Cycle-finite module categories

We describe the structure of module categories of finite dimensional algebras over an algebraically closed field for which the cycles of nonzero nonisomorphisms between indecomposable finite dimensional modules are finite (do not belong to the infinite Jacobson radical of the module category). Moreover, geometric and homological properties of these module categories are exhibited

Krull Dimension of Tame Generalized Multicoil Algebras

We determine the Krull dimension of the module category of finite dimensional tame generalized multicoil algebras over an algebraically closed field, which are domestic

GrassPlot v. 2.00 – first update on the database of multi-scale plant diversity in Palaearctic grasslands

Abstract: GrassPlot is a collaborative vegetation-plot database organised by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) and listed in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD ID EU-00-003). Following a previous Long Database Report (Dengler et al. 2018, Phyto- coenologia 48, 331–347), we provide here the first update on content and functionality of GrassPlot. The current version (GrassPlot v. 2.00) contains a total of 190,673 plots of different grain sizes across 28,171 independent plots, with 4,654 nested-plot series including at least four grain sizes. The database has improved its content as well as its functionality, including addition and harmonization of header data (land use, information on nestedness, structure and ecology) and preparation of species composition data. Currently, GrassPlot data are intensively used for broad-scale analyses of different aspects of alpha and beta diversity in grassland ecosystems

Structural and spatially-resolved studies on the hardening of a commercial resin-modified glass-ionomer cement

A commercial photopolymerizable resinmodified glass-ionomer (Fuji II LC) was studied using a variety of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. H and F stray-field imaging (STRAFI) enabled to follow the acid–base reaction kinetics in self-cured (SC) samples. Gelation and maturation processes with 25 min and 40 h average time constants, respectively, were distinguished. In self- & photo-cured (SPC) samples, two processes were also observed, which occurred with 2 s and 47 s average time constants. H, Al and Si magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR, C cross-polarization (CP)/MAS NMR and 27Al multiple quanta (MQ)MAS NMR spectroscopy were used to obtain structural information on the glass and cements that were either SC or SPC. The presence of methacrylate groups was identified in the solid component. Unreacted hydroxyl ethylmethacrylate (HEMA) was detected in self-cured cement. Al data showed that approximately 28% and 20% of Al is leached out from glass particles in SC and SPC samples, respectively. The upfield shift detected in 25Si MAS NMR spectra of the cements is consistent with a decrease in the number of Al species in the second coordination sphere of the silicon structures. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed existence of 3D shrinkage of the cement matrix in photo-cured cements.(undefined

Determination of monolayer-protected gold nanoparticle ligand–shell morphology using NMR

It is accepted that the ligand shell morphology of nanoparticles coated with a monolayer of molecules can be partly responsible for important properties such as cell membrane penetration and wetting. When binary mixtures of molecules coat a nanoparticle, they can arrange randomly or separate into domains, for example, forming Janus, patchy or striped particles. To date, there is no straightforward method for the determination of such structures. Here we show that a combination of one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR can be used to determine the ligand shell structure of a series of particles covered with aliphatic and aromatic ligands of varying composition. This approach is a powerful way to determine the ligand shell structure of patchy particles; it has the limitation of needing a whole series of compositions and ligands' combinations with NMR peaks well separated and whose shifts due to the surrounding environment can be large enough

The influence of the gap in postoperative radiotherapy patients with carcinoma of the larynx

The aim of study was to evaluate the influence of gap in postoperative irradiation on the outcome. For this purpose the retrospective review the cases histories of 311 patients after total laryngectomy and postoperative radiotherapy between 1986 and 1990 was performed. All patients were divided into 3 groups : A- without gap (160 patients), B- with short gap up to 7 days (94 patients) and C- with long gap over 7 days (57 patients). The endpoint in analysis was loco regional rate control. All patients had a minimum follow up 3 years. Based on our data it was calculated that the prolongation of treatment resulted in decrease in loco regional control. The correlation between length the gap and decrease the outcome of treatment was very strong (

56 Efektywność elektronicznego obrazowania napromienianego pola w kontroli jakości radioterapii

Celem pracy jest ocena jakości i efektywności elektronicznego systemu portal imaging (EPID) z możliwością cyfrowego ulepszenia i analizowania otrzymanych obrazów w kontroli jakości radioterapii.Elektroniczne zdjęcia weryfikacyjne wykonano przed rozpoczęciem leczenia u 57% (97/170) napromienianych chorych. Procedura wykonywania djęć weryfikacyjnych przedłuża czas pojedynczej sesji napromieniania o 10% – 20% (1–2 minut). 87% z otrzymanych zdjęć elektronicznych nadawało się do oceny pod względem jakościowym. U 20% (19/97) chorych monitorowanych przy pomocy EPID wprowadzono poprawki przed rozpoczęciem napromieniania na podstawie zdjęć weryfikacyjnych.W monitorowanej grupie tygodniowe zdjęcia weryfikacyjne wykonano 78% napromienianych chorych. Codzienne zdjęcia weryfikacyjne z seriami zdjęć w trakcie napromieniania chorych. Różne błędy zostały zarejestrowane u 33% monitorowanych chorych w trakcie radioterapii. Większość błędów została skorygowana w trakcie leczenia, niektóre zostały zauważone podczas analizy po zakończeniu napromieniania. Zarejestrowano 2132 zdjęć elektronicznych do dalszej analizy. Target View umożliwia weryfikowanie poprawności leczenia u większości leczonych chorych bez zmniejszenia liczby napromienianych pacjentów. Otrzymane zdjęcia elektroniczne są dobrej jakości, co umożliwia zarejestrowanie i korekcję różnych błędów geometrycznych przed rozpoczęciem i w trakcie leczenia.Zarejestrowane zdjęcia elektroniczne mogą być precyzyjnie analizowane poprzez nakładanie na siebie i pomiary zauważonych rozbieżności w celu poprawy jakości radioterapii

Prostaglandin signalling regulates ciliogenesis by modulating intraflagellar transport

Cilia are microtubule-based organelles that mediate signal transduction in a variety of tissues. Despite their importance, the signalling cascades that regulate cilium formation remain incompletely understood. Here we report that prostaglandin signalling affects ciliogenesis by regulating anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT). Zebrafish leakytail (lkt) mutants show ciliogenesis defects, and the lkt locus encodes an ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCC4). We show that Lkt/ABCC4 localizes to the cell membrane and exports prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a function that is abrogated by the Lkt/ABCC4T804M mutant. PGE2 synthesis enzyme cyclooxygenase-1 and its receptor, EP4, which localizes to the cilium and activates the cyclic-AMP-mediated signalling cascade, are required for cilium formation and elongation. Importantly, PGE2 signalling increases anterograde but not retrograde velocity of IFT and promotes ciliogenesis in mammalian cells. These findings lead us to propose that Lkt/ABCC4-mediated PGE2 signalling acts through a ciliary G-protein-coupled receptor, EP4, to upregulate cAMP synthesis and increase anterograde IFT, thereby promoting ciliogenesis