Coherent Patterning of Matter Waves with Subwavelength Localization

We propose the Subwavelength Localization via Adiabatic Passage (SLAP) technique to coherently achieve state-selective patterning of matter waves well beyond the diffraction limit. The SLAP technique consists in coupling two partially overlapping and spatially structured laser fields to three internal levels of the matter wave yielding state-selective localization at those positions where the adiabatic passage process does not occur. We show that by means of this technique matter wave localization down to the single nanometer scale can be achieved. We analyze in detail the potential implementation of the SLAP technique for nano-lithography with an atomic beam of metastable Ne* and for coherent patterning of a two-component 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Space vector PWM technique for a three-level six-phase drive

A space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) strategy for a three-level six-phase drive based on vector space decomposition (VSD) approach is presented for the first time in this paper. The steps, requirements and conditions in determining the right switching sequences for the proposed modulation strategy are explained in detail. The developed SVPWM strategy is then simulated in Matlab/Simulink while driving a symmetrical six-phase induction machine running at no load. Obtained results prove the validity of the algorithm

Space Vector PWM Technique for a Three-level Asymmetrical Six-phase Drive

A space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) strategy for a three-level asymmetrical six-phase drive, with a single neutral point, based on vector space decomposition (VSD) approach is presented for the first time in this paper. The selection process, related to the determination of the right switching sequences for the proposed modulation strategy, is discussed in detail. The developed SVPWM strategy is then simulated in PLECS simulation package, while driving an asymmetrical six-phase induction machine running at no load. Obtained results prove the validity of the algorithm

A space vector PWM technique for a three-level symmetrical six phase drive

A space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm for a three-level symmetrical six-phase drive, based on vector space decomposition (VSD) approach, is for the first time presented and experimentally proven in this paper. The process how to correctly select the optimal switching sequences, based on several starting requirements and conditions for the analysed topology, such that the output phase voltage waveforms do not contain any low order harmonics, is explained in detail. The developed SVPWM algorithm is verified experimentally using a three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) converter and a symmetrical six-phase induction machine. Obtained results prove the validity of the developed SVPWM algorithm. The performance of the SVPWM algorithm is compared with the corresponding carrier-based modulation strategy and it is shown that the two techniques yield identical performance. Finally, both simulation and experimental analysis of the voltage and current THD are reported

Smoker Desaturation during General Anaesthesia: A Case Report

We report a case of sudden hypoxaemia after intubation in a patient who had smoked a few hours prior to a surgical procedure. The cause of his desaturation was not related to bronchial secretions, bronchospasm or obstruction of the upper airways but most likely due to reduced oxygen saturation in the body prior to surgery. We managed to secure the airway and prevent prolonged desaturation by instituting remedial measures. Our conclusion is that cessation of smoking is very important and need to be emphasized in all patients having surgery under general anaesthesia. This applies to emergency cases as well

High Frequency Oscillating Ventilation (HFOV) in Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): A Case Report

High frequency oscillating ventilation (HFOV) provides a rescue therapy for patients with refractory hypoxaemia in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). HFOV utilizes high mean airway pressures to maintain an open lung and low tidal volumes at a high frequency that allows for adequate ventilation while at the same time preventing alveolar overdistension. This seems to be an ideal lung protective ventilation strategies to prevent ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI)2. We reported a case of severe extrapulmonary ARDS secondary to acute lymphoblastic leukaemia responding to the use of HFOV

Personal And Professional Characteristics Of A Good Muslim Doctor: Perception Of Newly Graduated Doctors

Introduction: The Medical Faculty of Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) aims to produce good Muslim doctors (GMD) who are able to practise medicine that is integrated with Islamic values. Islamic courses and Medical Ethics are integrated into the curriculum in its effort to provide adequate Islamic knowledge and nurturing professionalism as a process of personal and professional development (PPD) within the framework of Islamic teaching. The objective of the study was to evaluate the perception of graduates and students of characteristics of a GMD. Method: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the participants. The respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement or disagreement on the statements that represent the characteristics of a GMD. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using SPSS version 18.0. The mean, median and inter quartile ranges of the characteristics were determined and differences between the groups were analysed using Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Results showed significant difference between gender for the item “Conscious of professional ethics” (p=0.021). Significant differences were seen in the median scores between the graduates and the final year students in four out of six items for personal characteristic. Conclusion: Islamic input in the medical curriculum and the teaching of professionalism has an impact on graduate perception of characteristics of a GMD. Further improvement in the teaching of professionalism among undergraduates is necessary in order to promote greater impact on the understanding and internalization of characteristics of a GMD. The Islamic input in the medical curriculum can thus be regarded as the blueprint for PPD of medical undergraduates to become a GMD

Growth optimization of escherichia coli harboring superoxidase dismutase using response surface methodology / Atikah. 0. … [et al.]

A preliminary study on the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the growth of recombinant E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS (ESOD) harboring superoxide dismutase (SOD) on three variables (nitrogen source, carbon source and initial pH) in shake flask cultures. Full Factorial Design (FFD) was applied as a screening method to the independent variables, and maximum cell concentration (Xmax) achieved was 3.59g/L at a combination of 7 C/N and initial pH of 7.5. The combined effect of each variables and optimized condition were obtained using Central Composite Design (CCD). The optimized nitrogen and carbon sources derived from the RSM regression were 21.86g/L and 4.89g/L, respectively. The optimal initial pH of the medium was 7.84. The highest cell concentration achieved based on the model developed from RSM was 7.39g/L, which compared very well with the maximum predicted value

Growth optimization of escherichia coli harboring superoxidase dismutase using response surface methodology / Atikah, O. …[et al.]

A preliminary study on the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the growth of recombinant E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS (ESOD) harboring superoxide dismutase (SOD) on three variables (nitrogen source, carbon source and initial pH) in shake flask cultures. Full Factorial Design (FFD) was applied as a screening method to the independent variables. and maximum cell concentration (Xmax) achieved was 3.59g/L at a combination of 7 C/N and initial pH of 7.5. The combined effect of each variables and optimized condition were obtained using Central Composite Design (CCD). The optimized nitrogen and carbon sources derived from the RSM regression were 21.86g/L and 4.89g/L, respectively. The optimal initial pH of the medium was 7.84. The highest cell concentration achieved based on the model developed from RSM was 7.39g/L, which compared very well with the maximum predicted value

A nonlinear updating algorithm captures suboptimal inference in the presence of signal-dependent noise

Bayesian models have advanced the idea that humans combine prior beliefs and sensory observations to optimize behavior. How the brain implements Bayes-optimal inference, however, remains poorly understood. Simple behavioral tasks suggest that the brain can flexibly represent probability distributions. An alternative view is that the brain relies on simple algorithms that can implement Bayes-optimal behavior only when the computational demands are low. To distinguish between these alternatives, we devised a task in which Bayes-optimal performance could not be matched by simple algorithms. We asked subjects to estimate and reproduce a time interval by combining prior information with one or two sequential measurements. In the domain of time, measurement noise increases with duration. This property takes the integration of multiple measurements beyond the reach of simple algorithms. We found that subjects were able to update their estimates using the second measurement but their performance was suboptimal, suggesting that they were unable to update full probability distributions. Instead, subjects’ behavior was consistent with an algorithm that predicts upcoming sensory signals, and applies a nonlinear function to errors in prediction to update estimates. These results indicate that the inference strategies employed by humans may deviate from Bayes-optimal integration when the computational demands are high