Institutional mimesis: an experimental study on the grounding of legal concepts

Legal institutions, legal systems, law in general are human artefacts: Not only they are human-dependent entities—a lot of things are human-dependent and are not artefacts: pollution, for example—, but they are created by humans as the object and outcome of a specific, intentional process of creation. This is an idea that can be seen as an assumption of both legal positivism and legal realism. Indeed, one could say that these two traditional conceptions decline in different ways the same artefactual nature of law: On the one hand, legal positivism focuses on the fact that law is an artefact created by an authority; on the other hand, legal realism focuses on the fact that law is an artefact whose functioning requires recognition and enforcement, and whose purpose and plan must be continuously adapted through a process of interpretation and re-interpretation

International Master Program on Mechatronic Systems for Rehabilitation

This paper describes a second level of university course called Master in France, Laurea Magistrale in Italy, jointly organized by UPMC Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris (France) and UniBS Università degli Studi di Brescia (Italy). During this "double-degree" course, students coming from these universities share two semesters while studying subjects related to mechatronics and biomechanics. At the end of the program the students obtain a double degree from both universities

Electroreduction of CO2 into chemicals with deep eutectic solvent (DES) as an electrolyte

openL'obiettivo di questa tesi è indagare il processo di assorbimento dell'anidride carbonica, prodotta in enormi quantità da risorse antropiche come la produzione di cemento, i processi di combustione dei combustibili fossili e la decomposizione di sostanze organiche, che è considerata la principale responsabile dei gas serra. Il dato preoccupante è che negli anni tra il 2000 e il 2010 la concentrazione di CO2 nell'atmosfera ha superato i valori limite. Trovare una soluzione ottimale per l'abbattimento/cattura di questa sostanza è oggi di fondamentale importanza. Lo studio è organizzato in due sezioni distinte. La parte iniziale si concentra sullo sviluppo e sulla caratterizzazione dei solventi eutettici profondi, DES, sia prima che dopo l'assorbimento dell'anidride carbonica. Ciò comporta un esame dettagliato del setup sperimentale e la formulazione di modelli per descrivere i parametri critici per i vari solventi. La sezione successiva esplora la conversione elettrochimica dell'anidride carbonica assorbita in questi solventi, che porta alla generazione di prodotti contenenti atomi di carbonio. Questa sezione fornisce una panoramica completa dell'impostazione sperimentale e dei vari test di caratterizzazione condotti. A conclusione dello studio, vengono presentati i risultati e le conclusioni relative all'argomento descritto.The objective of this thesis is to investigate the carbon dioxide absorption process, which is produced in enormous quantities by anthropogenic resources such as, cement production, fossil fuel combustion processes and the decomposition of organic substances, is considered as the major contributor to greenhouse gases. What is worrying is that in the years between 2000 and 2010, the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere exceeded the threshold limit values. Finding an optimal solution for the abatement/capture of this substance is now of paramount importance. The study is organized into two distinct sections. The initial part focused on the development and characterization of deep eutectic solvents, DESs, both prior to and after carbon dioxide absorption. This entails a detailed examination of the experimental setup and the formulation of models to describe critical parameters for various solvents. The subsequent section explores the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide absorbed within these solvents, leading to the generation of products containing carbon atoms. This section provides a comprehensive overview of the experimental setup and the various characterization tests conducted. At the conclusion of the study, the findings and conclusions pertaining to the described topic are presented