Bifurcation analysis based on a material model with stress-rate dependency and non-associated flow rule for fracture prediction in metal forming

Recent increasing application of advanced high-strength metals causes grow-ing demand for accurate fracture prediction in metal forming simulation. However, since the construction of objective and reliable fracture prediction method is generally difficult, essential progress in fundamental theory that supports evolution of fracture rediction framework is required. In this study, a fracture prediction framework based on the bifurcation theory is pre- sented. The main achievement is a novel material model based on stress-rate dependency related with non-associate flow rule. This model is based on non-associated flow rule with independent arbitrary higher-order yield function and plastic potential function for any anisotropic materials. And this formulation is combined with the stress-rate depen- dency plastic constitutive equation, which is known as Ito-Goya model, to construct a generalized plastic constitutive model in which non-normality and non-associativity are reasonably considered. Then, by adopting the three-dimensional bifurcation theory, which is known as the 3D localized bifurcation theory, more accurate prediction of the initiation of shear band is realized, leading to general and reliable construction of forming limit dia- gram. Then, by using virtual material data, numerical simulation is carried out to exhibit fracture limit diagram for demonstrating the generality and reliability of the proposed methodology. In particular, the effect of stress-rate dependency on the bifurcation analy- sis is investigated, and the order of the yield function is used to investigate the influence on the forming limit prediction

Chemical modification of pradimicin A to suppress aggregation without impairing D-mannose-binding and antifungal activities

Pradimicin A (PRM-A) is an actinomycete-derived antibiotic that shows antifungal activity through binding to d-mannose (Man)-containing glycans of fungi. Despite its unique mode of antifungal action, therapeutic application of PRM-A has been severely limited by the aggregate-forming property. In this study, we demonstrated that C4′-N-formyl PRM-A and the dexylosylated derivative of C4′-N-acetyl PRM-A showed significant Man-binding and antifungal activities without any aggregation or precipitation. The presented results provide a promising modification strategy for exploring the therapeutic application of PRM-A.journal articl

Synthesis of Formation Control Systems for Multi-Agent Systems under Control Gain Perturbations

This paper proposed a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based design method of non-fragile guaranteed cost controllers for multi-agent systems (MASs) with leader-follower structures. In the guaranteed cost control approach, the resultant controller guarantees an upper bound on the given cost function together with asymptotical stability for the closed-loop system. The proposed non-fragile guaranteed cost control system can achieve consensus for MASs despite control gain perturbations. The goal is to develop an LMI-based sufficient condition for the existence of the proposed non-fragile guaranteed cost controller.  Moreover, a design problem of an optimal non-fragile guaranteed cost controller showe that minimizing an upper bound on the given quadratic cost function can be reduced to constrain a convex optimization problem. Finally, numerical examples were given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed non-fragile controller for MASs

A Robust Formation Control Strategy for Multi-Agent Systems with Uncertainties via Adaptive Gain Robust Controllers

This paper deals with a design problem of an adaptive gain robust controller which achieves consensus for multi-agent system (MAS) with uncertainties. In the proposed controller design approach, the relative position between the leader and followers are considered explicitly, and the proposed adaptive gain robust controller consisting of fixed gains and variable ones tuned by time-varying adjustable parameters can reduce the effect of uncertainties. In this paper, we show that sufficient conditions for the existence of the proposed adaptive gain robust controller are reduced to solvability of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed robust formation control system is verified by simple numerical simulations. A main result of this study is that the proposed adaptive gain robust controller can achieve consensus and formation control giving consideration to relative distance in spite of uncertainties

Studies on Galactose Tolerance Test in Patients with Liver Disease

1972-08Oral galactose tolerance tests were performed on 56 patients with liver disease, 31 with diabetes mellitus and 17 normal subjects. Intravenous galactose tolerance tests were done on 25 liver disease, 6 diabetes mellitus and 6 normal subjects. Each liver disease was histologically comfirmed by needle biopsy under laparoscopy. Serum galactose and glucose were measured gaschromatographically. Oral galactose tolerance test is useful for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis, but metabolic disorder of galactose can be found in diabetics. Therefore abnormalities in oral galactose tolerance test do not necessarily mean the existence of hepatic damage. There exists a relatively good correlation between the degree of abnormal oral galactose tolerance test and the level of serum γ-globulin, cholinesterase and ICG disappearance rate. As for intravenous galactose tolerance test, half life is a useful index as well as oral glaactose tolerance test. But it can be concluded that oral galactose tolerance test is superior to intravenous galactose tolerance test from the point of view of technical simplicity and the burden to patients.departmental bulletin pape

Consensus via Adaptive Gain Controllers Considering Relative Distances for Multi-Agent Systems

In this paper, for multi-agent systems (MASs) with leader-follower structures, we present a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based design method of an adaptive gain controller considering relative distances between agents. The proposed adaptive gain controller consists of fixed gains and variable ones tuned by time-varying adjustable parameters. The objective of this paper is to derive enough conditions for the existence of the proposed adaptive gain controller which achieves consensus for each agent. The advantages of the proposed adaptive gain controller are as follows; The proposed controller can be obtained by solving LMI, and the proposed control system can achieve consensus and formation control, even if uncertainties are included in the information for relative distances. In this paper, we show that the design problem of the proposed adaptive gain controller can be reduced to the solvability of LMI. Finally, simple numerical examples are included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive gain controller for MASs

Expression patterns of class I KNOX and YABBY genes in Ruscus aculeatus (Asparagaceae) with implications for phylloclade homology

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生物多様性動態学金沢大学理学部STM (RaSTM) and YAB2 (RaYAB2) homologues were isolated from Ruscus aculeatus (Asparagaceae, monocots), and their expressions were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to assess hypotheses on the evolutionary origin of the phylloclade in the Asparagaceae. In young shoot buds, RaSTM is expressed in the shoot apex, while RaYAB2 is expressed in the scale leaf subtending the shoot bud. This expression pattern is shared by other angiosperms, suggesting that the expression patterns of RaSTM and RaYAB2 are useful as molecular markers to identify the shoot and leaf, respectively. RaSTM and RaYAB2 are expressed concomitantly in phylloclade primordia. These results suggest that the phylloclade is not homologous to either the shoot or leaf, but that it has a double organ identity. © Springer-Verlag 2007

Detection of Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine in the tropomyosin 1 protein in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced rat gastric cancer cells

Nε-(Hexanoyl)lysine, formed by the reaction of lysine with n-6 lipid hydroperoxide, is a lipid peroxidation marker during the initial stage of oxidative stress. The aim of the present study is to indentify Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine-modified proteins in neoplastic transformed gastric mucosal cells by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, and to compare the levels of these proteins between gastric mucosal cells and normal gastric cells. Much greater fluorescence of 2-[6-(4'-hydroxy)phenoxyl-3H-xanthen-3-on-9-yl]benzoic acid, an index of the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species, was observed for gastric mucosal cells compared to normal gastric cells. Nε-(Hexanoyl)lysine-modified proteins were detected by SDS-PAGE or two-dimensional electrophoresis and Western blotting using anti-Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine polyclonal antibody, and a protein band of between 30–40 kDa was clearly increased in gastric mucosal cells compared to normal gastric cells. Two Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine-modified protein spots in gastric mucosal cells were identified as the tropomyosin 1 protein by mass spectrometry using a MASCOT search. The existence of Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine modification in tropomyosin 1 was confirmed by Western blotting of SDS-PAGE-separated or two-dimensional electrophoresis-separated proteins as well as by the immunoprecipitation with anti-tropomyosin 1 antibody. These data indicate that Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine modification of tropomyosin 1 may be related to neoplastic transformation by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in gastric epithelial cells

Identification of dihalogenated proteins in rat intestinal mucosa injured by indomethacin

Previous studies have shown that activated neutrophils and their myeloperoxidase (MPO)-derived products play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-related small intestinal injury. The aim of the present study is to identify dihalogenated proteins in the small intestine on indomethacin administration. Intestinal damage was induced by subcutaneous administration of indomethacin (10 mg/kg) in male Wistar rats, and the severity of the injury was evaluated by measuring the area of visible ulcerative lesions. Tissue-associated MPO activity was measured in the intestinal mucosa as an index of neutrophil infiltration. The dihalogenated proteins were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) using novel monoclonal antibodies against dibromotyrosine (DiBrY), and they were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) peptide mass fingerprinting and a Mascot database search. Single administration of indomethacin elicited increased ulcerative area and MPO activity in the small intestine. 2D-PAGE showed an increased level of DiBrY-modified proteins in the indomethacin-induced injured intestinal mucosa and 6 modified proteins were found. Enolase-1 and albumin were found to be DiBrY modified. These proteins may be responsible for the development of neutrophil-associated intestinal injury induced by indomethacin

Changes in the Awareness of Junior High School Students Through the Learning of Throwing Technique : Analysis using Text Mining

This study aims to reveal changes in the awareness of junior high school students learning throwing technique in their Physical Education class. After the learning, they were asked to write an open-ended essay. The information was then analyzed using text mining. One hundred and twenty-one students participated in the analysis; the frequency of words and relations between words in their essays were identified. The word frequency test found that the most frequent words used were “step,” “weight shift,” and “consciousness.” The feature representation extraction revealed that word pairs with the highest index of relation were “consciousness” and “try hard”; “eye-level” and “raise”; and “step” and “consciousness.” Word networking found co-occurrences between “step,” “weight shift,” “shoulder” and “turn.” Using this data, it was established that students attempted throwing by snapping their wrists, shiftinweight with a smooth step (the main point of the lesson), and raising their elbows higher than their shoulders.departmental bulletin pape