On-Farm Costos of Reducing environmental degradation under risk

Farmers respond to environmental regulations by adjusting production practices so as to comply while minimizing their loss in expected income. Ultimately the cost of agro environmental regulation is determined by farm level adjust¬ments. Our farm level simulation framework assesses economic and environmental impacts of hypothetical pesticide restrictions in the context of continuing soil conservation efforts.

A Review on Wireless Power Transfer

This paper is a review of the various designs put forward by various people regarding the Wireless Power Transfer (WPT). Here the designs have been discussed, along with the purpose that the design can be used for, the efficiency of the power produced and also the ways to improve the efficiency of the design. The values of various parameters and diagrams used are based on the experimental results of various researchers. Finally, a suitable conclusion has been drawn regarding the best design, which can be used for WPT taking into consideration the various associated factors that have been discussed here

Dyspnea Experience and Dyspnea Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Bangladesh

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate dyspnea experience and dyspnea management intervention used by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients in Bangladesh.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. The symptom management model developed by Dodd et al. was used to guide the study. Data were collected from 140 COPD patients by using self-report questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data.Results: The patients perceived dyspnea difficulty within the past 24 hours and within the past 7 days at moderate level. The most used dyspnea management methods included bronchodilators, leaning forward position, and keeping still. The patients perceived bronchodilators as somewhat effective method and perceived leaning forward position as quite a bit effective method in reducing dyspnea.Conclusion: The study could guide nurses to promote dyspnea management intervention for COPD patients in Bangladesh, in order to enhance higher quality of life

Face Biometric Cloud Authentication Access Using Extreme Learning Class Specific Linear Discriminant Regression Classification Method

The Extreme Learning Class Specific Linear Discriminant Regression Classification used in this proposed system aims at improving the accuracy and recognition rate of the face biometric identification for secured cloud access. The accuracy is improved by maximizing and minimizing the reconstruction error. The between class reconstruction error (BCRE) and within-class reconstruction error (WCRE) are the two values simultaneously increased and decreased for every sample to provide improved accuracy. By selecting the suitable value of WCRE, the learned projection matrix for the discriminant subspace is identified. The class specific representation is implemented for the label created in feature vector to further improve the efficiency of identifying a face. Based on the classification results given by the proposed EL-CSLDRC method, an efficient access of secured data from the big data cloud system is promoted

Effects of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and its metabolites on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cytokine production by THP-1 monocytes and macrophages

Epidemiological evidence suggests cardioprotective effects of anthocyanin consumption. This study examined the predominant strawberry anthocyanin, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pg-3-glc), and three of its plasma metabolites (protocatechuic acid [PCA], 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and phloroglucinaldehyde [PGA]) for effects on the production of selected cytokines by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 monocytes and macrophages. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were determined using a cytometric bead array kit. PCA at 0.31, 1.25 and 20 μM and PGA at 5 and 20 μM decreased the concentration of IL-6 in the monocyte cultures, but there were no effects on TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-10 and there were no effects of the other compounds. In the macrophage cultures, PGA at 20 μM decreased the concentrations of IL-6 and IL-10, but there was no effect on TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 and there were no effects of the other compounds. In conclusion, while the effects of PGA were only observed at the higher, supraphysiological concentration and are thus considered of limited physiological relevance overall, the anti-inflammatory properties of PCA were observed at both the lower, physiologically relevant, and the higher concentrations; however, effects were modest and limited to IL-6 and monocytes. These preliminary data suggest potential for physiologically attainable PCA concentrations to modulate IL-6 production by monocytes

Smart Vehicle System Using Arduino

Transportation is a basic need of society and with the increasing population; indirectly there is an increase in the vehicle density, which may lead to many road accidents resulting in injuries and sometimes lead to death. To prevent this particularly, a system has been designed for accident location detection, accident prevention due to the upper issue of the dipper and anti-collision system. In this system, the shock sensor, ultrasonic sensor and temperature sensor are used as an input to the system along with GPS and GSM for real-time analysis and corresponding responses are analyzed; if any hazard occurs, the processing unit (Arduino) will take the appropriate action

Performance Improvement of Cloud Computing Data Centers Using Energy Efficient Task Scheduling Algorithms

Cloud computing is a technology that provides a platform for the sharing of resources such as software, infrastructure, application and other information. It brings a revolution in Information Technology industry by offering on-demand of resources. Clouds are basically virtualized datacenters and applications offered as services. Data center hosts hundreds or thousands of servers which comprised of software and hardware to respond the client request. A large amount of energy requires to perform the operation.. Cloud Computing is facing lot of challenges like Security of Data, Consumption of energy, Server Consolidation, etc. The research work focuses on the study of task scheduling management in a cloud environment. The main goal is to improve the performance (resource utilization and redeem the consumption of energy) in data centers. Energy-efficient scheduling of workloads helps to redeem the consumption of energy in data centers, thus helps in better USAge of resource. This is further reducing operational costs and provides benefits to the clients and also to cloud service provider. In this abstract of paper, the task scheduling in data centers have been compared. Cloudsim a toolkit for modeling and simulation of cloud computing environment has been used to implement and demonstrate the experimental results. The results aimed at analyzing the energy consumed in data centers and shows that by having reduce the consumption of energy the cloud productivity can be improved

Detachment of Membrane Bound Virions by Competitive Ligand Binding Induced Receptor Depletion

Multivalent receptor-mediated interactions between virions and a lipid membrane can be weakened using competitive nonpathogenic ligand binding. In particular, the subsequent binding of such ligands can induce detachment of bound virions, a phenomenon of crucial relevance for the development of new antiviral drugs. Focusing on the simian virus 40 (SV40) and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB), and using (monosialotetrahexosyl)ganglioside (GM1) as their common receptor in a supported lipid bilayer (SLB), we present the first detailed investigation of this phenomenon by employing the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy assisted 2D single particle tracking (SPT) techniques. Analysis of the QCM-D-measured release kinetics made it possible to determine the binding strength of a single SV40-GM1 pair. The release dynamics of SV40, monitored by SPT, revealed that a notable fraction of SV40 becomes mobile just before the release, allowing to estimate the distribution of SV40-bound GM1 receptors just prior to release

Need for a gender-sensitive human security framework: results of a quantitative study of human security and sexual violence in Djohong District, Cameroon

Background: Human security shifts traditional concepts of security from interstate conflict and the absence of war to the security of the individual. Broad definitions of human security include livelihoods and food security, health, psychosocial well-being, enjoyment of civil and political rights and freedom from oppression, and personal safety, in addition to absence of conflict. Methods: In March 2010, we undertook a population-based health and livelihood study of female refugees from conflict-affected Central African Republic living in Djohong District, Cameroon and their female counterparts within the Cameroonian host community. Embedded within the survey instrument were indicators of human security derived from the Leaning-Arie model that defined three domains of psychosocial stability suggesting individuals and communities are most stable when their core attachments to home, community and the future are intact. Results: While the female refugee human security outcomes describe a population successfully assimilated and thriving in their new environments based on these three domains, the ability of human security indicators to predict the presence or absence of lifetime and six-month sexual violence was inadequate. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the study demonstrates that common human security indicators do not uncover either lifetime or recent prevalence of sexual violence. Conclusions: These data suggest that current gender-blind approaches of describing human security are missing serious threats to the safety of one half of the population and that efforts to develop robust human security indicators should include those that specifically measure violence against women