Neoliberal Postmodernity and Hyperimperialism

The article describes transformation of the ideology of liberalism and the associated practices of economic domination at the transition stage from the socio-philosophical Modern paradigm to Postmodern paradigm.Aim. Identify the link between the rhetoric of modern liberalism, Postmodern paradigms and trends in the evolution of the world economic system.Tasks. Consider the historical conditions for the formation of liberal and neo liberal ideology; determine the place of neoliberal discourse in the ideological landscape of our time; correlate it with other relevant discourses that claim to explain economic, social and cultural processes; to analyze the features of modern practices of developed countries economic domination in relations with the others world countries.Methods. The article, using logical analysis, establishes the main features of modern liberal ideology, allowing us to talk about a new stage in the history of the liberalism development. Comparative analysis allows us to find out the points of liberalism convergence at this stage with other ideological directions in present time. However, statistical analysis reveals important economic factors impeding the reduction of the distance between developed and developing countries.Results. The study showed that to date, the liberal discourse has undergone significant changes, which allows us to talk about a completely new stage in the development of liberal ideology. On the one hand, it was significantly influenced by a general paradigm shift that affected the entire spectrum of socio-economic thought in the 20th century, which we define as an intensifying transition from the Modern paradigm to the Postmodern paradigm. On the other hand, the analysis of the historical path of imperialism and its inherent practices of domination also allows us to talk about its sig nificant transformation in the conditions of the post-industrial economy and the information society. Parallel consideration of these aspects (ideological and practical), the continuous correlation of theory with economic realities allows the authors to define such a complex concept as hyper imperialism. This term is proposed to be used to refer to a specific form of imperialism in a post-industrial manner. At the same time, the intrinsic inseparability of various types of expansion — economic, ideological and, more broadly, civilizational — is taken as its key feature.Conclusion. In the context of a large-scale socio-economic and ideological transformation of a global nature, the need for new forms and means of confronting economic hegemony and finding a path to independent economic and social development is increasing

Fluorination as effective method for tuning the electromagnetic response of graphene

Fluorinated graphene (FG) has been obtained by a fluorination of thermally exfoliated graphite fluoride C2F layers using a gaseous mixture of BrF3 and Br2 at room temperature. Comparative study of electromagnetic (EM) response of thin FG films after recovering their conductivity via different methods is presented in microwave (GHz) and terahertz (THz) frequency ranges. We discovered that fluorination can be used as promising tool for producing tunable EM interference (EMI) shielding materials, combining reflective and absorptive layers

Effect of annealing on the corrosion-fatigue strength and hot salt corrosion resistance of fine-grained titanium near-{\alpha} alloy Ti-5Al-2V obtained by Rotary Swaging

The corrosion-fatigue strength in 3% aqueous NaCl solution and the resistance against hot salt corrosion (HSC) of the fine-grained near-a alloy Ti-5Al-2V (Russian analog of Grade 9 titanium alloy with increased aluminum content) has been studied. The properties of the Ti-5Al-2V alloy in the coarse-grained state, in the fine-grained after cold Rotary Swaging (RS), in partly recrystallized state, and in fully recrystallized one have been investigated. The mechanical properties of the alloy were characterized using compression tests and microhardness measurements. The effects of RS and of the annealing temperature and time on the character of corrosion destruction of the surface and on the composition of the products of the HSC were studied. RS was shown to result in an increase in the depth of the intergranular corrosion defects while the recrystallization annealing promotes the increasing of the corrosion resistance of the Ti-5Al-2V titanium alloy. The parameters of the Basquin equation for the corrosion-fatigue curves for the near-a Ti-5Al-2V alloy in the coarse-grained state, in the severely strained one, and after recrystallization annealing were determined for the first time. An effect of nonmonotonous dependencies of the slopes of the corrosion-fatigue curves for the strained near-a Ti-5Al-2V alloy on the recrystallization annealing temperature has been observed.Comment: 46 pages, 1 table, 19 figures, 64 reference

Укорачивающая резекция и коррекция длины голени при лечении посттравматических дефектов большеберцовой кости, осложненных остеомиелитом

Background. Severe fractures of the shin bones are often accompanied by the formation of defects in the tibia, suppuration and soft tissue necrosis. In the case of surgical treatment of fractures, infectious complications reach 3.6-9.1%. One of the methods of treatment of infected defects is resection of the ends of the tibia with shortening. This operation has proven to be effective in the treatment of fresh fractures. The relevance of the work is due to the prospects of using this technique in the treatment of the consequences of fractures with the formation of infected defects of the tibia.Aim of the study. Improving the results of treatment of patients with post-traumatic defects of the tibia complicated by osteomyelitis by performing a shortening resection with simultaneous or sequential correction of the segment length.Material and methods. The results of treatment of 65 patients with diaphyseal post-traumatic tibial defects complicated by osteomyelitis were analysed. They were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 was formed by 31 (47.7%) patients, they underwent shortening resection of the ends of bone fragments in the defect zone with simultaneous lengthening at another level. Group 2 included 34 (52.3%) patients who underwent a shortening resection of the tibia without lengthening. In all cases, the Ilizarov apparatus was used as a fixator.Results. The technique for assessing the size of the true defect of the tibia was optimized taking into account the initial shortening of the segment and the distance between the proximal and distal fragments after resection of their ends. A treatment regimen was developed depending on the level of localization of the tibial defect, and the results of treatment of patients in the compared groups were assessed.Conclusion. Shortening resection is an effective treatment for patients with post-traumatic tibial defects complicated by osteomyelitis. Depending on the level of localization of the defect, it is advisable to carry out treatment according to one of two possible options. When the defect is localized in the upper and middle third of the tibia, shortening resection in an isolated form is shown. If the defect is localized in the lower third of the tibia, it is possible to supplement the shortening resection with an osteotomy in the upper third with Ilizarov lengthening. Актуальность. Тяжелые переломы костей голени нередко сопровождаются образованием дефектов большеберцовой кости, нагноением и формированием некрозов мягких тканей. При оперативном лечении переломов инфекционные осложнения достигают частоты 3,6–9,1%. Одним из методов лечения инфицированных дефектов является резекция концов большеберцовой кости с укорочением с одновременной или последовательной коррекцией длины сегмента. Эта операция доказала свою эффективность при лечении свежих переломов. Актуальность работы обусловлена перспективностью применения данной методики при лечении последствий переломов с образованием инфицированных дефектов большеберцовой кости.Цель работы. Улучшение результатов лечения пациентов с посттравматическими дефектами большеберцовой кости, осложненными остеомиелитом, путем выполнения укорачивающей резекции с одновременной или последовательной коррекцией длины сегмента.Материал и методы. Проанализировали результаты лечения 65 пациентов с диафизарными посттравматическими дефектами большеберцовой кости, осложненными остеомиелитом, которых разделили на две группы. Группу 1 сформировал 31 пациент (47,7%), им выполнили укорачивающую резекцию концов костных фрагментов в зоне дефекта с одновременным удлинением на другом уровне. В группу 2 вошли 34 пациента (52,3%), которым выполнили укорачивающую резекцию большеберцовой кости без удлинения. Во всех случаях в качестве фиксатора использовали аппарат Илизарова.Результаты. Оптимизировали методику оценки величины истинного дефекта большеберцовой кости с учетом исходного укорочения сегмента и расстояния между проксимальным и дистальным фрагментами после резекции их концов. Разработали схему лечения в зависимости от уровня локализации дефекта большеберцовой кости, оценили результаты лечения пациентов в сравниваемых группах.Выводы. Укорачивающая резекция является эффективным методом лечения пациентов с посттравматическими дефектами большеберцовой кости, осложненными остеомиелитом. В зависимости от уровня локализации дефекта целесообразно проводить лечение по одному из двух возможных вариантов. При локализации дефекта в верхней и средней трети большеберцовой кости показана укорачивающая резекция в изолированном виде. При локализации дефекта в нижней трети большеберцовой кости возможно укорачивающую резекцию дополнить остеотомией в верхней трети с удлинением по Илизарову.

Prospects in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

Tendencies in five main branches of atomic spectrometry (absorption, emission, mass, fluorescence and ionization spectrometry) are considered. The first three techniques are the most widespread and universal, with the best sensitivity attributed to atomic mass spectrometry. In the direct elemental analysis of solid samples, the leading roles are now conquered by laser-induced breakdown and laser ablation mass spectrometry, and the related techniques with transfer of the laser ablation products into inductively-coupled plasma. Advances in design of diode lasers and optical parametric oscillators promote developments in fluorescence and ionization spectrometry and also in absorption techniques where uses of optical cavities for increased effective absorption pathlength are expected to expand. Prospects for analytical instrumentation are seen in higher productivity, portability, miniaturization, incorporation of advanced software, automated sample preparation and transition to the multifunctional modular architecture. Steady progress and growth in applications of plasma- and laser-based methods are observed. An interest towards the absolute (standardless) analysis has revived, particularly in the emission spectrometry.Comment: Proofread copy with an added full reference list of 279 citations. A pdf version of the final published review may be requested from Alexander Bol'shakov <[email protected]

The mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein recognition by the human 14-3-3 proteins

The coronavirus nucleocapsid protein (N) controls viral genome packaging and contains numerous phosphorylation sites located within unstructured regions. Binding of phosphorylated SARS-CoV N to the host 14-3-3 protein in the cytoplasm was reported to regulate nucleocytoplasmic N shuttling. All seven isoforms of the human 14-3-3 are abundantly present in tissues vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2, where N can constitute up to ∼1% of expressed proteins during infection. Although the association between 14-3-3 and SARS-CoV-2 N proteins can represent one of the key host-pathogen interactions, its molecular mechanism and the specific critical phosphosites are unknown. Here, we show that phosphorylated SARS-CoV-2 N protein (pN) dimers, reconstituted via bacterial co-expression with protein kinase A, directly associate, in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, with the dimeric 14-3-3 protein, but not with its monomeric mutant. We demonstrate that pN is recognized by all seven human 14-3-3 isoforms with various efficiencies and deduce the apparent KD to selected isoforms, showing that these are in a low micromolar range. Serial truncations pinpointed a critical phosphorylation site to Ser197, which is conserved among related zoonotic coronaviruses and located within the functionally important, SR-rich region of N. The relatively tight 14-3-3/pN association could regulate nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and other functions of N via occlusion of the SR-rich region, and could also hijack cellular pathways by 14-3-3 sequestration. As such, the assembly may represent a valuable target for therapeutic intervention

СИНТЕЗ И ХАРАКТЕРИЗАЦИЯ ТРИМЕТИЛ(ФЕНИЛ)СИЛАНА — ПРЕДШЕСТВЕННИКА ДЛЯ ГАЗОФАЗНЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ ОСАЖДЕНИЯ ПЛЕНОК SiCx : H

The technique of synthesis and purification of trimethyl(phenyl)silane PhSiMe3, allowing to obtain the product with high yield. Individuality of the product was confirmed by elemental analysis for C, H, Si. IR, UV and 1H NMR–spectroscopic studies, defined its spectral characteristics. Complex thermal analysis and thermogravimetric defined thermoanalytical behavior effects of PhSiMe3 in an inert atmosphere. Tensimetric studies have shown that the compound has sufficient volatility and thermal stability for use as a precursor in the process of chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The composition and temperature limits of the possible crystalline phase complexes in equilibrium with the gas phase of different composition has been determed by method of thermodynamic modeling. Calculated CVD diagrams allow us to select the optimum conditions of film deposition. The possibility of using trimethyl(phenyl)silane in CVD processes for producing dielectric films of hydrogenated silicon carbide has been demonstrated. Разработана методика синтеза и очистки триметил(фенил)силана PhSiMe3, позволяющая получать целевой продукт с высоким выходом. Индивидуальность соединения подтверждена элементным анализом на C, H, Si. ИК−, УФ− и ЯМР−спектроскопическими исследованиями (1Н, 13C, 29Si) определены его спектральные характеристики. С помощью комплексного термического анализа определены термоаналитические и термогравиметрические эффекты поведения PhSiMe3 в инертной атмосфере. На основе данных тензометрических исследований показано, что это соединение обладает достаточной летучестью и термической устойчивостью для использования в качестве прекурсора в процессах химического осаждения из газовой фазы (CVD). Методом термодинамического моделирования определен состав и температурные границы возможных кристаллических фазовых комплексов в равновесии с газовой фазой различного состава. Рассчитанные CVD− диаграммы позволяют выбрать оптимальные условия процессов осаждения из газовой фазы пленок. Показана возможность использования PhSiMe3 в процессах CVD для получения диэлектрических пленок гидрогенизированного карбида кремния.