KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL ORANG DENGAN HIV-AIDS (ODHA)

Sampai saat ini masih banyak ditemukan adanya stigma negatif yang dibubuhkan kepada Orang dengan HIV-AIDS (ODHA) yang akhirnya mengakibatkan tak sedikit dari mereka harus menerima perlakuan yang kurang baik dari masyarakat di sekitar mereka. ODHA seakan menjadi kaum yang termarginalkan. Sedangkan di sisi lain, ODHA ingin kehadiran mereka diterima dengan baik di dalam masyarakat dan mereka dapat menerima hak dan kewajiban mereka sebagai anggota dari masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komunikasi interpersonal yang dilakukan antara ODHA dengan masyarakat di Kota Surakarta dalam upaya agar ODHA dapat menjalin interaksi sosial dengan masyarakat di Kota Surakarta. Tak hanya itu saja, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung serta faktor penghambat ODHA dalam upaya menjalin interaksi sosial yang bersifat positif dengan masyarakat di Kota Surakarta melalui komunikasi interpersonal. Penelitian yang mengambil lokasi di wilayah Kota Surakarta menerapkan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengedepankan hasil wawancara dan observasi secara langsung sebagai data utama yang disajikan. Pengambilan sample dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan melibatkan 9 responden diantaranya : 4 ODHA, 3 tokoh masyarakat dari 3 kecamatan yang berbeda di wilayah Kota Surakarta, Pengurus Program dan Monev KPA Surakarta, dan Ketua KDS Solo Plus sekaligus MK Mitra Alam. Melalui penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa dalam melakukan komunikasi interpersonal dengan masyarakat di Kota Surakarta, ODHA memusatkan perhatian untuk mewujudkan beberapa hal yang dapat membuat komunikasi interpersonal yang mereka jalin akan berjalan dengan baik seperti dengan membangun kepercayaan, menjalin keterbukaan, membangun empati, menciptakan sikap saling mendukung, menciptakan sikap positif, menjalin kesetaraan, dan pembukaan diri. Peneliti juga menemukan bahwa dengan membangun komunikasi interpersonal, ODHA dapat memenuhi kebutuhan mereka, diantaranya adalah kebutuhan jasmani, kebutuhan keamanan/keselamatan, kebutuhan sosial dimana di dalamnya termasuk kebutuhan untuk memiliki interaksi sosial yang positif dengan masyarakat kota Surakarta, kebutuhan akan penghargaan, dan kebutuhan akan aktualisasi diri. *Kata kunci : Analisis Deskriptif, Komunikasi Interpersonal, ODHA, Interaksi Sosial, Surakart

Inter-firm technology transfer: Partnership-embedded licensing or standard licensing agreements?

When companies decide to engage in technology transfer through licensing to other firms, they have two basic options: to use standard licensing contracts or to set-up more elaborate partnership-embedded licensing agreements. We find that broader partnership-embedded licensing agreements are preferred with higher levels of technological sophistication of industries, with greater perceived effectiveness of secrecy as a means of appropriability, and when licensors are smaller than their licensees. Innovative differentials between companies, innovative supremacy of the licensor, and market and technological overlap between partners appear to have no effect on the preference for a particular form of licensing.technology transfer, licensing, inter-firm partnership, innovation

Mitotic exit kinase Dbf2 directly phosphorylates chitin synthase Chs2 to regulate cytokinesis in budding yeast

How cell cycle machinery regulates extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling during cytokinesis remains poorly understood. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the primary septum (PS), a functional equivalent of animal ECM, is synthesized during cytokinesis by the chitin synthase Chs2. Here, we report that Dbf2, a conserved mitotic exit kinase, localizes to the division site after Chs2 and directly phosphorylates Chs2 on several residues, including Ser-217. Both phosphodeficient (chs2‑S217A) and phosphomimic (chs2‑S217D) mutations cause defects in cytokinesis, suggesting that dynamic phosphorylation–dephosphorylation of Ser-217 is critical for Chs2 function. It is striking that Chs2‑S217A constricts asymmetrically with the actomyosin ring (AMR), whereas Chs2-S217D displays little or no constriction and remains highly mobile at the division site. These data suggest that Chs2 phosphorylation by Dbf2 triggers its dissociation from the AMR during the late stage of cytokinesis. Of interest, both chs2‑S217A and chs2‑S217D mutants are robustly suppressed by increased dosage of Cyk3, a cytokinesis protein that displays Dbf2‑dependent localization and also stimulates Chs2‑mediated chitin synthesis. Thus Dbf2 regulates PS formation through at least two independent pathways: direct phosphorylation and Cyk3‑mediated activation of Chs2. Our study establishes a mechanism for direct cell cycle control of ECM remodeling during cytokinesis

A structural and biochemical model of processive chitin synthesis

Chitin synthases (CHS) produce chitin, an essential component of the fungal cell wall. The molecular mechanism of processive chitin synthesis is not understood, limiting the discovery of new inhibitors of this enzyme class. We identified the bacterial glycosyltransferase NodC as an appropriate model system to study the general structure and reaction mechanism of CHS. A high throughput screening-compatible novel assay demonstrates that a known inhibitor of fungal CHS also inhibit NodC. A structural model of NodC, on the basis of the recently published BcsA cellulose synthase structure, enabled probing of the catalytic mechanism by mutagenesis, demonstrating the essential roles of the DD and QXXRW catalytic motifs. The NodC membrane topology was mapped, validating the structural model. Together, these approaches give insight into the CHS structure and mechanism and provide a platform for the discovery of inhibitors for this antifungal target

Orlean E. Carlson of Devils Lake: Germany, World War II

North Dakota Prisoner of War Report by Orlean Carlson (1923-2017) of Devils Lake. Carlson was a POW of Germany during the Second World War. 18 page

P-01 Preventing Violence in Jamaican Schools: The Way Forward

This paper presents an overview of current school violence prevention concerns and practices in Jamaica. Convenience sampling was used to select 204 educators throughout Jamaica with a modal age group of 31-40 years. The participants included educators and practitioners such as school counsellors in the Jamaican school system. Respondent scores on the School Violence Questionnaire and Research Protocol were used to provide the data for this study. It includes a summary of a mixed-methods survey of violence and violence prevention in schools. The results indicate that a significant proportion of the respondents had observed school violence and had to contend with violent behaviours in schools, χ2 (1, n = 195) = 132.93, p \u3c 0.01). Ninety-nine percent of the teachers expressed the opinion that schools needed to be more serious about their efforts to implement meaningful discipline practices. These results suggest the need for interventions to help students who exhibit violent behaviors in schools. The paper discusses research that provides information regarding characteristics and consequences of appropriate instructional programmes that are applicable to at-risk youth, educators, and parents

Why is order flow so persistent?

Order flow in equity markets is remarkably persistent in the sense that order signs (to buy or sell) are positively autocorrelated out to time lags of tens of thousands of orders, corresponding to many days. Two possible explanations are herding, corresponding to positive correlation in the behavior of different investors, or order splitting, corresponding to positive autocorrelation in the behavior of single investors. We investigate this using order flow data from the London Stock Exchange for which we have membership identifiers. By formulating models for herding and order splitting, as well as models for brokerage choice, we are able to overcome the distortion introduced by brokerage. On timescales of less than a few hours the persistence of order flow is overwhelmingly due to splitting rather than herding. We also study the properties of brokerage order flow and show that it is remarkably consistent both cross-sectionally and longitudinally.Comment: 42 pages, 15 figure

La monnaie entre économie et anthropologie

Je suis économiste et, en tant qu’économiste, lire les anthropologues, les rencontrer et discuter avec eux a toujours été à mes yeux une tâche importante. J’ai pu constater, au cours de ma carrière, qu’un tel point de vue n’était guère partagé. Au‑delà de mots d’ordre généreux et vagues incitant au dialogue entre disciplines, on observe un préjugé tenace, majoritairement partagé selon lequel les travaux interdisciplinaires relèveraient d’une économie mineure. Aussi suis‑je heureux qu’une tell..