Review of Dysmorphoptilidae Handlirsch (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha) from the Argentinean Triassic, with description of a new subfamily, and a new species

This contribution presents new fossil insect taxa of the order Hemiptera (Cicadomorpha, Dysmorphoptilidae, Gallegomorphoptilinae subfam. n.) from the Ischichuca Formation (late Middle Triassic to early Late Triassic) from La Rioja Province (Argentina). One subfamily, one new species, and three new combinations, are proposed: Gallegomorphoptila kotejai sp. n., G. acostai comb. n., G. gigantea comb. n., G. pulcherrima comb. n. Also, a wide review of the family Dysmorphoptilidae HANDLIRSCH (diverse and well represented in the Argentinean Triassic levels), is madeFil: Martins-Neto, R.G.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Gallego, Oscar Florencio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral; Argentin

Finite Rotations

We present an elementary discussion of two basic properties of angular displacements, namely, the anticommutation of finite rotations and the commutation of infinitesimal rotations, and show how commutation is achieved as the angular displacements get smaller and smaller

Effect of insecticides growth regulators on eggs, larvae and adults of Grapholita molesta (BUSCK) (LEP.: Tortricidae)

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de inseticidas reguladores de crescimento de insetos (RCI) sobre ovos, lagartas e adultos de G. molesta, em laboratório. Os inseticidas avaliados foram lufenurom e novalurom (4,0g de i.a. 100L-1) metoxifenozida e tebufenozida (9,6g de i.a. 100L-1) e uma testemunha (água destilada). Em aplicação antes da oviposição, somente o metoxifenozida causou mortalidade significativa de ovos (26,3%), quando comparado à testemunha. A aplicação dos inseticidas sobre ovos com diferentes idades (24; 48 e 72 horas) apresentou variações na mortalidade da espécie em função do inseticida e tempo de desenvolvimento embrionário. Somente metoxifenozida e novalurom reduziram a viabilidade de lagartas que eclodiram dos ovos tratados, com um máximo de 35,9 e 39,5% de viabilidade larval quando aplicados em ovos de 48-72 horas, respectivamente. O tratamento dos frutos de maçã com inseticidas causou mortalidade significativa das lagartas, contudo não foram observadas diferenças entre os inseticidas, tanto para lagartas pequenas (eficiência média de 47,2%), quanto para lagartas de 3º-4º instar (média de 45,3%). Lufenurom reduziu sua eficácia com o aumento do tamanho da lagarta. A ingestão de lufenurom, metoxifenozida, novalurom, tebufenozida e por adultos de G. molesta reduziu a fecundidade e a fertilidade, porém a longevidade dos adultos somente foi afetada negativamente pela ingestão de metoxifenozida e tebufenozida.The objective of this study were to evaluate the effect of insecticides insect growth regulators (IGR's) on eggs, larvae and adults of G. molesta, in the laboratory. The evaluated insecticides were Lufenuron and Novaluron (4.0g of a.i. 100L-1), Methoxyfenozide and Tebufenozide (9.6g of a.i. 100L-1) and control (distilled water). In application before oviposition, only Methoxyfenozide caused significant mortality of eggs (26.3%) compared to control. The application of insecticides on eggs of different ages (24, 48 and 72 hours) showed variations in mortality of the species regarding the insecticide and time of embryonic development. Only Methoxyfenozide and Novaluron reduced the viability of larvae that emerged from treated eggs, with a maximum of 35.9% and 39.5 of larval viability when applied on eggs of 48-72 hours, respectively. The treatment of apple fruit with insecticides caused significant mortality of larvae, but no differences were observed among insecticides, both for small larvae (average efficiency of 47.2%) and for 3-4rd instar larvae (averaging 45.3%). Lufenuron reduced its efficacy on 3-4rd instar larvae. The ingestion of Lufenuron, Methoxyfenozide, Novaluron and Tebufenozide by adults of G. molesta reduced fecundity and fertility, however the adult longevity was only negatively affected by the ingestion of Methoxyfenozide and Tebufenozide.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Feeding strategies to design the fatty acid profile of sheep milk and cheese

The majority of sheep milk produced in the world is transformed into cheese. Feeding is a major factor affecting the quality of sheep milk and, therefore, of sheep cheese. Because fat is the main compound of cheese, this review gives an update on the effects of feeding and nutrition on milk fat content and deeply discusses feeding strategies aimed at increasing the levels of healthy fatty acids (FA), such as conjugated linoleic acid and omega-3 FA, in milk and cheese in the human diet. In addition, the use of alternative feed resources such as by-products, aromatic plants, and phenolic compounds in the sheep diet and their effects on milk and cheese FA composition are also discussed. Among feeding strategies, grazing and the use of supplements rich in oils seem to be the best and the cheapest strategies to improve the nutritional value of the fatty acid profile in sheep cheese

Effect of the utilization of aromatic plants on diet utilization, milk production, parasitic load,and health status of dairy ewes

This dissertation studied the effects of aromatic plants on diet utilization, milk production, parasitic load, and health of Sarda dairy ewes. The first chapter reviewed the effects of aromatic plants and their extracts on ruminants inin vivostudies. The second chapter reported a long-term feeding trial on the effects ofCarumsp.,Coriandrumsp. andSaturejasp. at three doses on milk production, feed intake, blood and ruminal parameters and digestibility of lactating Sarda dairy ewes. All mixtures were eaten by the ewes without harming animal health; most milk parameters did not change; milk fatty acids were modified by the plants, especially at the highest dose; rumen pH was affected by plant and dose; NDF digestibility increased with the plants andin vivodigestibility of most nutrients increased with Satureja. The third chapter demonstrated anthelmintic effects (reduction of fecal egge count) ofSaturejasp. alone or blended withCarumsp., andCoriandrumsp. in non-lactating pregnant Sarda ewes naturally infested by gastro-intestinal parasites. The fourth chapter tested effects of blends of the same plants on milk production, rumen function and health of lactating Sarda ewes. Milk production was not affected by plants; rumen pH tended to be positively affected, but rumen volatile fatty acids were not affected by the plants; bacteria communities in the ruminal liquid were affected by the plants, and archaea rumen population were not clearly affected

Diversity from genes to ecosystems : a unifying framework to study variation across biological metrics and scales

This work was assisted through participation in “Next Generation Genetic Monitoring” Investigative Workshop at the National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, sponsored by the National Science Foundation through NSF Award #DBI-1300426, with additional support from The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Hawaiian fish community data were provided by the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center's Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) with funding from NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program. O.E.G. was supported by the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS). A. C. and C. H. C. were supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan. P.P.-N. was supported by a Canada Research Chair in Spatial Modelling and Biodiversity. K.A.S. was supported by National Science Foundation (BioOCE Award Number 1260169) and the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis. All data used in this manuscript are available in DRYAD (https://doi.org/dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.qm288) and BCO-DMO (http://www.bco-dmo.org/project/552879).Biological diversity is a key concept in the life sciences and plays a fundamental role in many ecological and evolutionary processes. Although biodiversity is inherently a hierarchical concept covering different levels of organisation (genes, population, species, ecological communities and ecosystems), a diversity index that behaves consistently across these different levels has so far been lacking, hindering the development of truly integrative biodiversity studies. To fill this important knowledge gap we present a unifying framework for the measurement of biodiversity across hierarchical levels of organisation. Our weighted, information-based decomposition framework is based on a Hill number of order q = 1, which weights all elements in proportion to their frequency and leads to diversity measures based on Shannon’s entropy. We investigated the numerical behaviour of our approach with simulations and showed that it can accurately describe complex spatial hierarchical structures. To demonstrate the intuitive and straightforward interpretation of our diversity measures in terms of effective number of components (alleles, species, etc.) we applied the framework to a real dataset on coral reef biodiversity. We expect our framework will have multiple applications covering the fields of conservation biology, community genetics, and eco-evolutionary dynamics.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Impact of acute kidney injury exposure period among liver transplantation patients

Background: Acute kidney injury is a common complication of liver transplantation. in this single-centre retrospective observational study, we investigated the impact of acute kidney disease on liver recipient survival.Methods: the study population consisted of patients who underwent a liver engraftment between January 2002 and November 2006, at a single transplantation centre in São Paulo, Brazil. Acute kidney injury diagnosis and staging were according to the recommendations of the Acute Kidney Injury Network and consisted of scanning the daily serum creatinine levels throughout the hospital stay. Patients requiring renal replacement therapy prior to transplantation, those who developed acute kidney injury before the procedure or those receiving their second liver graft were excluded from the study.Results: A total of 444 liver transplantations were performed during the study period, and 129 procedures (29%) were excluded. the remaining 315 patients constituted the study population. in 207 procedures, the recipient was male (65%). the mean age of the population was 51 years. Cumulative incidence of acute kidney injury within 48 h, during the first week after transplantation, and throughout the hospital stay was 32, 81 and 93%, respectively. Renal replacement therapy was required within a week after the transplantation in 31 procedures (10%), and another 17 (5%) required replacement therapy after that period. Mean follow-up period was 2.3 years. Time in days from acute kidney injury diagnosis to initiation of replacement therapy or reaching serum creatinine peak was associated with lower overall survival even when adjusted for significant potential confounders (HR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01, 1.05; p=0.002). Overall, patients experiencing acute kidney injury lasting for a week or more before initiation of replacement therapy experienced a threefold increase in risk of death (HR 3.02; 95% CI 2.04, 4.46; p<0.001).Conclusions: Acute kidney injury after liver transplantation is remarkably frequent and has a substantial impact on patient survival. Delaying the initiation of renal replacement therapy in such population may increase mortality by more than 20% per day.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Nephrol, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Transplantes Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini, Liver Unit, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, BrazilTufts Univ, New England Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Medford, MA 02155 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Nephrol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

História da Educação Matemática nas licenciaturas dos Institutos Federais?

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de investigar a inserção da História da Educação Matemática como disciplina nos cursos de formação de professores de Matemática, em especial, nas Licenciaturas em Matemática dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia. Após contextualizar a oferta de Licenciaturas nos Institutos Federais e descrever como se dá essa formação, buscou-se defender a importância de se inserir a História da Educação Matemática como disciplina nos currículos, sustentados por documentos normativos que já possibilitam tal feito. Definiu-se o que se considera por História da Educação Matemática bem como o lugar que essas pesquisas ocupam, a saber, o da História da Educação. Dialogando com pesquisadores da área, verifica-se a importância de se ter uma formação do futuro professor com a presença dos aspectos históricos da Matemática escolar e que depende dos profissionais da área buscarem a alteração dos currículos para a inclusão da História da Educação Matemática nas matrizes curriculares. Conclui-se que os campi do Instituto Federal presentes em Santa Catarina que ofertam a Licenciatura não tratam do tema em seus Projetos Pedagógicos, mas que há sim possibilidade da inserção da disciplina nos currículos para a melhoria da qualidade da formação do futuro professor