Phylogeographic Structure of the Fossorial Long-Clawed Mouse Chelemys macronyx (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae)

We present a phylogeographic study of the fossorial sigmodontine mouse Chelemys macronyx. Analyses were based on mitochondrial DNA sequences of specimens collected over most of distributional range of the species. Results showed that C. macronyx has a shallow genealogy that is geographically structured into 2 main clades: one in the northern part of the species distribution, at high-Andean localities in the Argentinean provinces of Mendoza and northern Neuquén, and the other covering the majority of its distributional range at medium- to low-elevation localities from northwestern Neuquén to the south. The northern clade appears to have been demographically stable, while the southern clade presents signals of demographic expansion. These results suggest that current genetic variation of C. macronyx may have originated from 2 refugia.Fil: Alarcón, Oriet. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: D'elía, Guillermo. Universidad Austral de Chile; Chile. Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia; ChileFil: Lessa, Enrique P.. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Ciencias; UruguayFil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentin

Comparative Landowner Property Defenses Against Eminent Domain

This thesis evaluated the eminent domain laws of the top-ranking nations in property rights based on the World Economic Forum’s Executive Opinion Survey: Singapore, New Zealand, and Switzerland. The United States is not top-ranking in property rights and serves as the base comparator given its history and jurisprudence on property. The thesis results prove the imprecision in measuring property rights without evaluating the substantive legal protections and the perceptions of the Survey participants. Switzerland appears to have the strongest quality and quantity of property safeguards. Switzerland is a federation with a long-standing history of subnational governments protecting landowner rights, similar to the United States. Switzerland may serve as the model eminent domain jurisdiction for civil code countries with parliamentary supremacy, and the U.S. may serve as the model jurisdiction for common law countries with constitutional supremacy. Although lacking in unamendable substantive protections, New Zealand and Singapore demonstrate that general property rights are not a prerequisite to legislating a stable, equitable eminent domain process that would mitigate the displacement of landowners. They introduce the baseline protections for common law or civil law countries, given how many judges enforce the eminent domain legislation without a challenge. The numerical value given to the top-ranking countries in the World Economic Forum’s Executive Opinion Survey insufficiently reflects the substantive legal protections between other higher-performing countries. The specific numerical value awarded to each country should be given less persuasive authority in making nuanced comparisons on property rights between countries when the Survey is the primary data source of the comparison

La praxis teatral y dancística: estrategia pedagógica para el mejoramiento de la convivencia escolar

The research is oriented to the development of social, communicative and civic competences from the theatrical and dance practice in the students of the I.E. INEM Miguel Antonio Caro, with the purpose of contributing to an improvement in school coexistence, as an index of educational quality. From the direct observation of the theatrical and dance practice in the educational institution, it was possible to detect the pertinence and need to reorient this artistic and pedagogical process towards the reflection of a convivial environment affected by conflicts that have their origin in the familiar, social and economic, with the purpose of transforming the contextual reality. Theater and dance due to its dialectical character and collective construction generates critical thinking processes in front of the immediate context, providing an opportunity to collectively create strategies to resolve school conflicts and favoring in the student’s social skills and values that contribute to a society more just and in harmony. Through a pedagogical intervention from the theatrical and dance practice, which involves the socialization of collective creation carried out by the students based on themes of common interest: Bullying, drug addiction, alcoholism, interfamily violence and others, a process of Reflection in the whole community on these problems and strategies of conflict resolution and prevention of them are proposed.La Investigación está orientada al desarrollo de competencias sociales, comunicativas y ciudadanas desde la práctica teatral y dancística en los estudiantes de la I.E. INEM Miguel Antonio Caro, con el propósito de contribuir a una mejora en la convivencia escolar, como índice de calidad educativa. A partir de la observación directa de la práctica teatral y dancística en la institución educativa, se pudo detectar la pertinencia y necesidad de reorientar este proceso artístico y pedagógico hacia la reflexión de un entorno convivencial afectado por conflictos que tienen su origen en lo familiar, social y económico, con el propósito de transformar la realidad contextual. El teatro y la danza debido a su carácter dialéctico y desde la construcción colectiva genera procesos de pensamiento crítico frente al contexto inmediato, brindando oportunidad de crear colectivamente estrategias de resolución de los conflictos escolares y favoreciendo en los discentes habilidades sociales y valores que aportan a una sociedad más justa y en armonía. Mediante una intervención pedagógica desde la práctica teatral y dancística, que involucra la socialización de creación colectiva realizada por los estudiantes con base en temas de interés común: el bullying, la drogadicción, el alcoholismo, la violencia intrafamiliar y otros, se logra un proceso de reflexión en toda la comunidad sobre estas problemáticas y se plantean estrategias de resolución de conflictos y prevención de los mismos

Los juegos grupales como estrategia pedagógica para disminuir las conductas agresivas en los estudiantes de nivelación de la I.E.D Santamaría de Barranquilla

Especialización en Estudios PedagógicosThis work is a result of the investigation“THE GROUP GAMES LIKE PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGIES TO DECREASE LEVELING STUDENT’S AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR AT INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA DISTRITAL SANTAMARÍA, FROM BARRANQUILLA.”Whose main goal is to consolidate pedagogical process that let strengthen the educative labor in a more responsible and compromised way. Contributing to the good living together into the institutions. Promoting an institutional good living together is a priority, that’s why the group games, interest focus in this research, can be developed at schools. The practice of scheduling activities like the games helps to the social well- being. For that reason, this is an ethnographical research with a qualitative approach whose paradigm is critical- social. It means that all community participation it is necessary in the different activities that promote interaction, use of the pleasure time, body language and values to favor good living together and so a better qualified life. From this research springs up a proposal about a group game program to benefit the interaction and decrease the student’s aggressive behavior.El presente trabajo es fruto de la investigación “Los juegos grupales como estrategias pedagógicas para disminuir las conductas agresivas en los estudiantes de nivelación de la IED SANTAMARIA, DE BARRANQUILLA”. Cuyo propósito principal es consolidar procesos pedagógicos que permitan enriquecer la labor educativa de una forma más responsable y comprometida con el desarrollo de la vida y la sana convivencia al interior de las instituciones. La generación de una sana convivencia institucional es prioridad, y a partir de los juegos grupales, centro de interés de esta investigación se pueden desarrollar en las escuelas la práctica de actividades programadas conjuntas a través de juegos que promueven el bienestar social. Por ello esta investigación es de tipo etnográfica, con un enfoque cualitativo, cuyo paradigma es crítico- social, para lo cual es necesaria la participación de toda la comunidad educativa, en diferentes actividades que promuevan variables factores como la socialización, la utilización del tiempo libre, la expresión corporal, y valores que favorecen la sana convivencia y por ende una mejor calidad de vida. De esta investigación nace una propuesta de un programa de juegos grupales para favorecer la socialización y disminuir las conductas agresivas en la comunidad estudiantil

Accurate rapid averaging of multihue ensembles is due to a limited capacity subsampling mechanism

It is claimed that the extraction of average features from rapidly presented ensembles is holistic, with attention distributed across the whole set. We investigated whether observers’ extraction of mean hue is holistic or could reflect subsampling. Analysis of selections for the mean hue revealed a distribution that peaked at the expected mean hue. However, an ideal observer simulation suggested that a subsampling mechanism incorporating just two items from each ensemble would suffice to reproduce the precision of most observers. The results imply that hue may not be averaged as holistically and efficiently as other attributes

Exogenous spatial precuing reliably modulates object processing but not object substitution masking

Object substitution masking (OSM) is used in behavioral and imaging studies to investigate processes associated with the formation of a conscious percept. Reportedly, OSM occurs only when visual attention is diffusely spread over a search display or focused away from the target location. Indeed, the presumed role of spatial attention is central to theoretical accounts of OSM and of visual processing more generally (Di Lollo, Enns, & Rensink, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 129:481–507, 2000). We report a series of five experiments in which valid spatial precuing is shown to enhance the ability of participants to accurately report a target but, in most cases, without affecting OSM. In only one experiment (Experiment 5) was a significant effect of precuing observed on masking. This is in contrast to the reliable effect shown across all five experiments in which precuing improved overall performance. The results are convergent with recent findings from Argyropoulos, Gellatly, and Pilling (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 39:646–661, 2013), which show that OSM is independent of the number of distractor items in a display. Our results demonstrate that OSM can operate independently of focal attention. Previous claims of the strong interrelationship between OSM and spatial attention are likely to have arisen from ceiling or floor artifacts that restricted measurable performance