Financial Transmission Rights (FTR) as a Congestion Management Scheme in Electricity Transmission: Strategic Behavior in a Coupled FTR — Electricity Market Model

With the emergence of liberalized markets, transmission line congestion has been a prominent technical constraint that has to be accounted for in designing the new markets. Transmission line congestion is a phenomenon in electricity markets that emerges more severely in time with ever increasing demand in electricity and resultant excessive loading of transmission lines. Various congestion management techniques such as market splitting, market coupling etc. are utilized currently in energy markets. However on the long run financial transmission rights (FTR), which is readily used by some US electricity market operators such as PJM, New York and New England operators, has potential to dominate other markets too. Modelling financial transmission rights to test some strategic hypotheses is imperative to be able to introduce suitable policies and regulations. In this paper we present a modelling approach for financial transmission rights and examine strategic use of hidden knowledge in a hypothetical electricity — FTR market

Regional Free Trade Agreements of Bosnia and Herzegovina: analysis and policy recommendations

This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the free trade agreements between Bosnia and Herzegovina and its regional partners of the SEE Stability Pact process. It identifies the key determinants of BiH's imports and exports in the gravity model framework and describes the trade barriers that were identified during interviews with BiH companies and other stakeholders. The concluding section contains specific recommendations for general and trade-specific policies that could help in better realising the BiH trade potential, in relations with its CEFTA 2006 partners but also the EU an other countries.Bosnia and Herzegovina, foreign frade, FTA

Autonomous time-frequency cropping and feature-extraction algorithms for classification of LPI radar modulations

Three autonomous cropping and feature extraction algorithms are examined that can be used for classification of low probability of intercept radar modulations using time-frequency (T-F) images. The first approach, Erosion Dilation Adaptive Binarization (EDAB), uses erosion and a new adaptive threshold binarization algorithm embedded within a recursive dilation process to determine the modulation energy centroid (radar's carrier frequency) and properly place a fixed-width cropping window. The second approach, Marginal Frequency Adaptive Binarization (MFAB), uses the marginal frequency distribution and the adaptive threshold binarization algorithm to determine the start and stop frequencies of the modulation energy to locate and adapt the size of the cropping window. The third approach, Fast Image Filtering, uses the fast Fourier transform and a Gaussian lowpass filter to isolate the modulation energy. The modulation is then cropped from the original T-F image and the adaptive binarization algorithm is used again to compute a binary feature vector for input into a classification network. The binary feature vector allows the image detail to be preserved without overwhelming the classification network that follows. A multi-layer perceptron and a radial basis function network are used for classification and the results are compared. Classification results for nine simulated radar modulations are shown to demonstrate the three feature-extraction approaches and quantify the performance of the algorithms. It is shown that the best results are obtained using the Choi-Williams distribution followed by the MFAB algorithm and a multi-layer perceptron. This setup produced an overall percent correct classification (Pcc) of 87.2% for testing with noise variation and 77.8% for testing with modulation variation. In an operational context, the ability to process and classify LPI signals autonomously allows the operator in the field to receive real-time results.http://archive.org/details/autonomoustimefr10945270

Transformation of traditional design concepts into contemporary architecture

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1983.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCHIncludes bibliographical references (leaf 125).The primary aim of this thesis is to explore the design concepts of traditional architecture in Anamur, Turkey, and to make an attempt to incorporate the design patterns extracted from traditional houses into contemporary architecture. First, the traditional and contemporary architectural concepts and their present conditions are explained briefly in relation to the country and the town. Second, the case-study of Anamur's traditional houses is introduced with their measured drawings. Third, an attempt is made to extract the design patterns of three traditional houses, and fourth, an experiment is made to generate a house of both traditional and contemporary concepts.by Oruc Cakmakli.M.S

Analysis of factors influencing bank profitability : evidence from the West African economic and monetary union banking sector

This paper investigates the factors that influence bank profitability. Using static and dynamic panel data techniques, a sample of 86 banks from eight countries making up the West African Economic and Monetary Union over the period 2006-2014 is utilized. In the static framework, the size effect is investigated for both determinants of profitability and CAR models, while the time effect is incorporated in the dynamic framework. In regards to the determinants of bank profitability, the results show evidence of significant effects of bank-industry and specific factors, as well as bank macroeconomic factors on profitability in WAEMU except two bank-specific factors (ratios of liquid asset), which are to total deposit and nonperforming asset insignificant. Also, due to less competition in the banking sector, the results point to a significant persistence of profit from year to year. Furthermore, the analysis of the bank size effect confirms evidence of significant economies and discectomies of scale in the banking sector.peer-reviewe

OPTIMIZATION AT SERVICE VEHICLE ROUTING AND A CASE STUDY OF ISPARTA, TURKEY

A typical application area of vehicle routing problem (VRP) is School Bus Routing Problem. In this problem, mainly, it is aimed to minimize total service time, length, number of vehicles operating etc. and maximize the capacity utility etc. under some constraints such as allowable time etc. The aim of this study is to construct a method that helps to organize the travel plans of students residing in an area and to apply this method at a pilot school determined under some requirements. The results of the study suggested that there are differences in the sense of the distance, time, and number of stops on the route of the service vehicles while it can be said that there is equality only in capacity utility

Dynamic Control of Photoresponse in ZnO-Based Thin-Film Transistors in the Visible Spectrum

Cataloged from PDF version of article.We present ZnO-channel thin-film transistors with actively tunable photocurrent in the visible spectrum, although ZnO band edge is in the ultraviolet. ZnO channel is deposited by atomic layer deposition technique at a low temperature (80 C), which is known to introduce deep level traps within the forbidden band of ZnO. The gate bias dynamically modifies the occupancy probability of these trap states by controlling the depletion region in the ZnO channel. Unoccupied trap states enable the absorption of the photons with lower energies than the bandgap of ZnO. Photoresponse to visible light is controlled by the applied voltage bias at the gate terminal