Integration of the Duke Activity Status Index into preoperative risk evaluation: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) questionnaire might help incorporate self-reported functional capacity into preoperative risk assessment. Nonetheless, prognostically important thresholds in DASI scores remain unclear. We conducted a nested cohort analysis of the Measurement of Exercise Tolerance before Surgery (METS) study to characterise the association of preoperative DASI scores with postoperative death or complications. METHODS: The analysis included 1546 participants (≥40 yr of age) at an elevated cardiac risk who had inpatient noncardiac surgery. The primary outcome was 30-day death or myocardial injury. The secondary outcomes were 30-day death or myocardial infarction, in-hospital moderate-to-severe complications, and 1 yr death or new disability. Multivariable logistic regression modelling was used to characterise the adjusted association of preoperative DASI scores with outcomes. RESULTS: The DASI score had non-linear associations with outcomes. Self-reported functional capacity better than a DASI score of 34 was associated with reduced odds of 30-day death or myocardial injury (odds ratio: 0.97 per 1 point increase above 34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.96-0.99) and 1 yr death or new disability (odds ratio: 0.96 per 1 point increase above 34; 95% CI: 0.92-0.99). Self-reported functional capacity worse than a DASI score of 34 was associated with increased odds of 30-day death or myocardial infarction (odds ratio: 1.05 per 1 point decrease below 34; 95% CI: 1.00-1.09), and moderate-to-severe complications (odds ratio: 1.03 per 1 point decrease below 34; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05). CONCLUSIONS: A DASI score of 34 represents a threshold for identifying patients at risk for myocardial injury, myocardial infarction, moderate-to-severe complications, and new disability

Association between Helicobacter pylori concentration and the combining frequency of histopathological findings in gastric biopsies specimens Associação entre a concentração de Helicobacter pylori e a freqüência de combinação de alterações histopatológicas em biopsias gástricas

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori is the most prevalent infectious agent worldwide. About 90% of patients with chronic gastritis are infected with this bacterium. Some studies have shown a association between the H. pylori concentration and the scores of gastritis activity and severity. AIM: To evaluate the association between H. pylori concentration and the combining frequency of findings on histopathological examination. METHODS: Two hundred consecutive gastric endoscopic biopsies diagnosed as chronic gastritis were retrospectively investigated. The Warthin-Starry silver stain was used to study H. pylori and the following parameters were assessed (according to the Sydney system): 1. infiltration by polymorphonuclear cells in chorio and epithelium (activity) graded as mild, moderate and marked; 2. presence of lymphoid follicles; 3. presence of intestinal metaplasia; 4. presence of regenerative cell atypias, graded as mild, moderate and marked; and 5. H. pylori concentration on the mucous covering the foveolar epithelium. RESULTS: The most frequent association was chronic gastritis and activity, regardless of H. pylori concentration. The association of five histopathological findings in the same biopsy has not occurred in the cases of higher concentration of H. pylori. CONCLUSION: Our study has not revealed any association between H. pylori concentration and an increasing in the number of histopathological findings found in the gastric mucosa. Since referring to its presence is much more important than to its concentration.<br>RACIONAL: O Helicobacter pylori é o agente infeccioso com maior prevalência em todo o mundo. Cerca de 90% dos pacientes com gastrite crônica têm infecção por esta bactéria. Alguns estudos demonstram correlação entre a concentração de H. pylori e o grau de severidade e atividade da gastrite. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a associação entre a concentração de H. pylori e a freqüência de combinações de alterações no exame histopatológico. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas, retrospectivamente, 200 biopsias gástricas endoscópicas consecutivas com o diagnóstico de gastrite crônica. A pesquisa de H. pylori foi realizada através da coloração de Warthin-Starry e foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros (segundo o sistema de Sydney): 1. infiltração de polimorfonucleares no cório e no epitélio (atividade), graduada em leve, moderada e acentuada; 2. presença de folículos linfóides; 3. presença de metaplasia intestinal; 4. presença de atipias celulares regenerativas, graduadas em leve, moderada e acentuada; e 5. concentração de H. pylori no muco que recobre o epitélio foveolar. RESULTADOS: A associação mais freqüente foi de gastrite crônica e atividade, independente da concentração de H. pylori. Associação de cinco achados histopatológicos numa mesma biopsia não ocorreu nos casos com maior concentração de H. pylori. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo não demonstrou associação entre a concentração de H. pylori e aumento no número de alterações histopatológicas encontradas na mucosa gástrica, mostrando ser importante referir sua presença e não sua concentração