163 research outputs found
Marine Strategy Framework Directive - Task Group 1 Report Biological Diversity
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC) (MSFD) requires that the European Commis-sion (by 15 July 2010) should lay down criteria and methodological standards to allow consistency in approach in evaluating the extent to which Good Environmental Status (GES) is being achieved. ICES and JRC were contracted to provide scientific support for the Commission in meeting this obligation.
A total of 10 reports have been prepared relating to the descriptors of GES listed in Annex I of the Directive. Eight reports have been prepared by groups of independent experts coordinated by JRC and ICES in response to this contract. In addition, reports for two descriptors (Contaminants in fish and other seafood and Marine Litter) were written by expert groups coordinated by DG SANCO and IFREMER respectively.
A Task Group was established for each of the qualitative Descriptors. Each Task Group consisted of selected experts providing experience related to the four marine regions (the Baltic Sea, the North-east Atlantic, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea) and an appropriate scope of relevant scien-tific expertise. Observers from the Regional Seas Conventions were also invited to each Task Group to help ensure the inclusion of relevant work by those Conventions. This is the report of Task Group 1 Biological diversity.JRC.DDG.H.5 - Rural, water and ecosystem resource
Os impactos nas rotinas organizacionais de startups provenientes das interações com fundos de Venture Capital
Os fundos de Venture Capital possuem um papel crucial para financiar a inovação a partir da utilização dos seus recursos financeiros. Em 2020, de acordo com a ABVCAP (Associação Brasileira de Venture Capital), essa modalidade de investimento chegou à importante marca de R 14.6 billion in transactions carried out. Considering the relevance of this financial agent in the innovation ecosystem and, mainly, in the development of startups, the need to understand what all the impacts generated after the contribution is made becomes evident. Among the possible impacts generated, this work sought to understand how startups' routines were changed from the interactions with the fund. Qualitative research was elaborated in an exploratory model, aimed at mapping the relevant variables between the Venture capital fund and organizational routines. To accomplish this, the research was divided into two stages, the first of which was linked to the understanding of characteristic factors of funds and startups that were relevant to determine the intensity of the influence of the first under the second on the company's management and, consequently, on its training and development of routines. The second stage sought to understand by which mechanisms the fund exerted its influence on the startups' routines and what consequences were brought about by each of the mechanisms presented. Regarding the intensity of influence, five main factors were identified: the startup's life stage at the time of investment, the profile of the startup's entrepreneurs, the maturity of the startup's internal management, the background of fund managers as entrepreneurs and the portfolio diversification strategy. As for the mechanisms, two main ones were observed, namely: the need for accountability and the experiences of fund managers. In general, it was observed that the mechanisms generate improvement in organizational routines and processes as the knowledge brought clear the scenario of possibilities that could be performed and what was the trend of possible results, making the routines and processes already created more efficiently and improved more quickly
Avaliação das técnicas de dispensação e orientação farmacêutica simuladas em curso de aperfeiçoamento farmacêutico : 2012 a 2016
Introdução: A dispensação de medicamentos e a orientação farmacêutica são atividades que envolvem habilidades técnicas e não-técnicas do profissional farmacêutico e que podem ser aperfeiçoadas e desenvolvidas. Nos anos 2012 a 2016, foi realizado curso de capacitação, de abrangência nacional, em parceria com o Ministério da Saúde e a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Nas seis primeiras edições, o curso foi voltado para a qualificação dos farmacêuticos atuantes na atenção básica/primária e, na sétima e última edição, para os farmacêuticos atuantes na saúde indígena. Uma das etapas do curso foi a simulação das técnicas de dispensação e orientação farmacêutica, através do role-play. Objetivos: Avaliar o desempenho dos farmacêuticos nas simulações das técnicas de dispensação e orientação farmacêutica realizadas nas diferentes edições do curso de aperfeiçoamento. Métodos: Estudo transversal e retrospectivo com análise das gravações das simulações e coleta de dados através de instrumento específico onde foram avaliados comportamentos, habilidades e conhecimentos técnicos dos participantes. Os resultados da pesquisa foram divididos em dois estudos: o primeiro artigo com os resultados das simulações de dispensação e orientação farmacêutica da atenção básica/primária e, o segundo, com os resultados das simulações de dispensação da saúde indígena. Resultados: Nos dois estudos os participantes apresentaram desempenho baixo a regular, com pontuações medianas iguais ou inferiores a 6. No primeiro estudo, os participantes tiveram melhor desempenho no caso simulado de asma. Na dispensação, o quesito com menor assertividade foi na verificação da disponibilidade de tempo do paciente e, na orientação, foi sobre o que fazer com a sobra dos medicamentos. No segundo estudo, a pontuação geral dos participantes variou de 2,4 a 8,3 pontos, de um escore máximo de 10 pontos. Os casos de infecção pediátrica foram os que apresentaram o pior desempenho entre os participantes. A média de tempo para realização da dispensação foi de 8,8 minutos. Conclusão: O desempenho regular a insatisfatório dos participantes nas simulações nos dois estudos reflete o despreparo dos farmacêuticos para a realização da dispensação e orientação farmacêutica.Introduction: The dispensation and pharmaceutical orientation are activities that involve not only technical but also non-technical skills of the pharmaceutical professional than can be improved as well as developed. Throughout the years of 2012 to 2016, a nationwide training course was held, in partnership between the Ministry of Health and the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. In the first six editions, the course focused on providing qualification for pharmacists that work in primary health care, in the seventh and last edition, for pharmacists working in indigenous health. One of the course stages was based on the simulation of dispensing techniques and pharmaceutical guidance through role-play. Objectives: To evaluate the pharmacists' performance in simulations of dispensing and pharmaceutical orientation techniques performed in different editions of the improvement course. Methods: Cross-sectional and retrospective study with analysis of simulations as well as data collection utilizing a specific instrument, being divided into two studies: the first with the results of simulations linked to primary health care and the second related to the results of indigenous health simulations. Results: In both studies, participants had poor to fair performance, with median scores equal to or lower than 6. In the first study, participants performed better in the simulated case of asthma. In dispensing, the issue with less assertiveness was in checking the patient's time availability and, in orientation, was what to do with the leftover medication. In the second study, the overall score of participants ranged from 2.4 to 8.3 points. The cases of pediatric infection presented the worst performance among the participants. The average time to perform the dispensation was 8.8 minutes. Conclusion: The regular and unsatisfactory performance of the participants in the simulations in both studies reflects the pharmacists' lack of preparation for dispensing and pharmaceutical guidance. The use of role-play as an active teaching-learning methodology has proved to be an alternative that allows professionals to improve and transform their practice
Natural language processing applied to archivology: an analysis of national and international scientific publications
TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação, Arquivologia.Com os avanços tecnológicos, e uso massivo de novas ferramentas para automatização de processos, distintas áreas do conhecimento tem feito uso do processamento de linguagem natural como base para desenvolvimento de sistemas, visando otimizar suas tarefas. Com a Arquivologia não é diferente, os fazeres arquivísticos demandam conhecimentos e práticas específicas, seja em contato com o papel ou em meios digitais, respeitados seus princípios. Nesse sentido, o uso dessas ferramentas tecnológicas pode auxiliar o arquivista em suas atividades, dentre elas, aqui elencadas, as funções arquivísticas: diagnóstico, criação/produção, classificação, avaliação, descrição/indexação, entrada de documentos, preservação/conservação, e difusão/acesso/acessibilidade. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar produções bibliográficas nacionais e internacionais sobre o processamento de linguagem natural (PLN) relacionados à Arquivologia, tendo por base as funções arquivísticas. Enquanto que os objetivos específicos são: a) levantar as produções nacionais e internacionais que abordam o tema PLN e Arquivologia; b) comparar o que foi recuperado no levantamento e identificação entre as bases nacionais e internacionais, tendo como referência as funções arquivísticas; c) identificar possibilidades de relação entre as funções arquivísticas e o PLN. Para responder aos objetivos, utilizou-se como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica. Como resultados, observou-se menor número de publicações nacionais em relação às publicações internacionais, principalmente aquelas relacionadas aos interesses da Arquivologia e Ciência da Informação, bem como maior diversidade nas publicações internacionais, o que permite assinalar que a temática tem sido mais abordada em âmbito internacional, do que no Brasil. Por fim, considera-se que a pesquisa em tela é inicial, que poderá servir de base para pesquisas futuras sobre o tema, que cada vez mais estará presente na vida dos arquivistas
Fatores associados ao óbito por covid-19 em hospital universitário do sul do Brasil: Estudo transversal
This is a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection that analyzed 356 patients admitted to a university hospital that serves as a reference for severe cases of COVID-19 during the first and second waves in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Mortality was the outcome of interest, and significant variables were subjected to Poisson regression. Ninety-nine patients (27.8%) had death as an outcome. Low education, admission in poor general condition, malnutrition, lack of prior diagnosis of COVID-19, the presence of symptoms other than flu or respiratory symptoms, and polypharmacy were more common in patients who died. Reduced glomerular filtration rate, D-Dimer, C-reactive protein, urea, and elevated International Normalized Ratio were found upon hospital admission in patients who died. No differences were found in deaths between periods of the pandemic. After multivariate analysis, the factors related to death, in decreasing order of prevalence, were institutionalization, prolonged mechanical ventilation (>21 days) or for up to 21 days, high International Normalized Ratio on admission, age over 65 years, need for dialysis, and acute respiratory insufficiency. The results help to understand the behavior of the disease and provide support for training and resource allocation in scenarios of exponential care demands, such as outbreaks and epidemics.Este é um estudo transversal com coleta de dados retrospectiva que analisou 356 pacientes internados em hospital universitário referência em casos graves por COVID-19 no período temporal da primeira e segunda onda no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A mortalidade foi o desfecho de interesse e variáveis significativas foram submetidas à regressão de Poisson. Noventa e nove (27,8%) pacientes tiveram óbito como desfecho. Baixa escolaridade, admissão em mal estado geral, desnutrição, ausência de diagnóstico prévio de COVID-19, apresentar outros sintomas que não gripais ou respiratórios e ter polifarmácia foram mais frequentes nos pacientes que morreram. Foram encontradas taxa de filtração glomerular reduzida, D-Dímero, proteína C reativa, uréia e Razão Normalizada Internacional elevadas quando da admissão hospitalar dos pacientes que morreram. Não foram encontradas diferenças nos óbitos entre os períodos da pandemia. Após análise multivariada, os fatores relacionados ao óbito, em ordem decrescente de prevalência, foram institucionalização, ventilação mecânica prolongada (>21 dias) e por até 21 dias, alta Razão Normalizada Internacional na admissão, idade acima de 65 anos, necessidade de diálise e insuficiência respiratória aguda. Os resultados auxiliam no conhecimento do comportamento da doença e fornecem subsídios para treinamento e alocação de recursos em cenários de demandas exponenciais de atendimento, como surtos e epidemias
Alterations in Tumor Aggression Following Androgen Receptor Signaling Restoration in Canine Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
In prostate cancer (PCa), androgens upregulate tumorigenesis, whereas in benign tissue, the revival of androgen receptor (AR) signaling suppresses aggressive behaviors, suggesting therapeutic potential. Dogs, natural PCa models, often lack AR in PCa. We restored AR in dog PCa to investigate resultant characteristics. Three AR-null canine PCa lines (1508, Leo, 1258) were transfected with canine wild-type AR and treated with dihydrotestosterone (DHT). In 1508, AR restoration decreased clonogenicity (p = 0.03), viability (p = 0.004), migration (p = 0.03), invasion (p = 0.01), and increased expression of the tumor suppressor NKX3.1, an AR transcriptional target (p = 0.001). In Leo, AR decreased clonogenicity (p = 0.04) and the expression of another AR transcriptional target FOLH1 (p < 0.001) and increased the expression of NKX3.1 (p = 0.01). In 1258, AR increased migration (p = 0.006) and invasion (p = 0.03). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker (Vimentin, N-cadherin, SNAIL1) expression increased with AR restoration in Leo and 1258 but not 1508; siRNA vimentin knockdown abrogated AR-induced 1258 migration only. Overall, 1508 showed AR-mediated tumor suppression; AR affected proliferation in Leo but not migration or invasion; and EMT and AR regulated migration and invasion in 1258 but not proliferation. This study highlights the heterogeneous nature of PCa in dogs and cell line-specific effects of AR abrogation on aggressive behaviors
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Isoquinolinamine FX-9 Exhibits Anti-Mitotic Activity in Human and Canine Prostate Carcinoma Cell Lines
Current therapies are insufficient for metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) in men and dogs. As human castrate-resistant PCa shares several characteristics with the canine disease, comparative evaluation of novel therapeutic agents is of considerable value for both species. Novel isoquinolinamine FX-9 exhibits antiproliferative activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines but has not been tested yet on any solid neoplasia type. In this study, FX-9's mediated effects were characterized on two human (PC-3, LNCaP) and two canine (CT1258, 0846) PCa cell lines, as well as benign solid tissue cells. FX-9 significantly inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis with concentrations in the low micromolar range. Mediated effects were highly comparable between the PCa cell lines of both species, but less pronounced on non-malignant chondrocytes and fibroblasts. Interestingly, FX-9 exposure also leads to the formation and survival of enlarged multinucleated cells through mitotic slippage. Based on the results, FX-9 acts as an anti-mitotic agent with reduced cytotoxic activity in benign cells. The characterization of FX-9-induced effects on PCa cells provides a basis for in vivo studies with the potential of valuable transferable findings to the benefit of men and dogs. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
Eventos adversos relacionados a medicamentos analisados pela sCOMSEQ AMPE/HCPA nos anos de 2018 a 2020
Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles derived from canine mammary tumour cell lines identifies protein signatures specific for disease state
Background
Canine mammary tumours (CMT) are among the most common types of tumours in female dogs. Diagnosis currently requires invasive tissue biopsies and histological analysis. Tumour cells shed extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing RNAs and proteins with potential for liquid biopsy diagnostics. We aimed to identify CMT subtype-specific proteome profiles by comparing the proteomes of EVs isolated from epithelial cell lines derived from morphologically normal canine mammary tissue, adenomas, and carcinomas.
Methods
Whole-cell protein lysates (WCLs) and EV-lysates were obtained from five canine mammary cell lines: MTH53A (non-neoplastic); ZMTH3 (adenoma); MTH52C (simple carcinoma); 1305, DT1406TB (complex carcinoma); and their proteins identified by LC-MS/MS analyses. Gene Ontology analysis was performed on differentially abundant proteins from each group to identify up- and down-regulated biological processes. To establish CMT subtype-specific proteomic profiles, weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out.
Results
WCL and EVs displayed distinct protein abundance signatures while still showing the same increase in adhesion, migration, and motility-related proteins in carcinoma-derived cell lines, and of RNA processing and RNA splicing factors in the adenoma cell line. WGCNA identified CMT stage-specific co-abundant EV proteins, allowing the identification of adenoma and carcinoma EV signatures not seen in WCLs.
Conclusions
EVs from CMT cell lines exhibit distinct protein profiles reflecting malignancy state, allowing us to identify potential biomarkers for canine mammary carcinomas, such as biglycan. Our dataset could therefore potentially serve as a basis for the development of a less invasive clinical diagnostic tool for the characterisation of CMT
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