Interplanetary Consequences of a Large CME

We analyze a coronal mass ejection (CME) which resulted from an intense flare in active region AR486 on November 4, 2003. The CME propagation and speed are studied with interplanetary scintillation images, near-Earth space mission data, and Ulysses measurements. Together, these diverse diagnostics suggest that the internal magnetic energy of the CME determines its interplanetary consequences.Comment: 5 pages, 9 figures, To appear in "Magnetic Coupling between the Interior and the Atmosphere of the Sun", eds. S.S. Hasan and R.J. Rutten, Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin, 200

Odd Sum Labeling of Graphs Obtained by Duplicating Any Edge of Some Graphs

An injective function $f:V(G)\rightarrow \{0,1,2,\dots,q\}$ is an odd sum labeling if the induced edge labeling $f^*$ defined by $f^*(uv)=f(u)+f(v),$ for all $uv\in E(G),$ is bijective and $f^*(E(G))=\{1,3,5,\dots,2q-1\}.$ A graph is said to be an odd sum graph if it admits an odd sum labeling. In this paper we study the odd sum property of graphs obtained by duplicating any edge of some graphs

The leaf-feeding geometrid Isturgia disputaria (Guenee)-A potential biological control agent for prickly acacia, Vachellia nilotica subsp. indica (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr. (Mimosaceae) in Australia

Prickly acacia (Vachellia nilotica subsp. indica), a native multipurpose tree in India, is a weed of National significance, and a target for biological control in Australia. Based on plant genetic and climatic similarities, native range surveys for identifying potential biological control agents for prickly acacia were conducted in India during 2008-2011. In the survey leaf-feeding geometrid, Isturgia disputaria Guenee (syn. Tephrina pulinda), widespread in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka States, was prioritized as a potential biological control agent based on field host range, damage potential and no choice test on non target plant species. Though the field host range study exhibited that V. nilotica ssp. indica and V. nilotica ssp. tomentosa were the primary hosts for successful development of the insect, I. disputaria, replicated no - choice larval feeding and development tests conducted on cut foliage and live plants of nine non-target acacia test plant species in India revealed the larval feeding and development on three of the nine non-target acacia species, V. tortilis, V. planiferons and V. leucophloea in addition to the V. nilotica ssp. indica and V. nilotica ssp. tomentosa. However, the proportion of larvae developing into adults was higher on V. nilotica subsp. indica and V. nilotica subsp. tomentosa, with 90% and 80% of the larvae completing development, respectively. In contrast, the larval mortality was higher on V. tortilis (70%), V. leucophloea (90%) and V. planiferons (70%). The no-choice test results support the earlier host specificity test results of I. disputaria from Pakistan, Kenya and under quarantine in Australia. Contrasting results between field host range and host use pattern under no-choice conditions are discussed

Multi-wavelength Diagnostics of the Precursor and Main phases of an M1.8 Flare on 2011 April 22

We study the temporal, spatial and spectral evolution of the M1.8 flare, which occurred in NOAA AR 11195 (S17E31) on 22 April 2011, and explore the underlying physical processes during the precursors and their relation to the main phase. The study of the source morphology using the composite images in 131 {\deg}A wavelength observed by the SDO/AIA and 6-14 keV revealed a multiloop system that destabilized systematically during the precursor and main phases. In contrast, HXR emission (20-50 keV) was absent during the precursor phase, appearing only from the onset of the impulsive phase in the form of foot-points of emitting loop/s. This study has also revealed the heated loop-top prior to the loop emission, although no accompanying foot-point sources were observed during the precursor phase. We estimate the flare plasma parameters viz. T, EM, power-law index, and photon turn-over energy by forward fitting RHESSI spectral observations. The energy released in the precursor phase was thermal and constituted ~1 per cent of the total energy released during the flare. The study of morphological evolution of the filament in conjunction with synthesized T and EM maps has been carried out which reveals (a) Partial filament eruption prior to the onset of the precursor emission, (b) Heated dense plasma over the polarity inversion line and in the vicinity of the slowly rising filament during the precursor phase. Based on the implications from multi-wavelength observations, we propose a scheme to unify the energy release during the precursor and main phase emissions in which, the precursor phase emission has been originated via conduction front formed due to the partial filament eruption. Next, the heated leftover S-shaped filament has undergone slow rise and heating due to magnetic reconnection and finally erupted to produce emission during the impulsive and gradual phases.Comment: 16 Pages, 11 Figures, Accepted for Publication in MNRAS Main Journa

Short course chemotherapy study in tuberculous meningitis in children

A total of 215 patients with tuberculous meningitis were treated for nine months with one of the following two regimens: The first regimen consisted of 5 drugs namely Streptomycin, Isoniazid and Ethambutol given daily, supplemented with Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide thrice a week for the first two months, followed by Rifampicin and Isoniazid twice a week for the next seven months. Regimen II was similar to Regimen I excepting that Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide were given twice a week during the first two months of intensive phase, instead of thrice a week. As a general policy, steroids were administered to all the patients for a period of 6 to 8 weeks. On admission, 56% of the patients were aged less than 2 years and 75% less than five years. Forty-five patients (21%) were classified as stage I, 160 (74%) as stage II and only 10 (5%) as stage III. Cerebrospinal fluid culture was positive for tubercle bacilli either by smear, culture or both in 47%. Smear was negative and culture alone was positive in 74 patients and in 14 patients both smear and culture were positive. Of the 88 culture positive patients, in 7 (8%) the cultures were resistant to Streptomycin alone, in 12 (14%) to INH alone, in 11 (12%) to both Streptomycin and INH, while in 2 (2%) patients, they were resistant to all the three drugs. The response to therapy was similar in both the regimens. The mortality was very high, namely 31%, despite using intensive regimens. There was a strong association between the stage on admission and the mortality rate, the latter being highest in stages II and III. This emphasises the need for early diagnosis and treatment in tuberculous meningitis

A REVIEW ON VOICE ACTIVITY DETECTION AND MEL-FREQUENCY CEPSTRAL COEFFICIENTS FOR SPEAKER RECOGNITION (TREND ANALYSIS)

ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of this review article is to give a complete review of various techniques that are used for speech recognition purposes overtwo decades.Methods: VAD-Voice Activity Detection, SAD-Speech Activity Detection techniques are discussed that are used to distinguish voiced from unvoicedsignals and MFCC- Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient technique is discussed which detects specific features.Results: The review results show that research in MFCC has been dominant in signal processing in comparison to VAD and other existing techniques.Conclusion: A comparison of different speaker recognition techniques that were used previously were discussed and those in current research werealso discussed and a clear idea of the better technique was identified through the review of multiple literature for over two decades.Keywords: Cepstral analysis, Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, signal processing, speaker recognition, voice activity detection

Cross - Language based Multi-Document Summarization Model using Machine Learning Technique

Cross-Language Multi-document summarization (CLMDS) process produces a summary generated from multiple documents in which the summary language is different from the source document language. The CLMDS model allows the user to provide query in a particular language (e.g., Tamil) and generates a summary in the same language from different language source documents. The proposed model enables the user to provide a query in Tamil language, generate a summary from multiple English documents, and finally translate the summary into Tamil language. The proposed model makes use of naïve Bayes classifier (NBC) model for the CLMDS. An extensive set of experimentation analysis was performed and the results are investigated under distinct aspects. The resultant experimental values ensured the supremacy of the presented CLMDS model

SIMULATION OF VSC BASED HVDC TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR THE INTEGRATION OF WINDFARM INTO GRID

Wind energy has huge potential to become major source of renewable energy for the modern world. For integrating wind farms to the AC grid, HVDC transmission systems have several advantages over AC transmission systems. This paper presents the design and control of voltage source converter based HVDC system for integration of wind farms in to AC grid. The designed VSC-HVDC system performance under steady state conditions and various transient conditions are presented. The PSCAD/EMTDC software package is used for the simulation studies