Proposal of dental demineralization diagnosis with OCT echo based on multiscale entropy analysis

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been widely used for the diagnosis of dental demineralization. Most methods rely on extracting optical features from OCT echoes for evaluation or diagnosis. However, due to the diversity of biological samples and the complexity of tissues, the separability and robustness of extracted optical features are inadequate, resulting in a low diagnostic efficiency. Given the widespread utilization of entropy analysis in examining signals from biological tissues, we introduce a dental demineralization diagnosis method using OCT echoes, employing multiscale entropy analysis. Three multiscale entropy analysis methods were used to extract features from the OCT one-dimensional echo signal of normal and demineralized teeth, and a probabilistic neural network (PNN) was used for dental demineralization diagnosis. By comparing diagnostic efficiency, diagnostic speed, and parameter optimization dependency, the multiscale dispersion entropy-PNN (MDE-PNN) method was found to have comprehensive advantages in dental demineralization diagnosis with a diagnostic efficiency of 0.9397. Compared with optical feature-based dental demineralization diagnosis methods, the entropy features-based analysis had better feature separability and higher diagnostic efficiency, and showed its potential in dental demineralization diagnosis with OCT

精巣腫瘍と鑑別が困難であった陰嚢内嚢胞性腫瘤の2例とその類縁疾患に関する文献的考察

症例1:39歳, 男性.15年前から徐徐に増大したが放置した.2004年5 月に当院を受診した.腫瘤は径15cmで両側精管と左精巣を触れるが右精巣を触れない.腫瘍マーカーは正常範囲内であった.CTでは造影効果を認めない陰嚢内嚢胞性病変を認めた.右高位精巣摘除術を施行した.手術では腫瘤の剥離は容易であった.摘出標本は厚い皮膜に覆われた嚢胞性病変で中身はチョコレートソース様の液体で満たされていた.病理診断は陳旧性血瘤であった.症例2:50歳, 男性.2年前から徐徐に陰嚢内容が増大したが放置した.2004年, 当科を受診した.腫癌は6cmほどで両側の精管をふれ右の精巣も触れるが左の精巣をふれない, 腫瘍マーカーは正常範囲内であった.CTでは造影効果を認めない陰嚢内の嚢胞性病変を認めた.左高位精巣摘除術を施行した.手術では腫瘤の剥離は容易であった.摘出標本は厚い被膜に覆われた嚢胞性病変で中身は透明な黄色の液体で満たされていた.病理診断は慢性精巣上体炎と壁肥厚を伴った陰嚢水腫であった.われわれは精巣腫瘍と鑑別が困難な外傷性の陳旧性血瘤と壁肥厚を伴った陰嚢水腫を経験した.それらを臨床的・病理組織学的に比較し, それらの類縁と思われる疾患について文献的に考察した(著者抄録)A 39-year-old man had a 15-year history of an enlarging, firm, nontender mass on the right side of the scrotum after perineal trauma. Right high inguinal orchiectomy was performed, and the histopathological diagnosis was chronic hematocele. A 50-year-old man had a 2-year history of an enlarging, firm, nontender mass on the left side of the scrotum. Left high inguinal orchiectomy was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was a thick membranous hydrocele associated with chronic epididymitis. There were various clinical and histopathological similarities between the two cases. We discuss other intrascrotal cystic masses similar to our cases along with a review of the literature