mengetahui perbedaan variasi campuran labu kuning dalam pembuatan serabi terhadap sifat fisik, organoleptik, kadar beta karoten dan daya terima balita usia 4-5 tahun. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan berbagai variasi campuran labu kuning dalam pembuatan serabi yang kemudian hasilnya akan diamati sifat fisik, organoleptik, kadar beta karoten, dan daya terima balita usia 4-5 tahun. Sifat fisik dianalisis secara deskriptif. Sifat Organoleptik dianalisis dengan statistic non parametrik menggunakan uji Kruskall Wallis. Apabila ada perbedaan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann Whitney. Kadar beta karoten dianalisis dengan uji One Way Anova. Daya terima balita usia 4-5 tahun dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil : Sifat fisik yang dihasilkan meliputi warna serabi yaitu kuning (+) hingga kuning (+++), aroma khas serabi labu kuning, rasa semakin manis, dan tekstur semakin lunak. Sifat organoleptik dari segi warna, aroma, rasa yang paling disukai adalah serabi dengan variasi campuran labu kuning 60%, sedangkan dari segi tekstur adalah serabi dengan variasi campuran labu kuning 50%. Kadar beta karoten tertinggi ada pada serabi dengan campuran labu kuning 60% yaitu sebesar 3652.1891 µg/100 g. Daya terima balita usia 4-5 tahun terhadap serabi masuk dalam kategori baik. Kesimpulan : Ada perbedaan variasi campuran labu kuning dalam pembuatan serabi terhadap sifat fisik, organoleptik, kadar beta karoten dan daya terima balita usia 4-5 tahun. Kata Kunci : Labu kuning, serabi, sifat fisik, organoleptik, beta karoten, daya terim

Documentation, anti-aging activities and phytochemical profiling of selected medicinal plants used by Jakun women in Kampung Peta, Mersing, Johor

Traditional knowledge of indigenous people could become the baseline information for the discovery of anti-aging agent. The objectives of this study were to document the knowledge of Jakun people in Kampung Peta, Mersing, Johor on medicinal plants for women’s healthcare; to investigate the optimal formulations of herbal mixture used by Jakun women based on phytochemicals content and antioxidant activity; to determine the anti-aging potential of the selected formulations; and to investigate the major phytochemical constituents in the formulations. Based on qualitative analysis from semi-structured interview, twelve species of medicinal plants have been documented for women’s healthcare. Among species documented, four species, Cnestis palala (Pengesep), Urceola micrantha (Serapat), Labisia pumila (Kacip fatimah) and Microporus xanthopus (Kulat kelentit kering) that were prepared in the form of mixture have been used for formulation study. About 24 formulations have been developed from the simplex centroid design and tested for total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu method), total flavonoid content (aluminium chloride colorimetric method) and three different antioxidant assays (DPPH scavenging, ABTS decolourization and FRAP assays). Single formulation of Cnestis palala, single formulation of Urceola micrantha and binary mixture of C. palala and U. micrantha are among the optimal formulations with high phytochemicals content and antioxidant activities that were further evaluated for anti-aging activities. For anti-aging activities, five enzymatic assays have been tested on the three formulations which are matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) inhibition, elastase inhibition, tyrosinase inhibition, acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition assays. Single formulation of U. micrantha showed the highest inhibition towards MMP-1 (49.44 ± 4.11 %) and elastase enzymes (20.33±2.52%), while single formulation of C. palala showed highest inhibitions towards tyrosinase (14.06±0.31%), acetylcholinesterase (32.92±2.13%) and butyrylcholinesterase (34.89±2.84%) enzymes. The identification of phytochemicals compound have been carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), which showed the presence of 2,2-dimethoxybutane and 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (DDMP) in the three formulations extract. The presence of catechol and quinic acid in U. micrantha extract might possibly contribute to anti-aging activities of the extract. These findings could become baseline for the exploration of novel anti-aging agents from natural source by using the traditional knowledge of indigenous people

Analisis Kelayakan Finansial Usaha Perikanan Tangkap dengan Alat Tangkap Trammel Net di Kabupaten Rembang

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik usaha perikanan tangkap trammel net dan untuk menganalisis kelayakan usaha sisi finansial dari usaha perikanan tangkap trammel net di Kabupaten Rembang. Variabel kelayakan usaha finansial yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah NPV (net present value), IRR (internal rate of return), dan payback periods. Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha perikanan tangkap trammel net di Kabupaten Rembang merupakan usaha berskala mikro, dengan nilai investasi perahu rata-rata sebesar Rp 22,3 juta, nilai investasi alat tangkap rata-rata sebesar Rp 5,05 juta, dan nilai investasi mesin rata-rata sebesar Rp 4,92 juta, sedangkan biaya perawatan aset rata-rata sebesar Rp. 4,10 juta/tahun, biaya BBM rata-rata sebesar Rp. 12,96 juta/tahun, biaya es rata-rata sebesar Rp. 0,99 juta/tahun, biaya perbekalan rata-rata sebesar Rp. 6,40 juta/tahun dan raman kotor rata-rata sebesar Rp. 42,31 juta/tahun. Selain itu, juga dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa usaha perikanan tangkap trammel net di Kabupaten Rembang bersifat feasible karena NPV bernilai positif (Rp 44,3 juta) dalam 10 tahun periode operasi penangkapan ikan, IRR (52%) lebih besar dari suku bunga yang ditetapkan dan payback periods (2,77 tahun) lebih cepat dari target waktu yang ditetapkan. This research aims to identified a characteristic of fishing business using trammel net and to analysed a financial feasibilty study to fishing business using trammel net in Regency of Rembang. Variable of research were NPV, IRR and payback periods. This research also used a primary and secondary data. This research proved if fishing business used trammel net in Rembang Regency could classify in micro-business, with investment cost average are Rp 22.3 million to boat, Rp 5.05 million to trammel net, and Rp 4.92 million to machine. Fishing business used trammel net in Rembang Regency also need Rp. 4.10 million/year to average of maintenance cost, Rp. 12.96 million/year to average of energy cost, Rp. 0.99 million/year to average of ice procurement cost, and Rp. 6.40 million/year to average of accomodation cost. The average of gross income in fishing business using trammel net was Rp. 42.31 million/year. This research proved if fishing business used trammel net was feasible, value of NPV was positive (Rp 44.3 million) in 10 years business operation, IRR (52%) greater than the target and payback periods (2.77 years) faster than the target