The Dionysean-apollonian composition of Goethe’s promethean idea, in the form of feeling and thought

Utilizando el pensamiento expuesto la obra El Origen de la Tragedia, de Friedrich Nietzsche, en particular lo relacionado con los dioses Apolo y Dionisios, se analizan los componentes dionisíacos y apolíneos en la evolución de lo prometeico en la obras poéticas Prometeo, Límites de lo humano, Lo divino y Uno y todo, de Johann Wolfgang von GoetheUsing the ideas articulated in Friedrich Nietzsche's The Birth of Tragedy, especially those related to the gods Apollo and Dionysus, the present essay analyzes the Dionysian and Apollonian elements of the evolution of the Promethean idea in Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's poetic works Prometheus, The Boundaries of Humanity, The Godlike, and One and Al

El caso de Concepción, Chile y Rosario, Argentina

International Conference Arquitectonics Network: Mind, Land and Society, Barcelona, 31 May, 1-2 June 2017: Abstract

City for creatives: what attracts and repeats the Greater Concepcion Area, Chile. Distances between global and local discourses

Objetivo: En el contexto de una discusión, aún abierta, en torno al concepto de ciudad creativa, el presente artículo contrasta discursivas globales con apreciaciones locales de personas consideradas creativas, identificando características urbanas que atraen y generan arraigo, y otras que producen desafección e incomodidad. Metodología: El caso de estudio fue el Área Metropolitana de Concepción (AMC), Chile, realizando entrevistas a personas consideradas creativas; los entrevistados fueron seleccionados mediante técnica de bola de nieve, y el universo muestral se acotó bajo la lógica de saturación. Finalmente, la información obtenida se sistematizó con el software de Análisis de Contenido, T-Lab.8.1. Conclusiones: Los resultados se contrastaron con un estado del arte y discursivas académicas globales, evidenciando consensos, disensos y jerarquías, develando el necesario y local ajuste de una planificación y diseño urbano, en pos de una política de competitividad urbana basada en la fijación y atracción de talento creativo, máxime, de sistemas urbanos intermedios se trata. Originalidad: Estudiar la capacidad de atracción-retención que ejercen las urbes intermedias para con los grupos creativos, con una óptica centrada en las personas y sus experiencias, es poco habitual, pese a que resulta fundamental en un escenario de competencia global por atraer el talento y capital humano avanzado.Objectiu: En el context d'una discussió, encara oberta, entorn del concepte de ciutat creativa, el present article contrasta discursives globals amb apreciacions locals de persones considerades creatives, identificant característiques urbanes que atreuen i generen arrelament, i altres que produeixen desafecció i incomoditat. Metodologia: El cas d'estudi va ser l'Àrea Metropolitana de Concepció (AMC), Xile, realitzant entrevistes a persones considerades creatives; els entrevistats van ser seleccionats mitjançant tècnica de bola de neu, i l'univers mostral es va delimitar sota la lògica de saturació. Finalment, la informació obtinguda es va sistematitzar amb el programari d'Anàlisi de Contingut, T-Lab.8.1. Conclusions: Els resultats es van contrastar amb un estat de l'art i discursives acadèmiques globals, evidenciant consensos, dissensos i jerarquies, desvetllant el necessari i local ajust d'una planificació i disseny urbà, darrere d'una política de competitivitat urbana basada en la fixació i atracció de talent creatiu, més, de sistemes urbans intermedis es tracta. Originalitat: Estudiar la capacitat d'atracció-retenció que exerceixen les urbs intermèdies envers els grups creatius, amb una òptica centrada en les persones i les seves experiències, és poc habitual, malgrat que resulta fonamental en un escenari de competència global per atreure el talent i capital humà avançat.Objectives: In the context of a discussion, still ongoing, about the concept of creative city, this article contrasts global discourses with local appreciations of people considered the creative class, identifying urban characteristics that attract and establishes roots, and others that produce disaffection and discomfort. Methodology: The case study was conducted in the Metropolitan Area of Concepción (AMC), Chile, conducting interviews with people considered the creative class; the interviewees were selected using snowball sampling, and the sample universe was bounded under the logic of saturation. Finally, the information obtained was systematized with the Content Analysis software, T-Lab.8.1. Conclusions: The results were contrasted with a state of the art developments and global academic discursive, evidencing consensus, dissents and hierarchies and revealing the necessary and local adjustment of urban planning and design; in pursuit of a policy of urban competitiveness based on the attraction and retention of creative talents, especially within intermediate urban systems. Originality: Studying the attraction-retention capacity of intermediate cities for creative groups -with a focus on people and their experiences- is unusual, although it is essential in a scenario of global competition to attract talent and advance human capital.Peer Reviewe

A preliminary note on population structure in eastern South Pacific common bottlenose dolphins, <i>Tursiops truncatus</i>

Previous studies of eastern South Pacific common bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, defined offshore and inshore ecotypes in Peru based on cranial and tooth morphology, documented the presence of a single resident inshore community (‘pod-R’) in central-north Chile, and confirmed the presence of offshore bottlenose dolphins off Chile. Here, mtDNA control region (331bp) was examined to evaluate genetic relationships between four geographic areas: inshore pod-R (n=8), Chilean offshore population (n=8), Peruvian inshore (n=3) and offshore (n=12)ecotypes. This is the first genetic analysis of T. truncatus in this ocean basin. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the three Peruvian specimens morphologically identified as inshore ecotype in an independent cluster, supported by 100% bootstrap value. The net genetic distance between Peruvian inshore and Peruvian offshore ecotypes was estimated at 2.9%, and even higher when compared with Chilean bottlenose dolphins. Morphological and mtDNA evidence combined argues for considering inshore and offshore ecotypes as evolutionary significant units, to be managed accordingly. Despite its inshore behavioural ecology, pod-R presented a high divergence from the Peruvian inshore ecotype and a relatively closer affinity with the Chilean offshore stock (3.41% and 0.87% net interpopulational distance, respectively). However, homogeneity tests showed significant genetic differences of pod-R with all other groups, including Chilean offshore. This, combined with a low nucleotide diversity (0.0069) and behavioural observations, suggest that pod-R may be reproductively isolated and active protection measures are recommended. Only one haplotype from a total of 21 was shared by Peruvian and Chilean offshore animals. Their net genetic distance was estimated at 0.024 and no significant differences were found in haplotype frequencies, suggesting a single, wide-ranging ‘Peru-Chile offshore stock’

Análisis de construcción en PET como solución económica y ecologica

98 p.Los desechos en base a PET contribuyen a ser un foco de contaminación, que en la actualidad no tienen mayores usos o sistemas de reutilización de estos plásticos, es por ello que nace la idea de innovar en prototipos de materiales para la industria de la construcción mediante medidas que fomenten la reutilización de estos desechos. La industria de la construcción exige que los materiales nuevos cumplan con la calidad de los elementos tradicionales de construcción. Es donde nace la idea de producir bloques empleando triturados de envases desechables de bebidas agregándolos como árido en la producción de bloques. Es de suma importancia establecer la diferencia entre reciclaje y reutilización del PET (polietilen tereftalato); reciclaje se refiere a llevar a cavo un proceso para dar una nueva vida útil a este tipo de material, mientras que reutilización se refiere a darle uso al producto o material sin alterar el producto original todo en busca de la reducción del impacto ambiental. Gracias a esta concepción es que la elaboración de ladrillos con PET, se considera reciclaje en donde se le da una nueva forma al plástico y de esta manera una nueva vida. Esta nueva vida se une a la mezcla que conforma la sustancia para la elaboración de los ladrillos PET, composición la cual debe cumplir normas de calidad, se muestra la metodología a seguir y la obtención del producto final. El prototipo es sometido a pruebas o ensayos de resistencia a la compresión, densidad aparente, absorción de agua, eflorescencia y succión. Con el fin de determinar las características del prototipo de ladrillo para contrastarlo con las normativas existentes en nuestro país. Se presenta el desarrollo de la memoria, la fundamentación de la resistencia de los ladrillos para la construcción, características principales y la incidencia que tiene la NCh correspondiente dentro de la investigación./ABSTRACT Based on waste PET help to be a source of contamination, which at present there are more applications or systems for the reuse of these plastics, which is why the idea to innovate in prototype materials for the construction industry by measures to encourage the reuse of these wastes. The construction industry requires new materials comply with the quality of traditional building elements. It's where the idea to produce blocks using crushed disposable beverage packaging by adding them as an aggregate in the production of blocks. It is very important to know the difference between recycling and reuse of PET (polietilen tereftalat) recycling refers to dig lead a process to give new life to this type of material, while reuse is about giving the product a new of use material without altering the original product all in pursuing to reduce environmental impact. Thanks to this view is that making bricks with PET recycling is considered that gives a new way to plastic and so a new life. This new life joins the mix that makes up the substance for the manufacture of bricks PET composition which must meet quality standards, shows the methodology to follow and obtain the final product. The prototype is tested for compressive strength, bulk density, water absorption, efflorescence and suction, in order to determine the characteristics of the prototype of brick to contrast with existing regulations in our country. We report the development of memory, the foundation of the strength of the bricks for the construction, main characteristics and the impact that has the corresponding Chilean Standards in the investigation

Efecto del estado de madurez, aplicación de smartfresh y condición de almacenaje sobre el desarrollo de pardeamiento interno en manzanas cv. Pink Lady

68 p.El pardeamiento interno (PI) se ha convertido en un considerable problema en la exportación de manzanas Pink Lady, por lo cual se realizó un ensayo para estudiar condiciones de almacenaje que permitan una guarda extensa, sin afectar la calidad de la fruta. Para ello, se obtuvo fruta de dos cosechas diferentes, provenientes del Huerto San José de Perquin (35,51 Lat, 71,44 Long, 222 m.s.n.m) y dos cosechas de Frutícola El Aromo Ltda (35,50 Lat, 71,45 Long, 220 m.s.n.m), ambos ubicados en la comuna de San Clemente, Región del Maule, Chile. Dicha fruta fue almacenada en tres condiciones: AC 3 (3°C, 3% O2 y 0,5% CO2), FC 3 (3°C, 21% O2 y 0,0% CO2) y FC 1 (1°C, 21% O2 y 0,0% CO2), sin y con aplicación de SmartFresh (1-MCP, 1000 ppb), durante 4 meses. Cada 30 días, se extrajeron muestras de almacenaje, las que fueron evaluadas después de 1 y 7 días a temperatura ambiente (20°C), en cuanto a firmeza, acidez titulable, sólidos solubles, color de fondo, índice de almidón y producción de etileno (TPE). A cosecha, también se consideró color de cubrimiento e índice de Streif. En las evaluaciones de 90+7 y 120+7 se registró la incidencia de PI (%), clasificándolo según tipo (radial, difuso o mixto) y severidad (leve, moderado o severo). Durante el ensayo, la aplicación de SmartFresh permitió contrarrestar el avance en madurez de la fruta, al comparar 3°C vs 1°C, manteniendo principalmente firmeza, acidez, color de fondo y TPE. Mientras que el retraso de 2 a 9 días en su aplicación desde cosecha, no afectó la evolución de madurez en almacenaje y tampoco el desarrollo de PI. El desarrollo de PI estuvo altamente influenciado por el huerto de procedencia de la fruta (microclima, madurez a cosecha, portainjerto) y la temperatura de almacenaje. La menor incidencia de PI ocurrió en fruta del Huerto San José de Perquin almacenada a 3°C, independiente del sistema de almacenaje (AC ó FC). Los mayores niveles de PI ocurrieron en FC 1: 38,6% y 53,3% en Huerto San José vs 90,7% y 91,1% en Frutícola El Aromo, para las cosechas 1 y 2 respectivamente. La ocurrencia de PI más común fue radial y en categoría leve. Futuras investigaciones debieran incorporar las características de la planta (vigor, carga, nutrición y portainjerto), para determinar su efecto sobre la incidencia de PI./ABSTRACT: Internal browning (PI) has become a major problem in storage of Pink Lady apples, intended for export. A trial was carried out to study conditions that could enhance storage potential without affecting fruit quality. For this, fruit were harvested twice from two orchards: San José de Perquin (35.51 Lat, 71.44 Long, 222 m.a.s.l) and Frutícola El Aromo Ltda (35.50 Lat, 71.45 Long, 220 m.a.s.l), both located in San Clemente, Maule Region, Chile. The samples were stored under three conditions: AC 3 (3°C, 3% O2 and 0.5% CO2), FC 3 (3°C, 21% O2 and 0.0% CO2) and FC 1 (1°C, 21% O2 and 0.0% CO2), with and without application of SmartFresh (1-MCP, 1000 ppb) for 4 months. Every 30 days, samples were taken from storage and avaluated, after 1 and 7 days at room temperatura (20°C), for firmness, acidity, soluble solids, background color, starch index and ethylene production rate (TPE). At harvest color coverage and Streif index were also considered. Evaluations at 90+7 and 120 +7 included incidence of PI (%), which was classified upon type (radial, diffuse or mixed) and severity (mild, moderate or severe).During storage, application of SmartFresh allowed lower advance in fruit maturity, when comparing 3 ° C vs 1 ° C, expressed as higher firmness and acidity, greener background color and lower TPE. On the other hand, the 2-9 days delay of SmartFresh application not affect the evolution of maturity in storage or PI incidence. Development of PI was highly influenced by orchard characteristics (microclimate, maturity at harvest, rootstock) and storage temperature. The lower incidence of PI occurred in fruit from Huerto San José Perquin stored at 3 ° C, regardless of storage system (AC or FC). The highest levels of PI occurred in FC 1: 38.6% and 53.3% in Huerto San José vs 90.7% and 91.1% in Frutícola El Aromo, for the first and second harvest respectively. The most common occurrence of PI was radial and in mild category. Future research should incorporate plant characteristics (vigour, crop load, nutrition and rootstock) to further determine their effects on the incidence of PI

Significant changes in English poetry brought about by the industrial and agricultural revolutions - to the middle of the nineteenth century

Thesis (M. A.)--Boston University, 194

Fog variability patterns in the Chilean Atacama Desert – Enhanced climatological data series and analysis of regional climatic interactions and local topographic influence

The northern Chilean coastal regions are known for their extreme aridity, with annual precipitation often less than 1 mm. The interaction between ocean-atmosphere systems plays a crucial role in shaping marine advection fog patterns in this area, which is vital for the hyper-arid ecosystem along the Atacama coast. While extensive geographical research has been conducted on fog patterns since the mid-20th century, there is limited knowledge in managing fog climate records and understanding their regional and local climatological dynamics. This research is organized into three main sections. The first one outlines a methodological climate data flow, emphasizing data quality control and processing. The second section focuses on analyzing temporal gradients of fog climate at the regional level. The third section delves into local spatial analysis and modeling of Near-surface fog water in the inland desert. The processing of raw climatic data recorded from extreme environments such as the extreme aridity of the Atacama Desert poses a significant challenge in climatic research, as they exhibit gaps, inconsistencies, and errors. The process of handling climatic data from the eight climatological stations and Standard Fog Collectors (SFCs) comprising the fog climate network in the northern Atacama Desert, Region of Tarapacá, involves data identification, cleansing, correction, and normalization. This is achieved through programming flows guided by standardized parameters, primarily defined by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Data gaps and outliers within the network's data series account for less than 2% of the total record. Anomalies in the data series are primarily attributed to electrical and electronic issues inherent in remote/satellite transmission. The precision and quality of climatic data are essential for accurate interpretation and analysis, furthering our understanding of fog climate dynamics in hyper-arid environments. The regional approach aims to comprehend the variability between fog collection and its climatological gradient. The datasets were analyzed at different temporal intervals across eight climatological stations. The analysis elucidates how the variability of fog climates and their driving factors in these datasets manifest themselves throughout the region, considering both temporal and geographical determinants. Throughout the year, fog exhibits marked diurnal variation, being more pronounced in the morning and minimal in the afternoon and night. The seasonal influence of the thermal inversion layer (TIL) is significant, with more fog water collected in the winter due to a lower TIL and less collection in the summer due to a higher TIL. High relative humidity is crucial for fog formation in coastal areas, while inland regions are drier. Wind, varying in direction and speed, also impacts fog. Overall, this regional-temporal analysis shows the multifaceted nature of fog in the Atacama Desert, elucidating its dependence on diurnal, seasonal, and geographical variables. These findings contribute to a better understanding of fog dynamics within this unique arid ecosystem. In an inland desert at ca. 1,200 meters above sea level (masl) within the "Oyarbide" Master Site, a local study analyses the link between Near-surface fog water variability and topographical features. The monthly data of ten Mini Fog Collectors (Mini FCs) placed at Oyarbide and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) were employed for regression analysis. These methods evaluated the influence of five topographical factors on Near-surface fog water. Results revealed patterns and spatial variability in these associations, emphasizing the impact of topography on Near-surface fog water. Elevation was positively correlated with Near-surface fog water, while Aspect and Slope are related to terrain roughness. Local GWR model outperformed the global OLS model, substantially increasing the coefficient of determination (R²). This provides a comprehensive understanding of how local topography affects Near-surface fog water collection, enhancing our knowledge of atmosphere-biosphere interactions

Collaborative learning and classroom engagement: A pedagogical experience in an EFL Chilean context

In the context of teaching English as a foreign language (EFL), there is growing attention towards collaborative learning and learners’ engagement. Despite the interest on these topics, there is little research in Chile, in the English classroom, about both collaborative learning and learners’ engagement at a school level. Therefore, this study emerged to explore and describe the impact of collaborative-based instruction on learners’ engagement during an intervention of five weeks in a private-subsidized school in the city of Chillan. The participants of the study were 62 female and 70 male students, aged 15 to 17. Based on an action research methodology, the researchers used quantitative and qualitative techniques to collect data which comprised a Likert test (adapted from Alsowat, 2016) administered before and after the intervention, and unstructured observation registered in every lesson by means of field notes learnt from Efrat &amp; Ravid (2020). Our results show that collaborative learning has a direct relationship with learners’ engagement, evidenced in our four classes where behavioral engagement was predominant. Future studies may investigate whether the use of collaborative learning tasks, over a longer period, would still maintain learners’ engagement in the EFL classroom as well as whether behavioral engagement is the most salient dimension among their students