Investigation of capacitors and electrical circuit elements performance of magnetic biocomposites prepared by using the hemp biomass

Hemp biomass (HB) was brought into activated hemp biomass (AHB) by chemical technique and all samples were obtained by doping different nanoparticles. Structural, dielectric and magnetic characterizations for all samples were performed by using the XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, LCR Meter and PPMS at room temperature. The characteristics of both hemp biomass and nanoparticles in the structures of these samples were examined in detail. In addition to HB and AHB samples, the contribution of lignin and pectin characteristic bands to con-ductivity was investigated in AHB samples doped with Fe3O4, MgFe2O4 and SrFe2O4 nanoparticles. It has been determined that homogeneously dispersed nanoparticles contribute to surface area, crystallization and con-ductivity and these samples are technological products. It was determined that the samples could be used as batteries, and two electrical circuits simultaneously connected to the lignin and pectin structures of the activated hemp biomass (AHB) doped with different types of nanoparticles were obtained from the Smith-Chart diagram

Determination of Anaerobic and Anoxic Biodegradation Capacity of Sulfamethoxasole and the Effects on Mixed Microbial Culture

status: publishe

Pentoxifylline May Restore Kanamycin-Induced Renal Damage in Rats

Background: Kidney damage can be caused by many factors, such as using certain drugs in high doses or over the longterm. The use of one such group of drugs, aminoglycosides, which act as Gram-negative antibacterial therapeutic agents,can lead to nephrotoxicity. It has been hypothesized that aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity might be prevented byusing pentoxifylline, which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and improves microcirculation. The objectiveof this present research was to determine the protective effects of pentoxifylline on kanamycin-induced kidney damage.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into four groups as follows: control, pentoxifylline,kanamycin, and kanamycin + pentoxifylline. The control group received intraperitoneal (IP) injections of 0.5 mL normalsaline solution once a day (d) (SID) for 20 d; the pentoxifylline group received IP injections of 50 mg/kg pentoxifyllinetwice a day (BID) for 20 d, the kanamycin group received subcutaneous (SC) injections of 500 mg/kg kanamycin SID for20 d, and the kanamycin + pentoxifylline group received both SC injections of 500 mg/kg kanamycin SID and IP injectionsof 50 mg/kg pentoxifylline BID for 20 d. At the end of 20 d, blood samples were taken from the heart by cardiac punctureunder general anesthesia. After euthanizing the rats by cervical dislocation under anesthesia, the kidneys were immediatelyremoved, relative kidney weights were calculated, and routine pathologic evaluations were conducted. Hemogramparameters were measured using a blood cell count apparatus and serum biochemical parameters were measured usingan autoanalyzer. Kanamycin also caused (P < 0.05) tubular degeneration and tubular dilatation. Although pentoxifyllinesignificantly reduced the level of kanamycin-induced tubular degeneration (P < 0.05), it did not significantly reduce tubulardilatation. Increases in relative kidney weights (P < 0.05) and in interstitial mononuclear cell (MNC) infiltrates wereobserved in the kanamycin and kanamycin + pentoxifylline groups compared to those in the control and pentoxifyllinegroups. Statistically significant changes were determined in the levels of some hemogram and biochemical parameterswithin reference ranges (P < 0.05).Discussion: In this study, both tubular degeneration and dilatation were observed in the kanamycin group. Pentoxifyllineinhibited (P < 0.05) kanamycin-induced tubular degeneration and appeared to also reduce tubular dilatation, although thisreduction was not significant. Tubular necrosis, epithelial edema of proximal tubules, tubular fibrosis, and perivascularinflammation might also be observed in aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity. In current research, pentoxifylline preventedtubular damage induced by kanamycin, but did not inhibit infiltration by MNCs. Pentoxifylline also amelioratedamikacin- or gentamycin-induced histopathologic changes, especially those associated with tubular structures. The protectiveeffects of pentoxifylline on kanamycin-induced tubular nephrotoxicity in this research might be a result of its stimulatingthe production of prostaglandin, a vasodilator, and of its improving microcirculation. Although the anti-inflammatoryeffects of pentoxifylline have been reported, these did not inhibit kanamycin-induced infiltration by interstitial MNCs inthe present study. These results could indicate that the anti-inflammatory effects of pentoxifylline are not obvious and/orare dose dependent. Statistically significantly changes were determined in the levels of some hemogram and biochemicalparameters in reference ranges. However, these changes were within the reference ranges for rats. These results suggestedthat kanamycin-induced tubular degeneration and dilatation might be prevented by administering pentoxifylline

The therapeutic potential of amifostine on cyclophosphamide-induced testicular dysfunction in rats: An experimental study

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a well-known alkylating anticancer agent used in the treatment of various malignant and non-malignant tumors. CP may also cause a variety of adverse effects, including reproductive toxicity. Amifostine is known as a cytoprotective drug having antioxidant properties. Objective: To evaluate the possible beneficial effects of amifostine on testicular toxicity induced by CP in rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 35 Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this experimental study. The CP group animals received a single dose of 200 mg/kg CP on Day 8 by intraperitoneal injection and were left untreated for the following seven days. The two remaining groups of animals were treated with 200 mg/kg/day amifostine (AMF 200) and 400 mg/kg/day amifostine (AMF 400) for seven days prior to and following a single intraperitoneal injection of CP. Morphometrical analysis and histological examination of testicular tissue were performed. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone levels were measured in serum using commercial ELISA kits. The epidydimal sperm count was determined. Results: The tubular epithelial height in the testis was significantly higher in the AMF400 group compared to other groups (p < 0.001). Animals in the AMF400 group showed minimal debris in the tubules, no Sertoli cell damage, and the Johnsen scores were slightly higher in the AMF400 group. The epididymal sperm count was significantly lower in the CP-administered animals compared to the control animals and was significantly higher in the AMF200 and AMF400 groups compared to the CP group (p = 0.006, and p = 0.019 respectively). Conclusion: Amifostine, at a dose of 400 mg/kg, may have a protective effect on testicular damage induced by CP in rats

Effect of body size on plasma and tissue pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

© 2024, by the authors. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Animals. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14223302 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/Danofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic approved for use in fish. It can be used for bacterial infections in fish of all body sizes. However, physiological differences in fish depending on size may change the pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin and therefore its therapeutic efficacy. In this study, the change in the pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in rainbow trout of various body sizes was revealed for the first time. The objective of this investigation was to compare the plasma and tissue pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in rainbow trout of different body sizes. The study was conducted at 14 ± 0.5 ◦C in fish of small, medium, and large body size and danofloxacin was administered orally at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Concentrations of this antimicrobial in tissues and plasma were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector. The plasma elimination half-life (t1/2Lz), volume of distribution (Vdarea/F), total clearance (CL/F), peak concentration (Cmax), and area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC0–last) were 27.42 h, 4.65 L/kg, 0.12 L/h/kg, 2.53 μg/mL, and 82.46 h·μg/mL, respectively. Plasma t1/2Lz, AUC0–last and Cmax increased concomitantly with trout growth, whereas CL/F and Vdarea/F decreased. Concentrations in liver, kidney, and muscle tissues were higher than in plasma. Cmax and AUC0–last were significantly higher in large sizes compared to small and medium sizes in all tissues. The scaling factor in small, medium, and large fish was 1.0 for bacteria with MIC thresholds of 0.57, 0.79, and 1.01 μg/mL, respectively. These results show that therapeutic efficacy increases with body size. However, since increases in danofloxacin concentration in tissues of large fish may affect withdrawal time, attention should be paid to the risk of tissue residue

Crystallographic, structural, optical, and dielectric properties of aniline and aniline halide imprinted hydrogels for optoelectronic applications

This study examines the availability of aniline and aniline halide imprinted hydrogels for technological applications through crystallographic, structural, optical, and dielectric studies. Their optical band gap and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectra have been performed in the wavelength range of 190-900 nm. The dielectric properties, energy loss tangent/ dissipation factor (tand), and complex electric modulus were characterized at room temperature and a frequency range of 100 Hz to 100 MHz. The results suggest that the complex dielectric constant and modulus are related to Kroop's theory, Brownian motion in viscoelastic systems, and Maxwell-Wagner theory. Conductivity parameters and negative s-parameter values were obtained, providing insight into the conductivity mechanism of the samples. The Cole-Davidson plots of the complex dielectric constant and the Cole-Davidson plots adapted to Smith Chart diagrams were obtained to observe the sufficiency of the samples in electronic circuit applications. Overall, the study provides a detailed analysis of the dielectric, morphological, and optical properties of aniline and aniline halide imprinted hydrogels, demonstrating their potential for technological applications

THE RELATION OF GEOGENIC AND ANTROPHOGENIC FACTORS WITH BLOOD AND HAIR LEAD AND ARSENIC LEVELS IN WOMEN LIVING IN CAN AND BAYRAMIC DISTRICTS OF CANAKKALE PROVINCE

Objective: Mining areas and associated industrial activities carry considerable risks for human health due to multi-pathway exposure of heavy metals such as arsenic and lead. The objective of this study was to compare arsenic and lead levels it human blood and hair samples in all industrial mining area in northwestern Turkey with that of non-exposed group demonstrating similar sociocultural characteristics. Material and Method: The population of the study consisted of 674 nonsmoker women over the age of 40 who were selected on random basis from mine region and control area. Venous blood samples were taken and analyzed fur blood lead and arsenic levels in all participants. Hair samples were later collected from 108 women with high levels in blood samples. Results: The results showed that the highest prevalence of occurrences was found in district centers whereas relatively lower values were observed in the villages. Hail arsenic and lead levels were comparably higher in the industrialized area (can Region) where low-quality coal combustion used in power generation and residential heating were dominant. Conclusion: Although high correlations were not found, blood and hair arsenic and lead levels in individuals living in industrial in agricultural areas were found to he high at levels influencing the human health On the other hand, these results should be further supported and verified with advanced and long duration monitoring activities

Equivalent device and optical band gaps analysis of acidic red dye imprinted hydrogels

Structural, optical and dielectric properties of high quality hydrogels with different doses acidic red dye imprinted were successfully analyzed in detail in this work into provide important information about the technological applications. Absorbance spectra and their energy band gaps for the acidic red dye imprinted hydrogels have been analyzed with UV spectroscopy. The complex dielectric constant, the tangent/dissipation factor (tan delta), the complex impedance, the capacitance and the complex electric modulus were measured in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 40 MHz at room temperature. It has been determined that the peak values of the tangent value in the AR doped samples in the high frequency region are due to the anionic dye effect, unlike the cationic dye doped samples. The dominant effects such as the complex dielectric constant and electric modulus in high frequency region for acidic red dye imprinted hydrogels have been attributed to the Maxwell-Wagner theory, the basis of Kroop's approach and the ionic conductivity. Experimental plane plots (Cole-Cole plots) of the complex dielectric constant, impedance and electric modulus for different doses acidic red dye imprinted hydrogels were obtained. In order to analyze the suitability of the samples for electrical circuit applications, the equivalent electrical circuit corresponding to the Cole-Cole plots for the complex electric modulus was calculated and adapted with Smith Chart

Structural, morphological and dielectrical properties of acorn cupule extract doped hydrogels

Acorn cupule extract doped different hydrogels were prepared to examine their structural morphological and dielectrical properties at room temperature. Structural, morphological and dielectrical parameters for all samples were found by using the XRD, SEM, EDX and impedance spectroscopy. The conductivity, capacitive effect and electronic circuit properties for acorn cupule extract doped hydrogels have not studied before in the literature. Therefore, the complex impedance, capacitance, phase angles, dielectric constant, tangent factor, electric modulus and frequency evolution of ionic conductivity (s -parameters) were successfully analyzed in detail using impedance spectroscopy in the frequency range of 10 2 to 10 7 rad/s at RT. Furthermore, the Cole -Cole plots of the dielectric constant adapted to the Smith chart and general RC equivalent circuit was showed in detail. It was determined that the dielectric effect was at its highest values in the frequency range of 10 2 to 10 5 rad/s.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Ni.gdeOmer Halisdemir University [FMT 2022/18-LUTEP]This work was financially supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Ni.gdeOmer Halisdemir University with Project No.: FMT 2022/18-LUTE

Ozone Therapy and Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment in Lung Injury in Septic Rats

Various therapeutic protocols were used for the management of sepsis including hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy. It has been shown that ozone therapy (OT) reduced inflammation in several entities and exhibits some similarity with HBO in regard to mechanisms of action. We designed a study to evaluate the efficacy of OT in an experimental rat model of sepsis to compare with HBO. Male Wistar rats were divided into sham, sepsis+cefepime, sepsis+cefepime+HBO, and sepsis+cefepime+OT groups. Sepsis was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli; HBO was administered twice daily; OT was set as intraperitoneal injections once a day. The treatments were continued for 5 days after the induction of sepsis. At the end of experiment, the lung tissues and blood samples were harvested for biochemical and histological analysis. Myeloperoxidase activities and oxidative stress parameters, and serum proinflammatory cytokine levels, IL-1β and TNF-α, were found to be ameliorated by the adjuvant use of HBO and OT in the lung tissue when compared with the antibiotherapy only group. Histologic evaluation of the lung tissue samples confirmed the biochemical outcome. Our data presented that both HBO and OT reduced inflammation and injury in the septic rats' lungs; a greater benefit was obtained for OT. The current study demonstrated that the administration of OT as well as HBO as adjuvant therapy may support antibiotherapy in protecting the lung against septic injury. HBO and OT reduced tissue oxidative stress, regulated the systemic inflammatory response, and abated cellular infiltration to the lung demonstrated by findings of MPO activity and histopathologic examination. These findings indicated that OT tended to be more effective than HBO, in particular regarding serum IL-1β, lung GSH-Px and histologic outcome