Total coloring of 1-toroidal graphs of maximum degree at least 11 and no adjacent triangles

A {\em total coloring} of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors to the vertices and the edges of $G$ such that every pair of adjacent/incident elements receive distinct colors. The {\em total chromatic number} of a graph $G$, denoted by \chiup''(G), is the minimum number of colors in a total coloring of $G$. The well-known Total Coloring Conjecture (TCC) says that every graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ admits a total coloring with at most $\Delta + 2$ colors. A graph is {\em $1$-toroidal} if it can be drawn in torus such that every edge crosses at most one other edge. In this paper, we investigate the total coloring of $1$-toroidal graphs, and prove that the TCC holds for the $1$-toroidal graphs with maximum degree at least~$11$ and some restrictions on the triangles. Consequently, if $G$ is a $1$-toroidal graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ at least~$11$ and without adjacent triangles, then $G$ admits a total coloring with at most $\Delta + 2$ colors.Comment: 10 page

Close relation of arterial ICC-like cells to the contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cell

This work aimed to establish the lineage of cells similar to the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), the arterial ICC-like (AIL) cells, which have recently been described in resistance arteries, and to study their location in the artery wall. Segments of guinea-pig mesenteric arteries and single AIL cells freshly isolated from them were used. Confocal imaging of immunostained cells or segments and electron microscopy of artery segments were used to test for the presence and cellular localization of selected markers, and to localize AIL cells in intact artery segments. AIL cells were negative for PGP9.5, a neural marker, and for von Willebrand factor (vWF), an endothelial cell marker. They were positive for smooth muscle α-actin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC), but expressed only a small amount of smoothelin, a marker of contractile smooth muscle cells (SMC), and of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), a critical enzyme in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Cell isolation in the presence of latrunculin B, an actin polymerization inhibitor, did not cause the disappearance of AIL cells from cell suspension. The fluorescence of basal lamina protein collagen IV was comparable between the AIL cells and the vascular SMCs and the fluorescence of laminin was higher in AIL cells compared to vascular SMCs. Moreover, cells with thin processes were found in the tunica media of small resistance arteries using transmis-sion electron microscopy. The results suggest that AIL cells are immature or phenotypically modulated vascular SMCs constitutively present in resistance arteries

TINGKAT KETERAMPILAN BERMAIN SEPAK TAKRAW SISWA SD NEGERI 2 AGLIK KECAMATAN GRABAG KABUPATEN PURWOREJO YANG MENGIKUTI EKSTRAKURIKULER SEPAK TAKRAW

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keterampilan bermain sepaktakraw siswa SD Negeri 2 Aglik Kecamatan Grabag Kabupaten Purworejo yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler sepaktakraw. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa SD Negeri 2 Aglik yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler sepaktakraw yang seluruhnya berjumlah 26 orang terdiri atas 8 anak siswa kelas IV, 13 anak siswa kelas V, dan 5 anak siswa kelas VI. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes keterampilan bermain sepaktakraw untuk pemula buatan Husni Thamrin tahun 1995 dengan validitas sebagai berikut: sepakmula 0,616; sepaksila 0,700; sepakkuda 0,654; heading 0,666; dan smash 0,542. Sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif yang dituangkan dalam bentuk presentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; 1) Tingkat keterampilan bermain sepaktakraw siswa SD Negeri 2 Grabag yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler sepaktakraw yang berjumlah 26 siswa yaitu, tidak ada (0%) siswa yang berkategori “Baik Sekali”, kategori “Baik” 9 anak (34,6%), kategori “Sedang” 17 siswa (65,4%), kategori “Kurang” tidak ada (0%), kategori “Sangat Kurang” tidak ada (0%). Jadi sebagian besar tingkat keterampilan bermain sepaktakraw siswa SD Negeri 2 Aglik Kecamatan Grabag Kabupaten Purworejo masuk dalam kategori “Sedang”. Kata kunci: tingkat keterampilan bermain sepaktakraw, peserta ekstrakurikule

New mean field theories for the liquid-vapor transition of charged hard spheres

The phase behavior of the primitive model of electrolytes is studied in the framework of various mean field approximations obtained recently by means of methods pertaining to statistical field theory (CAILLOL, J.-M., 2004, \textit{J. Stat. Phys.}, \textbf{115}, 1461). The role of the regularization of the Coulomb potential at short distances is discussed in details and the link with more traditional approximations of the theory of liquids is discussed. The values computed for the critical temperatures, chemical potentials, and densities are compared with available Monte Carlo data and other theoretical predictions.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, 3 table

Relationship between the direction of the interplanetary magnetic field and steady oscillation conditions

Effect of direction of interplanetary magnetic field on steady oscillation

Colour modification of factorisation in single-spin asymmetries

We discuss the way in which factorisation is partially maintained but nevertheless modified by process-dependent colour factors in hadronic single-spin asymmetries. We also examine QCD evolution of the twist-three gluonic-pole strength defining an effective T-odd Sivers function in the large-x limit, where evolution of the T-even transverse-spin DIS structure function g2 is known to be multiplicative

Inverse spin-s portrait and representation of qudit states by single probability vectors

Using the tomographic probability representation of qudit states and the inverse spin-portrait method, we suggest a bijective map of the qudit density operator onto a single probability distribution. Within the framework of the approach proposed, any quantum spin-j state is associated with the (2j+1)(4j+1)-dimensional probability vector whose components are labeled by spin projections and points on the sphere. Such a vector has a clear physical meaning and can be relatively easily measured. Quantum states form a convex subset of the 2j(4j+3) simplex, with the boundary being illustrated for qubits (j=1/2) and qutrits (j=1). A relation to the (2j+1)^2- and (2j+1)(2j+2)-dimensional probability vectors is established in terms of spin-s portraits. We also address an auxiliary problem of the optimum reconstruction of qudit states, where the optimality implies a minimum relative error of the density matrix due to the errors in measured probabilities.Comment: 23 pages, 4 figures, PDF LaTeX, submitted to the Journal of Russian Laser Researc

Qubit portrait of the photon-number tomogram and separability of two-mode light states

In view of the photon-number tomograms of two-mode light states, using the qubit-portrait method for studying the probability distributions with infinite outputs, the separability and entanglement detection of the states are studied. Examples of entangled Gaussian state and Schr\"{o}dinger cat state are discussed.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, TeX file, to appear in Journal of Russian Laser Researc

p38α (MAPK14) critically regulates the immunological response and the production of specific cytokines and chemokines in astrocytes.

In CNS lesions, "reactive astrocytes" form a prominent cellular response. However, the nature of this astrocyte immune activity is not well understood. In order to study astrocytic immune responses to inflammation and injury, we generated mice with conditional deletion of p38α (MAPK14) in GFAP+ astrocytes. We studied the role of p38α signaling in astrocyte immune activation both in vitro and in vivo, and simultaneously examined the effects of astrocyte activation in CNS inflammation. Our results showed that specific subsets of cytokines (TNFα, IL-6) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL4, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL10) are critically regulated by p38α signaling in astrocytes. In an in vivo CNS inflammation model of intracerebral injection of LPS, we observed markedly attenuated astrogliosis in conditional GFAPcre p38α(-/-) mice. However, GFAPcre p38α(-/-) mice showed marked upregulation of CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL2, CXCL10, TNFα, and IL-1β compared to p38αfl/fl cohorts, suggesting that in vivo responses to LPS after GFAPcre p38α deletion are complex and involve interactions between multiple cell types. This finding was supported by a prominent increase in macrophage/microglia and neutrophil recruitment in GFAPcre p38α(-/-) mice compared to p38αfl/fl controls. Together, these studies provide important insights into the critical role of p38α signaling in astrocyte immune activation