Fuzzy Control of Chaos

We introduce the idea of the fuzzy control of chaos: we show how fuzzy logic can be applied to the control of chaos, and provide an example of fuzzy control used to control chaos in Chua's circuit

Financial dollarization: the role of banks and interest rates

This paper develops a model to explain the determinants of financial dollarization. Expanding on the existing literature, our framework allows interest rate differentials to play a role in explaining financial dollarization. It also accounts for the increasing presence of foreign banks in the local financial sector. Using a newly compiled data set on transition economies we find that increasing access to foreign funds leads to higher credit dollarization, while it decreases deposit dollarization. Interest rate differentials matter for the dollarization of both loans and deposits. Overall, the empirical results lend support to the predictions of our theoretical model. JEL Classification:Financial Dollarization, Foreign Banks, Interest Rate Differentials, Transition Economies

Identify and mitigation of negative impacts of projects using heat maps and probability default

La preocupación actual de la sociedad debe ir encaminada a diseñar proyectos que sean social, económica y financieramente eficientes y equitativos, con el objetivo de identificar, reducir y mitigar en lo posible las externalidades o impactos negativos en la sociedad; en este articulo, se propone como definir y elegir una metodología acertada y acorde a las necesidades y alcance de cada proyecto, con el fin de poder hacer una evaluación completa, adicional, se aplicará el concepto de mapas de calor y se utilizará la teoría del cálculo de la probabilidad de default (PD) para obtener la probabilidad de ocurrencia de los impactos.The current concern of society must be pointed to design projects that are socially, economically and financially efficient and fair, this in order to identify, reduce, and mitigate as much as possible the externalities or negative impacts on society. This article specifies how to choose and define a methodology that fits with the needs and the scope of each project, this allows the team to have a full assessment prior to the implementation phase; in addition it should be applied the concepts of heat map and the Default theory of probability calculation (DC), to obtain the probability of the impacts occurrences's after the project is delivered

Higher wages, lower pay : public vs. private sector compensation in Peru

Do public sector employees earn less than their counterparts in the private sector? This paper addresses this question in the case of Peru, a country where civil service reform is being debated yet the only available empirical studies on wage differentials date back to the late 1980s. Using data from the 2009 national household survey, the authors perform a multiple step analysis. First, they estimate a single equation with a public sector dummy, which is found to be statistically significant and positive when only monetary wages are taken into account. However, when in-kind payments and bonuses are included to measure compensation, the analysis finds a private sector premium. Second, they estimate for public and formal private employees two distinct wage functions, including the inverse Mills ratio. This takes into account the selection bias resulting from workers self-selecting into the public or private sector. Third, these results are used to decompose wage differentials using the standard Oaxaca-Blinder approach. The results show that the compensation differentials are not significant except for the sub-sample of employees that achieved a postgraduate degree.Labor Markets,Public Sector Economics,Inequality,Public Sector Management and Reform,Education and Digital Divide

The EU budget – how much scope for institutional reform?

This paper reviews current discussions on reforming the European Union (EU) budgetary procedure and assesses the main reform proposals that have been suggested thus far. It argues that prospects for reforms are presently hampered by the complex interplay between supranational and intergovernmental decision modes and the requirement of any budgetary procedure to strike a balance between efficiency and legitimacy. The paper reviews the main criticisms of the present budgetary procedure and the related reform proposals, which are assessed on the basis of relevant theoretical literature as well as brief comparisons with the federal budget of the United States. The paper argues that the current EU budgetary procedure maximises efficiency and legitimacy, given the present state of political integration in the EU. Significant modifications to the budgetary procedure would depart from that equilibrium.

Anticipated synchronization: a metaphorical linear view

We study the regime of anticipated synchronization recently described on a number of dynamical systems including chaotic and noisy ones. We use simple linear caricatures to show the minimal setups able to reproduce the basic facts described.Comment: 7 pages,5 figure

Three-frequency resonances in dynamical systems

We investigate numerically and experimentally dynamical systems having three interacting frequencies: a discrete mapping (a circle map), an exactly solvable model (a system of coupled ordinary differential equations), and an experimental device (an electronic oscillator). We compare the hierarchies of three-frequency resonances we find in each of these systems. All three show similar qualitative behaviour, suggesting the existence of generic features in the parameter-space organization of three-frequency resonances.Comment: See home page http://lec.ugr.es/~julya

RPAS's utilization for obtaining of geographical information for the generation of detailed studies of management of the municipal risk

La utilización de los RPAS en operaciones civiles cada vez son más comunes, de esta forma se plantea la utilización de estas herramientas para la captura de información que permita generar los insumos necesarios para la interpretación y análisis de la información generada por estas tecnologías para dar cumplimiento a los requerimientos legales y técnicos necesarios para realizar los planes detallados de gestión del riesgo municipal y los respectivos diseños para sus obras de mitigación según las medidas planteadas. Se proponen dos áreas pilotos para el análisis de los riesgos por inundación y movimientos en masa para realizar los modelos y análisis con los RPAS.The use of RPAS in civil operations is becoming more common, in this way it is proposed the use of these tools to capture information that allows generating the necessary inputs for the interpretation and analysis of the information generated by these technologies to comply To the legal and technical requirements necessary to carry out the detailed municipal risk management plans and the respective designs for their mitigation works according to the measures proposed. Two pilot areas are proposed for the analysis of flood risks and mass movements to perform the models and analysis with the RPA

The acceding countries’ strategies towards ERM II and the adoption of the euro - an analytical review

This paper reviews the strategies announced by the ten countries joining the European Union in May 2004 with regard to their intentions for participation in ERM II and the adoption of the euro. The paper examines the economic rationale of the monetary integration strategies declared by most acceding countries with a view to identifying also their potential risks. It does so by making use of several different approaches, including a short review of nominal convergence and a more extensive discussion from an optimum currency area perspective. An important part of the analysis is devoted to the implications of real convergence – i.e. catching-up growth in income and adjustment of the real economic structures towards those prevailing in the euro area – on the patterns of economic dynamics in acceding countries. Other aspects covered are the risks for external competitiveness in the convergence process and the appropriate pace of fiscal consolidation.