TRANSCOLONOSCOPIC EXTRAPERITONEAL CECOSTOMY - A NEW THERAPEUTIC and TECHNICAL PROPOSAL

ALBERT EINSTEIN HOSP,DEPT ENDOSCOPY,BR-01401 São Paulo,BRAZILWeb of Scienc

Effects of ethanol on energy balance of rats and the inappropriateness of intraperitoneal injection

Energy balance of female rats that were either injected daily with ethanol or received the alcohol by gavage was determined and the results compared with saline animals. Food intake, feces elimination, and body weight were recorded daily. After a 20-day period of treatment the animals were sacrificed and the energy content of the carcasses and feces was determined by bomb calorimetry. the results indicated that ethanol-injected animals underwent an impairment in the energy balance, with losses in body weight and body energy. Also, there was a decrease in metabolizable energy intake. the results of a group of saline rats pair-fed to alcohol-injected rats showed that the impairment of the energy balance was not only a consequence of the decreased energy intake, because the ethanol-fed animals had an energy balance that was worse than the one of the pair-fed rats, even though both had eaten the same amount of food Nevertheless, when alcohol was given by gavage, no alteration in the energy balance parameters was detected. Macroscopic observation of the abdominal cavity showed adherences in the gut of the alcohol-injected animals. It is concluded that the ethanol by itself does not alter the energy balance; however, depending on the route of administration it could indirectly impair the energy balance. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Inc.Universidade Federal de São Paulo,ESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DEPT FISIOL,DISCIPLINA FISIOL RENAL & TERMOMETAB,BR-04023900 São Paulo,SP,BRAZILUniversidade Federal de São Paulo,ESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DEPT CIRUGIA,DISCIPLINA TECN OPERAT & CIRURGIA EXPT,BR-04023900 São Paulo,SP,BRAZILUniversidade Federal de São Paulo,ESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DEPT FISIOL,DISCIPLINA FISIOL RENAL & TERMOMETAB,BR-04023900 São Paulo,SP,BRAZILUniversidade Federal de São Paulo,ESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DEPT CIRUGIA,DISCIPLINA TECN OPERAT & CIRURGIA EXPT,BR-04023900 São Paulo,SP,BRAZILWeb of Scienc

Web-based learning in undergraduate medical education: development and assessment of an online course on experimental surgery

In order to increase the number of practical and discussion classes offered to students in the traditional-curriculum scenario, while decreasing the lecture-based ones and to create an online community to share knowledge on surgery, we developed and assessed the first online course for undergraduate medical students on experimental surgery at the Federal University of São Paulo-UNIFESP, Brazil. the purposes of the present study are: describe and discuss the process and the lessons learned involved in developing an undergraduate web-based course and analyze the students' attitude towards this educational environment.A group of medical students was taught online during 5 weeks on the theory of experimental surgery through video quizzes, required readings, collaborative activities using discussion board and asynchronous communication. the students' knowledge gain, their web session variables and the results of the course evaluation were used to support our study.The students have significantly improved their knowledge on experimental surgery after the course. Among factors in the online course that could possibly have contributed to this gain, the interactive activities (video quizzes), key element in our online material, seemed to be promising for candidates. the evaluation results demonstrated high levels of course functionality, effectiveness of its online content and acceptance among medical students. This study indicated that a web-based course for undergraduate students may be successfully developed and implemented in medical settings and the students seem to be quite supportive. We encourage undergraduate medical learning strategies involving the Web. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Hlth Informat Dept, Distance Learning Lab, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo, Discipline Expt Surg, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo, Sch Med, Discipline Mol Biol, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo, Sch Med, Head Mol Biol Grad Program, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Hlth Informat Dept, Distance Learning Lab, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo, Discipline Expt Surg, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo, Sch Med, Discipline Mol Biol, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo, Sch Med, Head Mol Biol Grad Program, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc