Inter-comprendere all’orale delle parole in contesto frasale

This article examines the role of oral lexical transparency of some words in the field of romance languages’ inter-comprehension. An initial list of 200 Italian words was presented orally without context to a group of French people who had no knowledge of the Italian language. Eleven of these words had then been submitted in different sentences with a different level and nature of transparency to another group made up of a variety of French adolescents and adults. They had to concentrate on every useful linguistic element – phonological similarities or contextual clues – present in the phrasal context and then recognize the meaning of the Italian words. After presenting the methodology of the research, the essay goes on to analyse the data collected and to give some conclusions. Overall, words are better understood in the presence of a context and adults seem to have more strategies to adopt in order to grasp the meaning of the given words

Non-pharmacological management in axial spondyloarthritis

The ASAS/EULAR panel recommends a multidisciplinary and patient-centred approach that includes a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities. These updated recommendations describe a number of non-pharmacological interventions as the cornerstone of treatment in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The aims of such treatment are to: (1) reduce pain and discomfort; (2) maintain or improve muscle strength, endurance, flexibility, mobility, balance, physical fitness, and social participation; and (3) prevent spinal abnormalities, joint contractures, and deformities. This chapter presents the evidence in support of common non-pharmacological interventions for axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and provides recommendations regarding the implementation of such treatment strategies.</p