Performance Analysis of Hoeffding Trees in Data Streams by Using Massive Online Analysis Framewor

Present work is mainly concerned with the understanding of the problem of classification from the data stream perspective on evolving streams using massive online analysis framework with regard to different Hoeffding trees. Advancement of the technology both in the area of hardware and software has led to the rapid storage of data in huge volumes. Such data is referred to as a data stream. Traditional data mining methods are not capable of handling data streams because of the ubiquitous nature of data streams. The challenging task is how to store, analyse and visualise such large volumes of data. Massive data mining is a solution for these challenges. In the present analysis five different Hoeffding trees are used on the available eight dataset generators of massive online analysis framework and the results predict that stagger generator happens to be the best performer for different classifiers

Impact of spermiogram and sperm function test in idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss

Aims: To evaluate the role of sperm factors in idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss cases. Methods: We recruited 100 male subjects where their female partners experienced 2 or more idiopathic pregnancy losses. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) males were grouped into two groups RPL1 (individuals having 2 abortion) and RPL2 (individuals having more than 2 abortions). Fifty volunteers who had fathered child/children prior to the study without the history of recurrent pregnancy loss and unassisted pregnancies were considered as control group. We grouped RPL males into two categories age below 35 years and above 35 years to test whether age plays any role on RPL. Routine semen parameters and sperm function test were performed for all the subjects. Statistical analysis was performed using Independent- Samples T test. Results: Insignificant differences were observed in seminal volume, pH, motility and sperm count but vitality test scores were significantly lesser in both RPL groups when compared to control group. For all three sperm function test both the RPL group showed lesser scores when compare to control. RPL2 group showed more abnormalities when compared to RPL1 group. We did not identify any significant difference for any of the parameters between two age group of RPL males. Conclusion: Our results recommend the screening of both partners simultaneous in RPL cases for the better diagnosis and treatment

O discurso dos #ProtestosBR: análise de conteúdo do Twitter

This paper focus on an analysis of the discourse of Twitter messages during the protests in Brazil during June 2013. Our objective is to discuss how the concepts relate to each other and form networks of meanings around the tweets about the protests. Our search for common characteristics and elements reveals how Twitter was used to describe the protests and to mobilize people rather than to discuss what was actually taking place. We describe the key actors, contexts and demands, as well as the focus on live narratives, #pamphleteer hashtags, and the specific location of tweets

Depictions of Society in Arumugam Novel by Imaiyam

The reason Tamil literature is called folk literature is that it portrays the real life of the people living in the society. The novel is based on a broad base of Tamil literature. Tamil literature has been created by different authors in different eras and the reason why it is outstanding even today is because of writing the problems happening in the society in their language. Socially oriented novels are a huge hit with people. In the novels of the centre, he has expressed ideas such as social inequality, economic problems, oppressive methods and humanistic thoughts in the novels. Society has various norms, customs and traditions. Imaiyam has told in the novel Arumugam that every person in the society is facing problems every day. This article examines the problems faced by the family after the death of the father who has to take care of the family. The author has realistically created the present day social environment in the novel Arumugam with the depiction of the society

Permeating the social justice ideals of equality and equity within the context of Early Years: challenges for leadership in multi-cultural and mono-cultural primary schools

The ideology and commitment of social justice principles is central to Early Years practice, however, the term social justice in education is complex and remains contested. This paper explores the ideology of social justice through links between equality and equity and how it is embedded within Early Years, and what remain the potential challenges for leadership. Interviews in English multi-cultural and mono-cultural primary schools were conducted. Findings showed that the ideology of social justice, equality and equity was interpreted differently. Multi-cultural schools appear to use a greater variety of activities to embed social justice principles that involved their diverse communities more to enrich the curriculum. In mono-cultural schools leadership had to be more creative in promoting equality and equity given the smaller proportion of their diverse pupil and staff population. Tentative conclusions suggest that the vision for permeating equality and equity in Early Years, at best, is at early stages

Challenges of Early Years leadership preparation: a comparison between early and experienced Early Years practitioners in England

Leadership has been under-researched in the Early Years (EY) sector of primary schools in England, especially in leading change for professional development. The aim of this paper is to theorise what the leadership culture for EY practitioners looks like, and how Initial Teacher Training providers and schools are preparing practitioners for leadership. Using case studies of EY practitioners in different stages of their career in primary schools, we offer an insight into their preparedness for leadership in EY, the implication being that leadership training requires an understanding and embedding of the EY culture and context. Interviews with both sample groups allowed for deeper insight into the lived world. Interviews were also conducted with the head teachers to gain an overview of the leadership preparation they provided. The main findings suggest that newer EY practitioners are better prepared for leadership from their university training in comparison to more experienced EY practitioners

Multivariate Analysis of Dengue in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

BACKGROUND : Dengue is a viral infection with potential fatal complications. It is considered as one of the worlds major emerging tropical diseases. More than 2.5 billion people are at risk of infection and more than 100 countries have endemic transmission. The emergence and reemergence of dengue is attributed to demographic and societal changes with increased movement of people from endemic areas and inadequate mosquito control measures. It is an emerging disease in Tamilnadu. Dengue virus is an enveloped ssRNA virus of 45-50 nm belonging to Genus flavivirus and Family flaviviridae. Dengue is transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. It causes wide spectrum of illness ranging from undifferentiated illness to Dengue haemorrhagic fever and Dengue shock syndrome. Specific IgM and IgG detection has been the mainstay of diagnosis for a long time. Dengue specific antigen is found to be highly specific and reliable marker from the first day of diagnosis. AIM AND OBJECTIVES : To study the multivariate analysis of Dengue with serological differentiation of primary (PD) and secondary dengue (SD), comparative evaluation of Immunochromatography (ICT) with Immunocapture Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) and special emphasis on Nonstructural protein( NS1) antigen as an early diagnostic marker . To correlate Dengue clinically with haematological and biochemical profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS : After taking informed consent, blood was drawn from three hundred and fifty suspected cases and were subjected to both ICT and ELISA.ELISA positive cases were analysed further. Accuracy indices of ICT were calculated using ELISA as reference assay. RESULTS : Out of 350 samples tested ,107 were positive by ELISA (30.5%) for one or more serological markers. The common age group affected were 0-10 years in both sexes with male : female ratio of 1.6:1.Incidence was high during November to December 2011& January , May, june & July 2012. Clinically seropositives were classified as Dengue fever, Dengue haemorrhagic fever and Dengue shock syndrome. There was significant association of thrombocytopenia, HCT and WBC count with Dengue fever, DHF and DSS. The107 seropositives by ELISA were categorized as primary and secondary dengue based on duration of fever and serological markers. Out of 107, 27 were positive for NS1only, 9 were positive for IgM alone, only 6 showed IgG alone. More than one marker was detected in the remaining 65 samples. In 48 primary dengue cases NS1 had higher positivity and in secondary dengue IgM&IgG ratio >1 had higher positivity. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of the ICT were calculated using ELISA as reference for individual markers which showed moderate performance. Haematological and biochemical profile also showed statistical significance in association with Dengue fever, DHF and DSS. CONCLUSION : Inclusion of NSI in the routine diagnosis of dengue increases the detection rate of cases significantly in the early period. Irrespective of fever duration, all the three ELISA must be done to rule out Dengue infection like NS1, IgM, and IgG. Immunocapture ELISA is reliable and sensitive than ICT even though it is highly specific. Haematological and biochemical tests should also be given importance along with serological markers for dengue diagnosis and management

A Prospective Randomized Single Blinded Comparison of the Effects of Caudally Administered Levobupivacaine 0.25%, Bupivacaine 0.25% and Ropivacaine 0.25% on Pain and Motor Blockade In Children Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgeries

BACKGROUND: Caudal anesthesia is widely used as intraoperative and postoperative analgesia in children for infraumblical surgeries to reduce stress response to surgery and to facilitate general anesthesia. AIM OF THE STUDY: The Aim of the study is to compare the effects of caudal Bupivacaine 0.25%,Levobupivacaine 0.25% and Ropivacaine 0.25% in children undergoing lower abdominal surgeries. Primary outcome measured the degree of analgesia and motor blockade postoperatively.Secondary outcome measured the hemodynamic parameters and adverse effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized, single blinded study included 75 patients. Patients were divided into 3 groups. L (levobupivacaine) 1ml/kg 0.25%, B(bupivacaine) 1ml/kg 0.25%,and R group (ropivacaine) 1ml/kg 0.25%. Postoperative pain was assessed by CHILDREN AND INFANTS POSTOPERATIVE PAIN SCALE(CHIPPS) and motor block by BROMAGE SCALE. RESULT: The mean duration of analgesia for Bupivacaine group is 6.06 hours ; Levobupivacaine group -5.91 hours and ropivacaine group, 5.85 hours. The difference statistically insignificant.(p = 0.412). The mean duration of motor blockade in Bupivacaine group is 2.3 hours whereas in Levobupivacine it is 1.51 hours and in Ropivacine group it is 1.39 hours which is significant statistically with a p value of 0.001. There is no difference with respect to hemodynamic changes within the three groups. CONCLUSION: The study result concludes that caudal Levobupivacaine (0.25%) and Ropivacaine (0.25%) provides an equally effective postoperative analgesia in children, with a lesser degree of motor blockade and an increased safety margin when compared with Bupivacaine (0.25%), facilitating them a suitable agent for day care surgery