Geometrical Localization Algorithm for 3-D Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we propose an efficient range free localization scheme for large scale three dimensional wireless sensor networks. Our system environment consists of two type of sensors, randomly deployed static sensors and global positioning system equipped moving sensors. These moving anchors travels across the network field and broadcast their current locations on specified intervals. As soon as the sensors which are deployed in random fashion receives three beacon messages (known locations broadcasted by anchors), they computes their locations automatically by using our proposed algorithm. One of our significant contributions is, we use only three different beacon messages to localize one sensor, while in the best of our knowledge, all previously proposed methods use at least four different known locations. The ability of our method to localize by using only three known locations not only saves computation, time, energy, but also reduces the number of anchors needed to be deployed and more importantly reduces the communication overheads. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed scheme improves the overall efficiency of localization process significantly. Important Note: Final version of this paper is accepted and published by Journal of Wireless Personal Communication, Springer : June, 2014 The final version of publication is available at link.springer.com Link: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007\%2Fs11277-014-1852-6Comment: Journal of Wireless Personal Communication, Springer : June, 2014, The final version of publication is available at link.springer.com Link: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11277-014-1852-

An Investigation to Review the Impact of Dividend on Share Prices of Indian Companies

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Clinical and microbiological profile of pneumonia in severe acute malnourished children

Background: It is estimated that 57 million children are underweight (moderate and severe) in India. More than 50% of deaths in 0-4 years are associated with malnutrition. Pneumonia is common in malnourished children and is frequently associated with fatal outcome, especially in children younger than 24 months of age. The aim and objectives was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological profile of pneumonia in severe acute malnourished children.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 60 severe acute malnourished children admitted at Department of Pediatrics, SSG Hospital Vadodara.Results: Most of the admitted children belonged to rural and tribal areas (81.7%). Children in the age group of 1-3 years were more prone to develop very severe pneumonia (51.7%). Blood culture yield was 80%. Most common isolate was Staphylococcal Aureus which was isolated in 16.6% of the patients.Conclusions: We concluded at the end of the study that malnourished children were prone to develop more severe pneumonia, required aggressive antibiotic usage as the causative organisms were strikingly different as compared to well-nourished children and needed a longer hospital stay

Study of risk factors, clinical profile, and outcome in meconium-stained deliveries

Background: The presence of meconium in amniotic fluid is a serious sign of fetal distress which leads to an increase in neonatal mortality. Objective: The objective of this study was to study the risk factors, clinical profile, and outcome of babies born through meconium-stained fluid. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted during the period from February 2018 to October 2018 at neonatal unit of a tertiary care hospital. All live babies delivered through meconium-stained liquor were included in this study. Routine investigations such as complete blood count and C-reactive protein were done in all the patients. All the variables were analyzed with the help of the Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: A total of 606 meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) babies were included in the study. Most of the MSAF babies were term, appropriate for gestational age babies. The number of babies delivered through the lower segment cesarean section was 61.7%. Fetal distress was present in 23.2% of the cases. Otherwise, the most common risk factor associated with MSAF was pre-eclampsia (5.9%). A total of 58.2% of babies developed respiratory distress after birth; other morbidities associated were convulsion, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, sepsis, shock, hypoglycemia, and hyperbilirubinemia. In the present study, total mortality in MSAF babies was 12%. Babies who expired had severe meconium aspiration syndrome. Duration of hospital stay was <7 days in 83.9% of the neonates, of which 14% expired and 85% were discharged. All the mortalities in our study except one occurred within 7 days of life. Conclusion: MSAF is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in neonates. Mortality was more in non-vigorous babies and in those who developed severe meconium aspiration syndrome and pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Other morbidities did not have a strong association with MSAF

Knowledge, attitude, and practice study among healthcare workers, during COVID-19 pandemic in an aspiring district of Uttar Pradesh

Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Till date there is no antiviral treatment or vaccine has been developed for COVID-19. Primary preventive measures include regular hand washing, social distancing and respiratory etiquettes are only proven methods till date.Methods: A type of questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted among the healthcare workers (HCWs) of Maharaja Suheldev Autonomous State Medical College, Bahraich.Results: In this predominantly uneducated and socially backward area, majority of participants had knowledge about COVID-19 precautionary measures and most of them are confident of winning over the disease; 77.5% were confident of successfully controlling the disease, yet maximum healthcare workers took seriously the precautionary measures.Conclusions: Good COVID-19 knowledge is associated with optimistic attitudes and appropriate practices towards COVID-19, suggesting that health education programs aimed at improving COVID-19 knowledge are helpful for encouraging an optimistic attitude and maintaining safe practices

Study of clinical profile of childhood extra pulmonary tuberculosis

Background: Tuberculosis is the second most common cause of death from infectious disease at the global level, being second only to AIDS. Good data on the burden of all forms of TB amongst children in India is not available; most surveys conducted have focused on pulmonary TB. The present study was designed to study clinical profile of various forms of childhood EPTB. Objective of current study was to study clinico-epidemiological profile of various forms of childhood EPTB.Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical profile of 100 patients of childhood EPTB in the age group of 6 months to 12 years.Results: Age distribution in our study showed that 62% cases falling in the age 0-5 years and 38% cases in 5-12 years (P = 0.041) with male to female ratio of 1.9:1. 96% (P = 0.016) of the patients belonged to the lower socio-economic class (P = 0.01). The distribution of EPTB was - TBME (46%), disseminated TB (21%), pleural effusion (12%), abdominal TB (10%), TB lymphadenitis (7%), Osteoarticular (4%). 28% of the patients had mild to moderate malnutrition (PEM Grade-I,II)  and 46% (PEM Grade-III,IV) were severely malnourished. 66% of the patient were BCG vaccinated & history of  Koch’s contact were present in 28% of the all cases. In CNS tuberculosis, fever was present in 97% followed by altered sensorium & convulsion in 80%, tonic posturing in 60% & abnormal movements in 4% and in most common sign was tonic posturing in 60%, crack pot sign positive in 41%. In abdominal tuberculosis - fever (100%), anorexia (90%), weight loss (80%) abdominal pain (50%) & hepatomegaly was common finding seen in 100% of abdominal tuberculosis.Conclusion: Childhood EPTB is commonly seen in children age more than 1 year, lower socioeconomic class & in severely malnourished. CNS tuberculosis commonly present with fever, altered sensorium, convulsion, abnormal movements while abdominal TB present with fever, anorexia, weight loss & abdominal pain

Fertility response in subclinical endometritic Murrah buffaloes treated with different therapeutic regimens

The present study was planned to study the therapeutic efficacy of different therapeutic regimes for enhancing uterine immunity and fertility response in Murrah buffaloes suffering from sub-clinical endometritis. Thirty postpartum buffaloes (28 to 45 days postpartum) found positive for sub-clinical endometritis by endometrial cytology in various dairy farms of Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh) were included in the study. These animals were randomly divided into five treatment (n=06/group) and were subjected to different treatment regimen. Group 1 animals were intramuscularly injected with 500 mcg cloprostenol, Group 2 animals were given 500 mcg Cloprostenol intramuscularly + 500 mg single intrauterine infusion of cephapirin benzathin, Group 3 animals were given single intrauterine infusion of 100 mcg E. coli LPS in 30 ml sterile PBS solution, Group 3 animals were given single intrauterine infusion of 500 mg Oyster glycogen in 30 ml sterile PBS solution and Group IV animals were given single intrauterine infusion of 0.25% Lugol’s iodine (20 ml). All the 30 buffaloes were tracked for next successive oestrus and were again subjected to endometrial cytology and were bred by natural service and confirmed for pregnancy between 35 to 60 days post-breeding by trans-rectal ultrasonography. The pre-treatment PMN percent varied significantly (P<0.05) between treatment groups. Significant decline (P<0.05) in post-treatment PMN percent was observed in all the treatment groups. The first service pregnancy rate was found to be highest (66.67%) in Group 3 and 4. Whereas overall pregnancy rate was higher (83.33%) in treatment Groups 2, 3 and 4

A study of postnatal foot length to determine gestational maturity in neonates

Background: Gestational age is a major determinant of newborn prognosis. Early identification of gestational age is a major priority to reduce global mortality from preterm birth. Therefore this study was conducted with an aim to find out an alternate simple, low cost and reliable method to identify accurate gestational ages.Methods: The cross sectional study was carried out at Rukmani Chainani Maternity and Neonatal Unit, SSGH and Medical College, Baroda from December 2019 to May 2020. Total 500 live newborns of different gestational ages within 72 hrs of birth which were appropriate for gestational age were enrolled in this study. Foot length, head circumference, crown heel length and weight were measured. Gestational age was estimated by antenatal USG, Ballard scoring and LMP. Correlation of foot length to gestational age and other anthropometric variables was done.Results: There was statistically significant positive correlation found between foot length and gestational age (correlation coefficient of 0.944 and p value of &lt;0.0001). There was also positive correlation found between foot length and weight, head circumference and length with correlation coefficient of 0.942, 0.888 and 0.906, respectively. Using ROC curve, foot length cut-off value of 7.2 cm can be used for identifying preterm babies with sensitivity of 94.4% and specificity of 95.6%. Regression equation for gestational age calculation was GA=6.669+4.0601[FL].Conclusions: This study had demonstrated that Foot length is a simple and reliable anthropometric measurement to assess gestational age and to screen prematurity. </jats:p