Sobre el Ordenamiento de Zamora, 1274

The so-called Ordenamiento de Zamora of 1274 has received scant critical attention, but it prompts several questions: (1) is the extant text an official Ordenamiento of the royal court; (2) was the date affixed by the royal chancery; (3) was it enacted in the Cortes at Zamora; (4) what is the substance of the text? The Ordenamiento is incomplete as it lacks the proper introduction characteristic of authentic royal documents and the customary chancery dating formula. Apart from the inscription, no other document speaks of the Cortes of Zamora and the text makes no reference to the Cortes or to the presence of representatives of municipalities ordinarily summoned to the Cortes. In order to facilitate the prompt resolution of lawsuits, the Ordenamiento focused on four topics: 1. Advocates; 2. Judges; 3. Scribes; and 4. The King. It also listed the casos de corte that belonged exclusively to royal jurisdiction.El llamado Ordenamiento de Zamora de 1274 ha recibido escasa atención crítica, pero plantea varias preguntas: (1) ¿es el texto existente un ordenamiento oficial de la corte real? (2) ¿fue la fecha fijada por la cancillería real? (3) ¿fue decretado en las Cortes de Zamora? (4) ¿cuál es la sustancia del texto? El Ordenamiento es incompleto ya que carece de la introducción característica de los auténticos documentos reales y de la fórmula acostumbrada empleada por la cancillería para fechar tales documentos. Aparte de la inscripción, ningún otro documento habla de las Cortes de Zamora y el texto no hace referencia a las Cortes ni a la presencia de representantes de los concejos ordinariamente convocados a las Cortes. Con el fin de facilitar la pronta resolución de los pleitos, el Ordenamiento se centró en cuatro temas: 1. Abogados; 2. Alcaldes; 3. Escribanos; y 4. El Rey. También enumeró los casos de corte que pertenecían exclusivamente a la jurisdicción real

Working with schools and communities: a postgraduate module where students undertake a mental health or well-being intervention in a school or community setting

The case study reports on a module called 'Working with schools and communities' which forms part of the MSc in Child and Adolescent Mental Health at The University of Northampton. The module involves students designing, planning, delivering and evaluating mental health or well-being interventions in school or community settings. Through detailing the module approach, assessment strategy and applied examples of students' work, we show how the work students do on this module embraces Changemaking, both for them in terms of their own skills and experience, but also for the schools and community settings where they are based

Obesidad y sobrepeso en relación con la alimentación y la actividad física en alumnos de 4º de enfermería

Introducción: La obesidad, según la OMS, es una acumulación anormal o excesiva de grasa que puede ser perjudicial para la salud. Es una enfermedad multicausal, siendo la alimentación y la actividad física los factores más relevantes en su génesis. Justificación: La prevalencia de la obesidad en España no deja de crecer, siendo un factor de riesgo para múltiples enfermedades. Por ello, el personal sanitario tiene el deber de actuar ante esta situación estableciendo medidas para la prevención del sobrepeso y la obesidad. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de la obesidad y el sobrepeso en relación a la alimentación y la actividad física en los alumnos de 4º de enfermería de Palencia. Material y método: Estudio observacional, transversal, analítico. Se envió una encuesta anónima a los alumnos de 4º de enfermería de Palencia. Se obtuvieron datos sociodemográficos, el nivel de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea mediante el test Kidmed y el nivel de actividad física mediante el test RAPA de 62 alumnos. Resultados: Hubo 62 participantes en estudio con edades comprendidas entre 21 y 38 años, el 87,1% eran mujeres. El IMC medio de la muestra es de 22,39 kg/m2 . El 80,64% de los participantes presentan normopeso. Un 55% eran físicamente activos. Tan solo un 9,68% presenta alta adherencia a la dieta mediterránea. Los alumnos con alta adherencia a la dieta mediterránea son los más activos físicamente. Conclusiones: La realización de la actividad física y los hábitos alimentarios son factores mejorables en los alumnos de 4º de Enfermería de Palencia.Grado en Enfermerí

Development and the G20

This publication examines what role the G20 can play in international development. Key findings: Development is a key component of the G20, but there are concerns over the effectiveness of the current development agenda. The criticism includes that the development agenda is too diffuse and mostly distant to the G20’s main activities. But the G20 development agenda has made progress in some important areas, including increasing the resources of the international financial institutions, infrastructure, food security, financial inclusion and reducing the cost of remittances. However development and global economic issues cannot be treated in isolation; development must be ‘mainstreamed’ and clearly seen as part of the G20’s core agenda. To the extent that Australia can help strengthen the G20 when it assumes the chair in 2014, and make tangible progress in such areas as - economic growth, financial regulation, trade, financial inclusion, infrastructure and climate change financing – it can make a significant contribution to promoting development and reducing poverty. Authored by Mike Callaghan AM, Annmaree O’Keeffe AM, Robin Davies, Susan Harris Rimmer , Steve Price-Thomas, Sabina Curatolo, Julia Newton-Howes and Michelle Lettie

Institutional and policy issues in the management of fisheries and coastal resources in Cambodia

Fishery management, Governments, Fishery policies, Resource conservation, Resource management, Cambodia,

Tidal energy machines: A comparative life cycle assessment

Marine energy in the UK is currently undergoing a period of exponential growth in terms of development and implementation. The current installed tidal energy capacity of around 4MW is expected to rise to provide up to 20% of the UK’s electricity demand by 2050 [5]. With this in mind, there is a huge range of energy devices, all seemingly promoted by their developers as the best method of extracting power from the ocean. Embodied energy is an important aspect of any power producing device or process, and is used to describe the amount of energy required to begin and maintain the process of energy generation. Until a device or process has generated this amount of energy it cannot be said to be a net contributor of energy. This work used Life Cycle Assessment to study four tidal energy devices, representing a cross section of the existing designs, and compares their embodied energy and carbon dioxide emissions. In order to ensure a fair comparison, a hypothetical installation site is used, with conditions typical of those found at potential array installation sites in the UK. The designs studied include a multi-blade turbine, two three blade horizontal axis turbine machines, and an Archimedes’ screw device. These machines were chosen to represent a cross section of device, foundation, installation and operation designs. They have all been developed to prototype stage, meaning that actual manufacturing data is available. Embodied energy is considered over the entire lifetime of each device, beginning with extraction of raw materials. Energy use from fabrication, transport, installation, lifetime maintenance, end-of-life decommissioning and recycling are all calculated, and compared to the energy generation from each device at the test site. Finally, the embodied energy; CO2 intensity; and energy payback periods are compared to those of conventional power generating systems as well as other renewable energy sources. A range of data sources are used. Embodied energy of steel has been provided by the World Steel Association. Of the four devices studied, all were found to achieve CO2 and energy payback within the first 12 years of their lifetime, and exhibited CO2 intensity of between 18 and 35 gCO2/kWh. This compares favourably to many current energy sources, and is likely to fall as technology improves, array size increases and industry experience progresses

Antiferromagnetic Order in Disorder-Induced Insulating Phase of SrRu_{1-x}Mn_xO_3 (0.4<x<0.6)

We have performed the powder neutron diffraction measurements on the solid solutions of SrRu_{1-x}Mn_xO_3, and found that the itinerant ferromagnetic order observed in pure SrRuO_3 changes into the C-type antiferromagnetic (AF) order with nearly localized d electrons in the intermediate Mn concentration between x=0.4 and 0.6. With increasing x, the AF moment is strongly enhanced from 1.1 mB (x=0.4) to 2.6 mB (x=0.6), which is accompanied by the elongation of the tetragonal c/a ratio. These results suggest that the substitution of Mn for Ru suppresses the itinerant character of the d electrons, and induces the superexchange interaction through the compression in the c plane. We have also found that the magnetic and transport properties observed in our tetragonal samples are quite similar to those of recently reported orthorhombic ones.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

General mutation databases : analysis and review

Databases of mutations causing Mendelian disease play a crucial role in research, diagnostic and genetic health care and can play a role in life and death decisions. These databases are thus heavily used, but only gene or locus specific databases have been previously reviewed for completeness, accuracy, currency and utility. We have performed a review of the various general mutation databases that derive their data from the published literature and locus specific databases. Only two&mdash;the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)&mdash;had useful numbers of mutations. Comparison of a number of characteristics of these databases indicated substantial inconsistencies between the two databases that included absent genes and missing mutations. This situation strengthens the case for gene specific curation of mutations and the need for an overall plan for collection, curation, storage and release of mutation data.<br /