Uncovering Unused Messaging Tools for Motivating Pro-environmental Behavior

Environmental knowledge and awareness have small impacts on pro-environmental behavior (PEB). Decades of public information campaigns that inform the public how personal behaviors and consumer choices drive climate change have not changed behavior. Research into motivation for PEB change across disparate fields demonstrates new insights into what motivates behavioral change. This paper provides a review of those literatures, which have not been systematically brought together, in order to generate research questions and propose a new research agenda. The findings indicate the need to test how types of individuals, categorized by what motivates their behaviors, respond to different policy messaging tools

Influence of surfactant on dynamics of photoinduced motions and light emission of a dye-doped deoxyribonucleic

Pure deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is known to be soluble in water only and exhibits poor temperature stability. In contrary, it is well known that the complex of DNA - with cetyltrimethyl ammonium (CTMA) is insoluble in water but soluble in alcohols and can be processed into very good optical quality thin films by solution casting or spin deposition. Despite the success of DNA-CTMA, there is still need for new cationic surfactants which would extend the range of available solvents for DNA complex. We test and present experimental results of influence of new surfactants replacing CTMA in the DNA complex and based on benzalkonium chloride (BA) and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDCA) on their optical properties. Particularly, we were interested in all optical switching and light generation in amplified spontaneous emission process in these materials

On the origin of internal rotation in ammonia borane

The internal rotation in ammonia borane (AB) was studied on the basis of natural orbitals for chemical valence (NOCV) and eigenvectors for Pauli repulsion (NOPR). We found that the total hyperconjugation stabilization (ca. 5kcalmol − 1 ), based on the charge transfer from the occupied σ (B – H) orbitals into the empty σ *(N – H), slightly favors the staggered conformation over the eclipsed one; however, the barrier to internal rotation in ammonia borane can be understood predominantly in a ‘ classical ’ way, as originating from the steric (Pauli) repulsion contributions (of the kinetic origin) that act solely between N – HandB – H bonds. Repulsion be- tween the lone pair of ammonia and the adjacent B – H bonds was found to be dominant in absolute terms; however, it does not determine the rotational barrier. Similar conclusions on the role of CH ↔ HC repulsion appeared to be valid for isoelectronic ethane

Testing device for a complex measurement of the performances nozzles

The testing device for complex automatic measurements of agricultural nozzles (Fig.1), and some tests methods are presented. The developed methods provide information on the individual parameters of spraying quality of each studied nozzle. Results of those studies has been recorded in the electronic database, and then analyzed by means of a computer program which will also make it possible to eliminate faulty nozzles. Besides, results of the estimation for the nozzles considered to satisfy the requirements of the standards but examined on a 50 mm grooved table (according to the ISO standard 5681-1:1996) has been subjected to conversion to the requirements of the grooved table (100 mm). Differences results CV for virtual paternator and laboratory paternator tests were obtained: 0,4 to 3,1 percentage point. Conversion of the results will be performed by of the prepared computer program and adopted to practically use sprayer booms of agricultural nozzles (virtual paternator). This program will also determine the sequence of placing the nozzles on the spray boom. Program environment “R” is used on conversion of results

Rodzina w przestrzeni wychowawczej szkoły podstawowej – raport z badań

The article ‘Family in the educational space of primary school: research report’ addresses the issue of searching and implementing the new forms of school-family partnership in the context of forming the proper nurture attitudes in a reference to the main analysis directions, its sources and dimensions within a space of Primary School NO1 in Sianów. The open dispute over educational space in polish educational establishment leaded the article’s authors to the considerations of a school and a parent, a child and a teacher within, as one of the most important component of educational space. The interest of this component is justified by the polish school supervision system requirements, which aim at forming a proper, standard value system of a child including teacher-parent collaborative relationships and activities.Artykuł pt. „Rodzina w przestrzeni wychowawczej szkoły podstawowej – raport z badań” traktuje o poszukiwaniu i wdrażaniu nowych form współpracy szkoły i rodziców w kontekście kształtowania prawidłowych postaw wychowawczych u uczniów w odniesieniu do głównych kierunków analiz dotyczących tego zagadnienia, jego źródeł i wymiarów w przestrzeni Szkoły Podstawowej nr 1 w Sianowie. Istniejące kontrowersje wokół przestrzeni wychowawczej w placówkach oświatowych w Polsce sprowokowały autorów niniejszego artykułu do skoncentrowania swojej uwagi – na co wskazuje literatura przedmiotu, na jeden z najważniejszych składników przestrzeni edukacyjnej, którym jest szkoła, a w niej rodzic, uczeń i nauczyciel. Zainteresowanie tym składnikiem jestW artykule podjęto rozważania o poszukiwaniu i wdrażaniu nowych form współpracy szkoły i rodziców, w kontekście kształtowania prawidłowych postaw wychowawczych u uczniów w odniesieniu do głównych kierunków analiz dotyczących tego zagadnienia, jego źródeł i wymiarów, w Szkole Podstawowej nr 1 w Sianowie. Istniejące kontrowersje wokół przestrzeni wychowawczej w placówkach oświatowych w Polsce sprowokowały autorów niniejszego artykułu do skoncentrowania swojej uwagi – na co wskazywano w literaturze przedmiotu – na jeden z najważniejszych składników procesu edukacji, którym jest szkoła, a w niej rodzic, uczeń i nauczyciel. Zainteresowanie tym składnikiem jest w pełni uzasadnione pod względem wymogów stawianych przez system nadzoru pedagogicznego polskich szkół i placówek oświatowych, który w swych działaniach dąży do ukształtowania prawidłowego, zgodnego z normą systemu wartości dziecka przy aktywnym uczestnictwie rodzica i nauczyciela (Dz.U. z 2017 r., poz. 59 i 949). w pełni uzasadnione w kontekście wymogów stawianych przez system nadzoru pedagogicznego polskich szkół i placówek oświatowych, który w swych działaniach dąży do ukształtowania prawidłowego, zgodnego z normą systemu wartości dziecka przy aktywnym uczestnictwie rodzica i nauczyciela (Dz. U. z 2017 r. poz. 59 i 949)

The effect of the type of sprayer bodies on the obtained coefficient of variation of sprayed liquid deposition

In this work, the study results of retention uniformity of sprayed liquid deposition obtained from three kinds of nozzles mounted in sprayer bodies of various constructions were presented. For the tests, a five-spray body with a rotation axis of a spigot parallel to the sprayed surface, a three-spray body with a retention axis perpendicular to the sprayed surface and one-spray body were used. Changes in individual spraying nozzles were done by three operators. It was stated that the biggest differences in repeatability and reproducibility of adjustments were noted for five-spray bodies, however, minimum changes not exceeding the value of one percentage point were noted for single bodies. For triple bodies repeatability of obtained CV regardless of mounted nozzles changed maximum up to 1,5 percentage point and reproducibility of measurement changed from 0,5 to 0,8 percentage point.In this work, the study results of retention uniformity of sprayed liquid deposition obtained from three kinds of nozzles mounted in sprayer bodies of various constructions were presented. For the tests, a five-spray body with a rotation axis of a spigot parallel to the sprayed surface, a three-spray body with a retention axis perpendicular to the sprayed surface and one-spray body were used. Changes in individual spraying nozzles were done by three operators. It was stated that the biggest differences in repeatability and reproducibility of adjustments were noted for five-spray bodies, however, minimum changes not exceeding the value of one percentage point were noted for single bodies. For triple bodies repeatability of obtained CV regardless of mounted nozzles changed maximum up to 1,5 percentage point and reproducibility of measurement changed from 0,5 to 0,8 percentage point

Biological efficacy of the chemical chrysanthemums protection with the use of fine and coarse droplets

Studies of three years (2007-2009) were conducted at Czesławice in south- east of Poland .The objects of research were the plants of the one cultivar of chrysanthemum: Dark Tripoli. The following agents were used for protection: Dithane NeoTec 75 WG, Sumilex 500 SC, Amistar 250 SC. The treatment was carried out with the use of two types of nozzles: standard RS-MM 110 03 and ejector type ID 120 03 C. Observation was carried out once a year: in October. The number and health status of plants were determined and diseased plants were collected for analysis. The percentage of plants with disease symptoms was estimated for each plot. The best health status and yield were noticed for Amistar 250 SC

WORK STIMULATION OF THE SPRAYER FIELD BEAM WITH THE USE OF R PROGRAM

In this work the possibility of using R program to stimulate transverse distribution of sprayed liquid deposition and coefficient of variation (CV) obtained on the virtual field beam. Agricultural flat fan nozzles were tested by testing equipment where individual influence from the nozzle with a constant pressure and transverse distribution of the sprayed liquid deposition were characterized. Deposition was collected on the patternator with grooves of 50 mm wide, deposition quantity was automatically measured in measuring vessels and obtained quantities were saved in the equipment database. Sprayed liquid deposition from a single nozzle with a definite influence is saved as a normal distribution. “R” computer program enables to set distributions obtained from single nozzles in such a way so that it was possible to stimulate the work of a field beam at 50cm agricultural nozzle spacing. In this way one can evaluate regularity of a sprayed liquid deposition and determine coefficient of variability for “virtual” field beam of the agricultural sprayer

Testing the Uniformity of Spray Distribution Under Different Application Parameters

The study was conducted to determine the differences between commonly used nozzles TeeJet XR110-03 (new and used) during the testing of field boom sprayers on an electronic table (spray scanner) as they were affected by spraying pressure. The tests were carried out at three working pressures (2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 bar) and the uniformity of spraying, the liquid flow rate of the spray nozzles mounted on the field boom and the number of nozzles beyond the tolerance were determined. The spraying angle was also measured which could influence the coefficient of variation (CV) of the spray distribution. The results showed a poor CV value (more than 10%) as the operating pressure decreased for the new nozzles while they were (CV values) under 10% for the used nozzles at all the range of test pressure values. This suggests that the spray distribution uniformity test depends on the sprayer boom setting and operating factors more than on the work life of the nozzles