Studies on Morphology, Phylogenetic Analysis and Degradation Abilities of Bacteria Isolated from Activated Sludge

博士論文 (Doctoral dissertation)doctoral thesi

DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR IMATINIB MESYLATE BY ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY

Objective: A simple, selective, sensitive, specific, and spectrophotometric method has been developed for the detection of imatinib mesylate in pure form and formulations. Methods: The analytical condition was optimized for the drug, carried out as per the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines. Results: The drug shows absorption at 232.0 nm and obeyed beers law in the wide concentration range from 0.5 to 4.0 μg/ml. The lower limit of detection was found to be 0.331 μg/ml and the limit of quantification to be 1.004 μg/ml. The regression equation was found to be y = 0.08x. The precision of the method was found to be 99.04%±0.527% and the percentage of drug recovered by this method is 100.13%±1.375%. Conclusion: The method is simple and suitable for determination for imatinib mesylate in pure and pharmaceutical preparation

An in silico molecular strategy to uncover medication against SARS CoV-2 from coastal grass Spinifex littoreus (Burm f.) Merr.

The coronavirus (COVID-19) caused a global public health disaster and every outbreak is believed to have a natural cure. Hence, this investigation aims to identify a suitable target to inhibit viral multiplication using Spinifex littoreus and to control the binding of human ACE2 receptors with the viral protein through molecular docking. This investigation aids in finding a SARS-CoV-2 antagonist in the coastal grass S. littoreus. Through GC-MS analysis, 22 different phytochemical compounds were screened from the methanolic and chloroform extracts of S. littoreus. Using Swiss ADME software, the drug-likeness properties of the screened compounds were examined. Of the 22 screened compounds, only seven adhere to Lipinski's rule of five. The compound 1-methylene-2b-hydroxymethyl-3,3-dimethyl-4b -(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-cyclohexane was docked against 3CLPRO and the spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. The free binding energies of the target proteins are -6.12 kcal/mol and -6.0 kcal/mol, respectively. A stronger ligand -protein interaction results in lower binding energy. These findings could contribute to the development of a new medication for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2

Entrenamiento enfocado en la percepción para jugadores de bádminton de élite mediante obstáculos visuales

Badminton is a fast-paced sport that requires not only physical fitness but also strong mental skills like anticipation and quick decision-making. This study introduces a new training method called “One-Way Mirror Perceptual Training”, which uses a one-way mirror to block players' view of their opponent, forcing them to rely on their perception and reaction skills instead of visual cues. Twenty male badminton players aged 13-25 were divided into two groups: an experimental group that received the special training for six weeks and a control group that continued with regular practice. The training focused on improving agility, reaction time, coordination, and accuracy. Performance was measured before and after the training using tests like the Four Corner Run Test (FCRT) and agility drills. The experimental group showed significant improvement, with faster reaction times, better movement, and higher performance scores, while the control group had little change. These results suggest that the One-Way Mirror Perceptual Training helps players improve their mental and physical skills, making them more prepared for high-level competition. This study highlights the importance of including perceptual training in badminton and suggests that similar methods could be useful in other fast-paced sports.El bádminton es un deporte de ritmo rápido que requiere no solo de una buena condición física, sino también de habilidades mentales sólidas, como la anticipación y la rapidez en la toma de decisiones. Este estudio introduce un nuevo método de entrenamiento denominado «Entrenamiento perceptivo con espejo unidireccional», el cual utiliza un espejo unidireccional para bloquear la visión de los jugadores de su oponente para así obligarlos a confiar en sus habilidades de percepción y reacción en lugar de en las referencias visuales. Veinte jugadores hombres de bádminton de entre 13 y 25 años fueron divididos en dos grupos: un grupo experimental que recibió el entrenamiento especial durante seis semanas y un grupo de control que continuó con la práctica habitual. El entrenamiento se centró en mejorar la agilidad, el tiempo de reacción, la coordinación y la precisión. El rendimiento se midió antes y después del entrenamiento mediante pruebas como el Four Corner Run Test (FCRT) y ejercicios de agilidad. El grupo experimental mostró una mejora significativa con tiempos de reacción más rápidos, mejores movimientos y puntuaciones de rendimiento más altas, mientras que el grupo de control apenas experimentó cambios. Estos resultados sugieren que el entrenamiento perceptivo con espejo unidireccional ayuda a los jugadores a mejorar sus habilidades mentales y físicas, y los prepara mejor para la competición de alto nivel. Este estudio destaca la importancia de incluir el entrenamiento perceptivo en el bádminton y sugiere que métodos similares podrían ser útiles en otros deportes de ritmo rápido

Correlation of wrist circumference with waist circumference and body mass index in adults with early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Recent studies have shown that wrist circumference is correlated with insulin resistance, obesity and new onset diabetes. Being easy to measure, it may be useful in identifying individuals at risk for cardio- metabolic disorders.Methods: 112 consecutive subjects with new onset type 2 diabetes in the age group 18-44 years were included in the study. Socio demographic characteristics, anthropometric and biochemical measurements were carried out using standard techniques. Pearson product movement Correlation Coefficient was used to find out correlation with other measures of obesity and ROC curve to determine its cut off values.Results: Wrist circumference showed moderate positive correlation with BMI (r+0.389) and waist circumference (r+0.443). The cut off value of wrist circumference when compared with BMI in defining obesity was 16.5cm in male and 15.7 cm in female. The cut off value of wrist circumference with waist circumference in male was 16.2cm.Conclusions: Measurement of wrist circumference may supplement in assessing obesity especially when other measures of obesity like BMI or Waist circumference measurements are difficult or not feasible

Neurocognitive dysfunction after treatment for pediatric brain tumors:Subtype-specific findings and proposal for brain network-informed evaluations

The increasing number of long-term survivors of pediatric brain tumors requires us to incorporate the most recent knowledge derived from cognitive neuroscience into their oncological treatment. As the lesion itself, as well as each treatment, can cause specific neural damage, the long-term neurocognitive outcomes are highly complex and challenging to assess. The number of neurocognitive studies in this population grows exponentially worldwide, motivating modern neuroscience to provide guidance in follow-up before, during and after treatment. In this review, we provide an overview of structural and functional brain connectomes and their role in the neuropsychological outcomes of specific brain tumor types. Based on this information, we propose a theoretical neuroscientific framework to apply appropriate neuropsychological and imaging follow-up for future clinical care and rehabilitation trials

Mushroom Cultivation MOOC at Kerala Agricultural University: Garrett Ranking Analysis of Constraints to Enhance Online Agriculture Learning

Participants in this extensive Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) on mushroom cultivation will gain a wealth of knowledge and useful skills necessary for cultivating a wide variety of mushrooms. In this study, the Center for e-learning at Kerala Agriculture University will analyse the barriers to mushroom growing as part of a MOOC. 30 participants in the MOOC course were chosen at random to participate in the study as responses. Using the specified sampling size and data collection methodology, an ex post facto research design was employed for the study. The requirements in the MOOC course were prioritized using the Garrett ranking technique after the data were statistically analysed. Results revealed that 55.06 per cent of the respondents have the economic constraint that is the power/ electricity usage costs more to them, of the technological challenges encountered, interacting with the resource person less frequently comes in the rank first with 60.13 per cent, the biggest personal challenge is developing skill-oriented knowledge, which is difficult and it has been ranked first with 67 per cent, Personal commitments, such as employment, family duties, health concerns etc., ranks first with 62.53 in terms of situational limitations and 66 percent of the respondents rranked first that there is more number of theory classes with minimum hands-on experience in psychological challenge

Comparative Dissolution Profile Study Of Aciclovir In Solid Dosage Formulations

This study compares the in vitro efficacy of two distinct brands of acyclovir tablets with the same strength—ACYPROVE-200 (Aciclovir  Tablet IP) and ZOVIRAX TABLETS (Aciclovir Tablet IP200MG).Friability, hardness, thickness, solubility, and weight fluctuation tests are only a few of the many comparisons. The most crucial test that enables us to ascertain the precise concentration of the active ingredient (acyclovir) in every capsule and the quantity of medication discharged from these formulations is the dissolution test.Because of its great solubility and limited permeability, the medication aciclovir is categorized as Class III in the BCS classification.Dissolution tests were conducted in acid medium, pH 4.5 buffer medium, and pH 6.8 buffer medium in this study. The dissolution rate is determined by measuring the amount of medication released at intervals of 10, 15, and 30 minutes. The results also show the similarity and difference between the two products.The study concludes that there is a range of 0–15 and 50–100 for the Difference factor (f1) and Similarity factor (f2) between "ACYPROVE-200 (Aciclovir Tablet IP) and ZOVIRAX TABLETS (Aciclovir Tablet IP200MG).

An endophyte Paenibacillus dendritiformis strain APL3 promotes Amaranthus polygonoides L. sprout growth and their extract inhibits food-borne pathogens

Green leafy vegetables are rich sources of antioxidants and minerals, which prevent food-borne pathogen infections during our diet. This study was aimed to isolate and identify the plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium from several plant species to enhance the growth of Amaranthus polygonoides L. and their antimicrobial potential against food-borne pathogens. Seven endophytic bacterial isolates were tested on two Amaranthus species to identify the suitable beneficial bacterium. The antioxidants capacity and antimicrobial activity of bacterial isolate (APL3) treated plants were analyzed. The bacterial isolate, APL3 showed a significantly higher growth of A. polygonoides L. than other isolates. It was identified as Paenibacillus dendritiformis strain APL3 by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The endophyte (APL3) treated A. polygonoides L. sprouts had higher antioxidants potentials and significantly inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The results of the present study suggest that utilization of P. dendritiformis strain APL3 triggers the growth of A. polygonoides L. and induces metabolic changes in plants to improve their antimicrobial properties to prevent foodborne pathogens

Advances in the treatment of prolactinomas

Prolactinomas account for approximately 40% of all pituitary adenomas and are an important cause of hypogonadism and infertility. The ultimate goal of therapy for prolactinomas is restoration or achievement of eugonadism through the normalization of hyperprolactinemia and control of tumor mass. Medical therapy with dopamine agonists is highly effective in the majority of cases and represents the mainstay of therapy. Recent data indicating successful withdrawal of these agents in a subset of patients challenge the previously held concept that medical therapy is a lifelong requirement. Complicated situations, such as those encountered in resistance to dopamine agonists, pregnancy, and giant or malignant prolactinomas, may require multimodal therapy involving surgery, radiotherapy, or both. Progress in elucidating the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of prolactinomas may enable future development of novel molecular therapies for treatment-resistant cases. This review provides a critical analysis of the efficacy and safety of the various modes of therapy available for the treatment of patients with prolactinomas with an emphasis on challenging situations, a discussion of the data regarding withdrawal of medical therapy, and a foreshadowing of novel approaches to therapy that may become available in the future