International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

Spatial Data Analysis For Ground Water Quality Assessment With Special Refrence To Iron - A Case Study Of Barna Watershed,Raisen District, Madhya Pradesh, India

Barna Watershed is a catchment of Barna River and its tributaries, lies in the Raisen district of Madhya Pradesh. The total area of Barna Watershed is approximately 1129 Sq. Km. The aim of the study was to analyze the observed ground water quality parameters and to create spatial map for drinking water purpose for Barna Watershed. For the above study ground water Samples were collected from the field and some GWQ data were collected from PHED, M.P and National Rural Development Water Programme (IMIS) website under Ministry of Drinking water &amp; Sanitation. The GWQ layers were generated separately for each element for Both Pre-Monsoon and Post-Monsoon Season, from the well point layers with the help of Inverse Distance weighted Method (IDW) interpolation technique using ArcGIS 9.3 software. Each element wise layer has been categorized into three categories (1) potable water in Desirable limits (2) Potable water in permissible limits (3) Non-potable ground water, as per BIS standard 2012. Integrating layers of pre-monsoon; pre-monsoon Ground Water Quality map has been prepared and integrating layers of post-monsoon; post-monsoon Ground Water Quality map has been prepared. Integrating the pre &amp; post monsoon Ground water quality map, final ground water quality class map has been prepared. The Final Ground Water Quality class map has been divided into 9 classes as the standard given by the NRSC, ISRO; Ground Water Quality, manual of RGNDWM-PH IV. The Final Ground Water Quality Class map of Barna Watershed shows, out of 75.04% Non-Potable area73.12% area is Non- Potable due to excess of Iron and out 65.51% Habitations which is falling in Non-Potable class, 56.89% habitation are severely affected by excess of Iron.</jats:p

The Correlation of Repeat Sprint Measures to Predicted VO2 in Recreationally Active College Age Males

1Miltenberger, M., 2Zipp, G., 2Lombardi, V., 2Parasher, R., 1Davis, S., 1East Stroudsburg University, East Stroudsburg, PA, 2Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the relationship between repeat sprint measures (peak sprint time, mean sprint time, fatigue index) and predicted VO2 (PVO2) calculated from the Queens College Step Test (QCT). Methods: Eighteen recreationally active male college students (Age 20.9 years ±1.5, Height 178.5cm ± 6.1, Mass 77.5 kg ± 9.8) volunteered to participate in this study. Each subject completed a repeat sprint protocol on an indoor track consisting of 12 x 30 meter sprints separated by 35 seconds of passive recovery. After a minimum of 48 hours subjects returned to complete a submaximal 3 minute step test consisting of 24 steps per minute. A 15 second recovery heart rate was recorded to determine PVO2. Relationships between sprint data (peak sprint time, mean sprint time, fatigue index) and PVO2 were established using Pearson Product Moment Correlations (SPSS version 20.0). Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between mean sprint time and PVO2 (p=0.011, R= -0.586) suggesting that those subjects with higher aerobic ability or PVO2 would also have low mean sprint times. Correlations between peak sprint time and PVO2 as well as fatigue index and PVO2 failed to show statistical significance, p= 0.052 and p= 0.120 respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the QCT is a valid measure in the prediction of mean sprint ability. These results also provide further evidence to suggest that the aerobic energy system plays a key role in maintenance of performance across multiple sprint trials

Sessile Serrated Lesion Detection Rates Continue to Increase: 2008-2020

Background and study aims  We assessed sessile serrated lesion detection rate (SSLDR) at a large academic medical center from 2008 to 2020 and modeled a local, aspirational target SSLDR. We also assessed SSLDRs among all gastroenterology fellows to better understand the relationship between SSLDRs and total colonoscopies performed. Patients and methods  SSL-positive pathology results were flagged from a dataset composed of all screening colonoscopies for average-risk patients from 2008 to 2020. Unadjusted SSLDRs were calculated for individual endoscopists by year. A mixed effects logistic regression was used to estimate the log odds of SSL detection, with one model estimating division-wide predictors of SSL detection and a second model focused exclusively on colonoscopies performed by fellows. Model-adjusted SSLDRs were estimated for all 13 years and across both categories of all endoscopists and fellows only. Results  Adjusted SSLDRs showed a consistent improvement in SSLDR from a low of 0.37 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.10–0.63) in 2008 to a high of 7.94 % (95 % CI: 6.34–9.54) in 2020. Among fellows only, the odds of SSL detection were significantly lower during their first year compared to their second year (OR: 0.80, 95 % CI: 0.66–0.98) but not significantly higher in their third year compared to their second year (OR: 1.09, 95 % CI: 0.85–1.4). Conclusions  SSLDR increased steadily and significantly throughout our study period but variance among endoscopists persists. The peak SSLDR from 2020 of 7.94 % should serve as the local aspirational target for this division’s attendings and fellows but should be continuously reevaluated

Sessile serrated lesion detection rates continue to increase: 2008–2020

Abstract Background and study aims We assessed sessile serrated lesion detection rate (SSLDR) at a large academic medical center from 2008 to 2020 and modeled a local, aspirational target SSLDR. We also assessed SSLDRs among all gastroenterology fellows to better understand the relationship between SSLDRs and total colonoscopies performed. Patients and methods SSL-positive pathology results were flagged from a dataset composed of all screening colonoscopies for average-risk patients from 2008 to 2020. Unadjusted SSLDRs were calculated for individual endoscopists by year. A mixed effects logistic regression was used to estimate the log odds of SSL detection, with one model estimating division-wide predictors of SSL detection and a second model focused exclusively on colonoscopies performed by fellows. Model-adjusted SSLDRs were estimated for all 13 years and across both categories of all endoscopists and fellows only. Results Adjusted SSLDRs showed a consistent improvement in SSLDR from a low of 0.37 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.10–0.63) in 2008 to a high of 7.94 % (95 % CI: 6.34–9.54) in 2020. Among fellows only, the odds of SSL detection were significantly lower during their first year compared to their second year (OR: 0.80, 95 % CI: 0.66–0.98) but not significantly higher in their third year compared to their second year (OR: 1.09, 95 % CI: 0.85–1.4). Conclusions SSLDR increased steadily and significantly throughout our study period but variance among endoscopists persists. The peak SSLDR from 2020 of 7.94 % should serve as the local aspirational target for this division’s attendings and fellows but should be continuously reevaluated.</jats:p