Rasyonlarda yem katkı maddesi olarak i?ki deniz yosununun (Ulva lactuca, Enteremorpha linza) Gökkuşa?ı alabalı?ının (Oncorhynchus mykiss) büyüme performansı, yem de?erlendirme ve vücut kompozisyonu üzerine etkileri

In the present study, it was aimed to determine the effects of diet containing two seaweed species, Ulva lactuca and Enteromorpha linza, on the growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of rainbow trout. Two experimental diets were formulated with the usage of 10% U. lactuca meal and 10% E. linza meal in feed and control group had no seaweed ingredients. Each experiment was triplicate and each group had fourteen fish specimens with an average weight of 32.96 +/- 0.29 g. Fish were hand fed three times per day for 60 days. Significant differences were determined in weight gain, specific growth rate, relative growth rate and feed utilization between experimental and control groups ( P<0.05). Fish fed with the diet containing 10% E. linza meal had the poorest feed utilization. The survival rate ranged from 96% to 98% in all groups during trial period. Apparent net protein retention, protein efficiency rate, daily dry feed intake and total feed intake were significantly lower in fish groups which fed with the diet containing U. lactuca and E. linza than control group (P<0.05). The final levels of crude protein, crude lipid and crude ash were in higher rates in the body composition all the groups compared when compared to the initial level (P<0.05). The results of the experiment revealed that a diet with U. lactuca and E. linza inclusion at 10% levels resulted in a poorer growth and feed utilization for rainbow trout when compared to those of control group. Hence, more defined experiments seem to be necessary in order to determine the optimum dietary inclusion level of these seaweeds in rainbow trout diets.Council of Scientific Research Projects of Ondokuz Mayis University [S.077]This study was supported by the Council of Scientific Research Projects of Ondokuz Mayis University Project No: S.077

Regional distribution of polymorphisms associated to the disease-causing gene of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3

Introduction: Knowledge about the distribution and frequency of the respective haplotypes on the wildtype and mutant allele is highly relevant in the context of future gene therapy clinical studies in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3, the most common autosomal dominantly inherited ataxia. Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated to the disease-causing gene, ATXN3, have been determined. We wanted to investigate the frequency and regional distribution of two intragenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a large European SCA3 cohort and their relation to the clinical phenotype. Methods: The genotypes of the two polymorphisms at base pair positions 987 and 1118 of the ATXN3 were determined for their co-localization on the normal and expanded allele, respectively, in 286 SCA3 mutation carriers and 117 healthy controls from 11 European sites. Results: The distribution of genotypes on the expanded allele differed from those of the wildtype allele of SCA3 mutation carriers and of healthy controls, and was mainly influenced by the regional origin. In our cohort, no particular clinical phenotype was associated with any specific haplotype. Conclusions: Our results confirm distinct allocations of SNPs associated to the expanded ATXN3, and accordingly the consideration of allele-specific therapies.Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. This publication is an outcome of ESMI, an EU Joint Programme—Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND) project (see-www.jpnd.eu). The project is supported through the following funding organisations under the aegis of JPND: Germany, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; funding codes 01ED1602A/B); Netherlands, The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development; Portugal, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT); United Kingdom, Medical Research Council.SCA3PolymosphismSpinocerebellar ataxiaSNPAS

Progression of biological markers in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3: longitudinal analysis of prospective data from the ESMI cohort

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominantly inherited adult-onset disease. We aimed to describe longitudinal changes in clinical and biological findings and to identify predictors for clinical progression. Methods: We used data from participants enrolled in the ESMI cohort collected between Nov 09, 2016 and July 18, 2023. The data freeze included data from 14 sites in five European countries and the United States. We assessed ataxia with the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA). We measured disease-specific mutant ataxin-3 protein (ATXN3) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) in plasma and performed MRIs. Data were analysed by regression modelling on a timescale defined by onset. The onset of abnormality of a marker was defined as the time at which its value, as determined by modelling, exceeded the mean ± 2 SD of healthy controls. To study responsiveness of markers, we determined the sensitivity to change ratios (SCSs). Findings: Data from 291 SCA3 mutation carriers before and after clinical onset and 121 healthy controls were included. NfL levels became abnormal in SCA3 mutation carriers more than 20 years (-21.5 years [95% CI n.d.-9.5]) before onset. The earliest MRI abnormality was volume loss of medulla oblongata (-4.7 years [95% CI n.d.-3.3]). The responsiveness of markers depended on the disease stage. Across all stages, pons volume had the highest responsiveness with an SCS of 1.35 [95% CI 1.11-1.78] exceeding that of SARA (0.99 [95% CI 0.88-1.11]). In SCA3, lower age (p = 0.0459 [95% CI of slope change -0.0018 to 0.0000]) and lower medulla oblongata volume (p < 0.0001 [95% CI of slope change -0.0298 to -0.0115]) were predictors of SARA progression. Interpretation: Our study provides quantitative information on the progression of biological markers in SCA3 mutation carriers before and after onset of ataxia, and allowed the identification of predictors for clinical progression. Our data could prove useful for the design of future clinical trials.HEU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND) (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany; The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development; Foundation for Science and Technology, Portugal; Medical Research Council, Regional Fund for Science and Technology, Azores), and Servier. At the US sites this work was in part supported by the National Ataxia Foundation and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) grant R01NS080816

Relationship between impaired BMP signalling and clinical risk factors at early-stage vascular injury in the preterm infant

Chronic lung disease, that is, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication in preterm infants and develops as a consequence of the misguided formation of the gas-exchange area undergoing prenatal and postnatal injury. Subsequent vascular disease and its progression into pulmonary arterial hypertension critically determines

miR-17, miR-19b, miR-20a, and miR-106a are down-regulated in human aging

Aging is a multifactorial process where deterioration of body functions is driven by stochastic damage while counteracted by distinct genetically encoded repair systems. To better understand the genetic component of aging, many studies have addressed the gene and protein expression profiles of various aging model systems engaging different organisms from yeast to human. The recently identified small non-coding miRNAs are potent post-transcriptional regulators that can modify the expression of up to several hundred target genes per single miRNA, similar to transcription factors. Increasing evidence shows that miRNAs contribute to the regulation of most if not all important physiological processes, including aging. However, so far the contribution of miRNAs to age-related and senescence-related changes in gene expression remains elusive. To address this question, we have selected four replicative cell aging models including endothelial cells, replicated CD8+ T cells, renal proximal tubular epithelial cells, and skin fibroblasts. Further included were three organismal aging models including foreskin, mesenchymal stem cells, and CD8+ T cell populations from old and young donors. Using locked nucleic acid-based miRNA microarrays, we identified four commonly regulated miRNAs, miR-17 down-regulated in all seven; miR-19b and miR-20a, down-regulated in six models; and miR-106a down-regulated in five models. Decrease in these miRNAs correlated with increased transcript levels of some established target genes, especially the cdk inhibitor p21/CDKN1A. These results establish miRNAs as novel markers of cell aging in humans

EVALUATION OF WATER STRESS AND CO-INOCULATION OF AZOSPIRILLUM BRASILENSE AND RHIZOBIUM TROPICI IN BEANS (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.)

Climate change has caused major changes in abiotic factors, with water stress as the greatest threat to agricultural production. The measures aimed at alleviating the problems caused by this limiting production factor have occurred through the adoption of sustainable strategies, especially microbial biotechnology, which uses the interactions between the microorganism and the plant, ensuring productive quality and inducing plant resistance to stresses biotic and abiotic. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the biological nitrogen fixation and the development of bean seedlings, with co-inoculation of two types of inoculants, which were subjected to water stress by different pot capacities. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, at Universidade Paranaense - UNIPAR, from April to June 2019. The experimental design was completely randomized (DIC), with 5 replications, 16 treatments and 80 experimental units. The cultivar used was SCS Riqueza. The parameters evaluated were pot capacity (25%, 50%, 75% and 90%); small, large and total nodules, shoot and root length, dry and fresh weight, total carbon and nitrogen. The evaluation of the morphological parameters of the bean seedlings indicated that the co-inoculation technique promoted beneficial effects for the dry mass parameters of shoot, nodule and root. The analysis of the percentage of carbon and nitrogen in the tissues of the seedlings provided an increase in the concentration of these elements in treatments that involved co-inoculation (Azospirillum brasilensis and Rhizobium tropici) with pot capacities of 25 and 75% (CV), demonstrating that the association of microorganisms is beneficial in the limiting water situation

Regional distribution of polymorphisms associated to the disease-causing gene of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3

Introduction: Knowledge about the distribution and frequency of the respective haplotypes on the wildtype and mutant allele is highly relevant in the context of future gene therapy clinical studies in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3, the most common autosomal dominantly inherited ataxia. Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated to the disease-causing gene, ATXN3, have been determined. We wanted to investigate the frequency and regional distribution of two intragenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a large European SCA3 cohort and their relation to the clinical phenotype. Methods: The genotypes of the two polymorphisms at base pair positions 987 and 1118 of the ATXN3 were determined for their co-localization on the normal and expanded allele, respectively, in 286 SCA3 mutation carriers and 117 healthy controls from 11 European sites. Results: The distribution of genotypes on the expanded allele differed from those of the wildtype allele of SCA3 mutation carriers and of healthy controls, and was mainly influenced by the regional origin. In our cohort, no particular clinical phenotype was associated with any specific haplotype. Conclusions: Our results confirm distinct allocations of SNPs associated to the expanded ATXN3, and accordingly the consideration of allele-specific therapies.</p

Temperature Dependence of Oxygen Diffusion into Clay-Doped PS Films

Fluorescence technique was employed for the measurement of the diffusion coefficient of oxygen into polystyrene (PS) latex/modified Na-activated bentonite (MNaLB) clay composite films. Three different MNaLB content (0, 5, and 20 wt%) composite films were prepared from PS/MNaLB mixtures by annealing them at 200 degrees C, above the glass transition temperature of PS for 10 min. To determine the diffusivity of oxygen in PS/MNaLB composite films, diffusion measurements were performed over the temperature range from 25 to 70 degrees C. Pyrene (P) was used as the fluorescent agent. The diffusion coefficients (D) of oxygen were determined by combining the fluorescence quenching method with Fickian transport model, and were found as a function of temperature for each MNaLB content film. The results showed that D values are strongly dependent on both temperature and clay content in composite film. It was also observed that D coefficients obey Arrhenius behavior, from where diffusion activation energies were measured. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:77-82, 2010. (C) 2009 Society of Plastics Engineer