Percepção Dos Auditores Federais Do Controle Externo Quanto À Autonomia Do Tribunal De Contas Da União

TCC (Graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Socioeconômico. Curso de Ciências ContábeisO objetivo dessa pesquisa é identificar a percepção dos Auditores Federais do Controle Externo (AUFC) sobre a estrutura funcional, administrativa e financeira da instituição (TCU), a qual é responsável pelo controle externo (junto ao Poder Legislativo). A metodologia utilizada foi a aplicação de questionário, por meio eletrônico, com uma amostra não probabilística, com a participação de Auditores de algumas secretarias regionais do controle externo. Após a coleta de dados, procedeu-se uma análise, predominantemente, qualitativa sobre os resultados obtidos. Pode-se observar que na percepção dos Auditores que compuseram a amostra, a Corte de Contas brasileira possui significativa independência institucional reconhecida em lei e demais normas que regem o TCU. Porém, os mesmo evidenciaram que a forma atual de escolha dos ministros, a existência de pressões externas, como influência política, e o quadro limitado de Auditores, nas Secretarias de Controle Externo (SECEX), afeta a autonomia administrativa e funcional da instituição, o que na prática prejudica a atuação da instituição no auxílio à transparência da gestão pública e no combate à corrupção. Outro ponto ressaltado, quanto à funcionalidade do TCU, foi a burocracia e a falta de tempestividade, tanto no planejamento e execução, como nas decisões posteriores à fiscalização, o que pode gerar viés e pouca efetividade dos resultados obtidos

Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca

The entropic brain hypothesis holds that the key facts concerning psychedelics are partially explained in terms of increased entropy of the brain's functional connectivity. Ayahuasca is a psychedelic beverage of Amazonian indigenous origin with legal status in Brazil in religious and scientific settings. In this context, we use tools and concepts from the theory of complex networks to analyze resting state fMRI data of the brains of human subjects under two distinct conditions: (i) under ordinary waking state and (ii) in an altered state of consciousness induced by ingestion of Ayahuasca. We report an increase in the Shannon entropy of the degree distribution of the networks subsequent to Ayahuasca ingestion. We also find increased local and decreased global network integration. Our results are broadly consistent with the entropic brain hypothesis. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of descriptions of "mind-expansion" frequently seen in self-reports of users of psychedelic drugs.Comment: 27 pages, 6 figure

Avaliação da fertilidade dos solos e adubação utilizada em algumas lavouras de soja.

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Calagem para soja recomendacao para o Estado do Parana.

Natureza da acidez do solo; Acidez do solo e sua neutralizacao; Resultados e recomendacoes tecnicas.bitstream/item/35343/1/1984-Comunicado-Tecnico.n.28.Calagem-21x28-OK.pd

The Psychedelic State Induced by Ayahuasca Modulates the Activity and Connectivity of the Default Mode Network

The experiences induced by psychedelics share a wide variety of subjective features, related to the complex changes in perception and cognition induced by this class of drugs. A remarkable increase in introspection is at the core of these altered states of consciousness. Self-oriented mental activity has been consistently linked to the Default Mode Network (DMN), a set of brain regions more active during rest than during the execution of a goal-directed task. Here we used fMRI technique to inspect the DMN during the psychedelic state induced by Ayahuasca in ten experienced subjects. Ayahuasca is a potion traditionally used by Amazonian Amerindians composed by a mixture of compounds that increase monoaminergic transmission. In particular, we examined whether Ayahuasca changes the activity and connectivity of the DMN and the connection between the DMN and the task-positive network (TPN). Ayahuasca caused a significant decrease in activity through most parts of the DMN, including its most consistent hubs: the Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC)/Precuneus and the medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC). Functional connectivity within the PCC/Precuneus decreased after Ayahuasca intake. No significant change was observed in the DMN-TPN orthogonality. Altogether, our results support the notion that the altered state of consciousness induced by Ayahuasca, like those induced by psilocybin (another serotonergic psychedelic), meditation and sleep, is linked to the modulation of the activity and the connectivity of the DMN.The Brazilian Federal Agencies: CNPq, CAPES; FINEP; The Sao Paulo State financial agency (FAPESP)

Value of Cover Crops in Suppressing Weeds and Protecting Cotton Yields and Likelihood of Residual Herbicide Carryover to Cover Crops

Weed-resistance management has become a topic of concern for modern agriculture. Cost related to herbicide usage has increased greatly due to evolution and proliferation of resistant weeds. Therefore, experiments were conducted to investigate the potential for using cover crops to suppress problematic weeds in cotton as well as chemical options for cover crop dessication, and sensitivity of cover crops to residual herbicides were evaluated. No differences were observed for cereal rye biomass production and consequently weed suppression between broadcast and drilled planting methods. Total amount of cover crop biomass was vital to effectively suppress weeds. Hence, of the cover crops evaluated, cereal rye proved to be superior to others for weed suppression due to its ability to produce large amounts of biomass. Cereal rye biomass production increased as the seeding rate increased, which led to greater weed suppression at a seeding rate of 112 kg ha-1 and 168 kg ha-1 compared to 56 kg ha-1. Control of cover crops prior to row crop planting can be difficult depending upon the cover crop species. Paraquat plus metribuzin and glufosinate adequately controlled the legume cover crops hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) and Austrian winterpea (Lathryrus hirsutus L). Cereal cover crops were completely controlled by glyphosate alone. Rapeseed was not effectively controlled by any of the termination options evaluated. Based on a herbicide carryover trial from corn, residual herbicides commonly applied in corn that will be rotated to a cover crop and eventually cotton have low risk to interfere with the cover crop establishment and development after corn harvest

Entre brechas e interstícios: o estigma da violência e do medo que recai sobre o graffiti

In the present essay, we propose a reconversion of the look, suggesting an understanding of the practice of graffiti less as an agent of degradation and insecurity and more as a communication entity. This being a manifestation of erratic and itinerant power, capable of exposing slits of the social normalized and regulated, we propose that the analysis of such phenomenon allows a greater understanding not only on the graffiti itself, but also on the city.No presente ensaio, propomos uma reconversão do olhar, sugerindo a compreensão da prática do graffiti menos enquanto agente da degradação e insegurança e mais como entidade de comunicação. Sendo esta uma manifestação de potência errática e itinerante, capaz de expor fendas do social normatizado e regulado, propomos que a análise de tal fenômeno oportuniza uma maior compreensão não só sobre o próprio graffiti, mas também sobre a cidade

Contratos com a União

O texto discute as diferenças entre contratos civis e administrativos, destacando que, embora ambos tenham raízes no direito civil, os contratos administrativos possuem características próprias, como a necessidade de competência específica do representante do Estado e a impossibilidade de contratos verbais ou por instrumento particular. Além disso, os contratos administrativos são mais flexíveis, podendo ser modificados durante sua execução, e exigem uma série de formalidades, como publicidade e aprovação pelo Tribunal de Contas, antes de serem considerados válidos. A obrigatoriedade de registro e a complexidade do rito evidenciam a diversidade jurídica entre esses contratos e os civis.Revista do Serviço Público - RSP, v. 4, n. 3, p 21-24Direito e LegislaçãoISSN Impresso: 0034-9240 ISSN Eletrônico: 2357-801

Fenômenos negativos no Sistema de Material

O decreto-lei n.° 2.206, de 20 de maio de 1940, transformou em Departamento Federal a Comissão Central de Compras, criada pelo Decreto n.° 19.587, de 14 de janeiro de 1931. Com outras medidas paralelas de caráter geral, realizou-se, assim, completamente, a estruturação do sistema de material, num sentido de unificação em todos os prismas benéfica. Ao novo departamento incumbiu a lei de adquirir todo o material permanente e de consumo necessário aos serviços públicos civis, a não ser os casos de compra em locais distantes da sede ou nos Estados, assim mesmo enquanto não fôssem organizadas as Agências do D .F .C .Revista do Serviço Público - RSP, ano 14, v.1, n. 1, 70-71 p.Gestão PúblicaISSN Impresso: 0034-9240 ISSN Eletrônico: 2357-801

Vertical ground reaction force analysis during gait with unstable shoes

Introduction: Footwear is no longer just an accessory but also a protection for the musculoskeletal system, and its most important characteristic is comfort. Objectives: This study aims to identify and to analyze the vertical ground reaction force in barefoot women and women with unstable shoes. Methodology: Five women aged 25 ± 4 years old and mass of 50 ± 7 kg participated in this study. An AMTI force plate was used for data acquisition. The 10 trials for each situation were considered valid where the subject approached the platform with the right foot and at the speed of 4 km/h ± 5%. The instable shoe of this study is used in the practice of physical activity. Results: The results showed that the first peak force was higher for the footwear situation, about 5% and significant differences between the barefoot and footwear situation. This significant difference was in the first and second peaks force and in the time of the second peak. Conclusion: The values showed that the footwear absorbs approximately 45% of the impact during gait