[Brain metabolism alterations in patients with anorexia nervosa observed in 1H-MRS]

Contains fulltext : 48323.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)The causes of metabolic brain changes in patients with anorexia nervosa are still not fully explained. The purpose of this study was to use the 1H-MRS method in investigating metabolic changes in the brain of patients with anorexia nervosa. We studied 10 patients for visible alternations in brain metabolism and compared the results to healthy controls. 1H-MRS was acquired by the method of single voxels in white and grey matter. Proton MRS was performed after image guided localization using stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) sequence with a short echo time of 20 ms. For data evaluation we used standard Siemens software and the additional PC. Choosing of the MRS sequences was related with particular interest in metabolites of short time echo: myoinositol and lipids. Besides this we evaluated peaks of: N-acetylaspartate (NAN), creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho). The results show significant differences in the levels of metabolites connected with fatty metabolism. In white matter we observed the reduction of lip-peak. The data was evaluated approximately and presented as lip:Cr. We did not observe any differences in other metabolites. As far as we know similar results had been reported and our study confirmed significant disorders in metabolism of these chemicals in patients with anorexia nervosa

Changes trends in tourism development in Poland in the years 2004-2016

The aim of the work was to assess the development of the accommodation base and its quality in Polandin 2004-2016. The spatial diversity of tourist facilities in Poland was also pointed out. The data of theCentral Statistical Office was analyzed. The research shows that since 2004, both the number of Polish andforeign tourists has been increasing. Tourists opted for a higher standard of accommodation. The largestselection of such facilities was available in the Pomorskie, Zachodniopomorskie and Małopolskie provinces

Repeated lead extraction – the new challenge. Experience from 3207 TLE procedures

Abstract Background Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is optimal option of management of lead-related problems. Usually the procedure has favourable long-term effect. Most of patients get the new or restored pacing system and risk of following lead-related problems may occur again. The knowledge about re-extraction procedures is limited. Methods In high volume centre during the last 15 years 3207 TLE procedures were performed and 1–6 leads (aver 1,65, with mean oldest implant duration 96,6 mth) were extracted using as first line non-powered mechanical tools. Other tools were used if necessary. We analysed data of first TLE procedures and repeated extractions. Results Are presented in the table. Re-extractions include 4,3% of all TLE procedures. Re-infection is less frequent reason for re-extraction (26,8%). Most re-extractions were performed because of dysfunction or damage of lead, which was newly implanted (56) or preserved during previous TLE (20). The last one indicates, that during TLE procedure it should be considered to replace all existing leads, not only these damaged or dysfunctional. Conclusion Re-extractions are safe procedures with very good results. Previously performed extraction is not a risk factor for another TLE procedure. Re-extraction should not be avoided in lead management strategy. Table 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None </jats:sec