A Novel Neurotrophic Drug for Cognitive Enhancement and Alzheimer's Disease

Currently, the major drug discovery paradigm for neurodegenerative diseases is based upon high affinity ligands for single disease-specific targets. For Alzheimer's disease (AD), the focus is the amyloid beta peptide (Aß) that mediates familial Alzheimer's disease pathology. However, given that age is the greatest risk factor for AD, we explored an alternative drug discovery scheme that is based upon efficacy in multiple cell culture models of age-associated pathologies rather than exclusively amyloid metabolism. Using this approach, we identified an exceptionally potent, orally active, neurotrophic molecule that facilitates memory in normal rodents, and prevents the loss of synaptic proteins and cognitive decline in a transgenic AD mouse model

Anatomical Overview and Imaging of the Aorta and Visceral Arteries

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Thoracotomy compared to laparotomy in the traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. Systematic review and proportional methanalysis

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the most used approach to treat traumatic diaphragmatic ruptures, and in which one the requirement to assess the second cavity is more frequent. Methods: Systematic review, observational studies. Outcomes: moment of approach, most commonly via addressed and the requirement to open the other cavity. Bases searched: Lilacs, Pubmed, Embase, Clinicaltrials.gov and Web of Science. Statistical analysis: StatsDirect 3.0.121 software. Results: Sixty eight studies (2023 participants) were included. Approach in acute phase was performed four times more than in chronic phase. Approach: abdominal 65% (IC 95% 63-67%), thoracic 23% (IC 95% 21-24%), abdominal in the acute phase 75% (IC 95% 71-78%), and chronic 24% (IC 95% 19-29%), thoracic in the acute phase 12% (IC 95% 10-14%) and chronic 69% (IC 95% 63-74%). Thorax opening in the abdominal approach: 10% (95% CI 8-14%). Abdomen opening in the thoracic approach: 15% (95% CI 7-24%). Conclusions: The most common approach was the abdominal. The approach in the acute phase was more common. In the acute phase the abdominal approach is more frequent than the thoracic approach. In the chronic phase the thoracic approach is more frequent than the abdominal one. The requirement to open the second cavity was similar in both approaches

Experiências e tendências internacionais de modelos de cuidado para com o idoso International experiences and trends in health care models for the elderly

A profunda transformação socioeconômica do Brasil é impulsionada, inclusive, pela mudança demográfica. Gastos em saúde aumentarão devido ao aumento da população idosa e ao maior uso dos serviços de saúde. A Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar publicou uma resolução que incentiva a participação de beneficiários de planos de saúde em programas de envelhecimento ativo, com a possibilidade de descontos nas mensalidades. Assim, idosos passam a receber benefícios pecuniários para aderir a programas de saúde preventiva e de detecção precoce de doenças. Avaliamos as perspectivas nos Estados Unidos e no Reino Unido, analisando seus erros e acertos, aprendizado que talvez permita a formulação de ações de saúde mais adequadas para nossos idosos e com melhor relação custo-benefício. Este artigo de Opinião visa demonstrar às operadoras brasileiras que é hora de mudar e estimular a discussão sobre a necessidade de novas estratégias. O foco criativo deve ser dirigido ao cuidado dos idosos, que são os que mais sofrem os efeitos de sua própria fragilidade e os que mais demandam serviços de saúde.<br>The profound socio-economic transformation occurring in Brazil is also driven by the demographic changes. Health expenditures will increase due to the aging population and increased use of health services. The National Agency for Supplementary Health published a resolution that encourages the participation of beneficiaries in health insurance programs for active aging, with the possibility of discounts in fees. Thus, the elderly now receive cash benefits to adhere to preventive health programs and early detection of diseases. We assessed the programs in the U.S. and UK, analyzing their successes and failings, which may assist in the formulation of health policies that are more appropriate and more cost-effective for the Brazilian elderly. This Opinion article seeks to demonstrate to Brazilian operators that it is time to change and to elicit discussions about the need for new strategies. A creative focus should be directed to the care of the elderly, who are the ones who suffer the effects of their own weakness and demand more health services