Predicting Auditors’ Opinions Using Financial Ratios and Non-Financial Metrics: Evidence from Iran

Purpose- The purpose of the paper is to investigate the extent to which a model based on financial and non-financial variables predicts auditors' decisions to issue qualified audit reports in the case of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Design/methodology/approach- The authors utilized data from the financial statements of 96 Iranian firms as the sample over a period of five years (2012-2016). A total of 480 observations were analysed using a probit model through 11 primary financial ratios accompanying non-financial variables, including the type of audit firm, auditor turnover and corporate performance, which affect the issuance of audit reports. Findings- The results demonstrated high explanatory power of financial ratios and type of audit firm (the national audit organization vs. other local audit firms) in explaining qualifications through audit reports. The predictive accuracy of the estimated model is evaluated using a regression model for the probabilities of qualified and clean opinions. The model is reliable, with 72.9 percent accuracy in classifying the total sample correctly to explain changes in the auditor's opinion. Practical implications- The paper has practical implications and can assist auditors in identifying factors motivating audit report qualifications, mainly in emerging economies. Originality/value- The paper contributes to auditing research, since very little is known about the determinants of audit opinion in emerging markets including Iran; it also constitutes an addition to previous knowledge about audit opinion in the context of TSE. The paper is one of the rare studies predicting auditor opinions using both financial variables and non-financial metrics

Staff Audit Practice Alert No. 10

Staff Audit Practice Alert No. 10 -- Maintaining and Applying Professional Skepticism in Audit

PCAOB Rulemaking Docket Matter No. 034

Proposed Auditing Standards – The Auditor\u27s Report On An Audit Of Financial Statements When The Auditor Expresses An Unqualified Opinion; The Auditor\u27s Responsibilities Regarding Other Information in Certain Documents Containing Audited Financial Statements and the Related Auditor\u27s Report; And related amendments to PCAOB Standard

An Empirical Analysis on Students’ Cheating Behavior and Personality Traits in the Context of Fraud Triangle Factors

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between personality traits and students' cheating behavior using the five-factor personality model and the fraud triangle factors. This chapter develops an evidential study that has the goal to determine the relationship between the students' cheating behavior and personality traits by using fraud triangle factors. In this context, 251 surveys have been conducted on students of a foundation university located in Istanbul. As means of data collection, NEO - Five Factor Inventory and Academic Fraud Risk Factors have been used. Data have been analyzed by regression tree analysis. Risk and classification tables have been created before starting the study with a decision tree in which classification and regression trees algorithms were implemented. The results reveal that rationalization behind the cheating is the most important reason for students to copy and people who believed that they were extremely appropriate to copy were responsible ones when analyzed in terms of their personality traits. The results of this study contribute to the literature by discovering the characteristics of those who admit academic dishonesty and underlie the factors or predispositions for engaging in this behavior. For sure, three factors of the fraud triangle may have different levels of significance in this study; in addition, pressure is not associated with the cheating behavior