Calibration of dosimeters following standard NF EN ISO 8041

In order to protect from occupational disease related to vibrations, the European Directive2002/44/CE defines alert and action limits which trigger an action on the vibrations received by the workers. Since the 6th July 2010, companies have been compelled to assess vibration doses thanks to a vibration dosimeter. LNE has been willing to develop its activities in accelerometry, LNE developed the calibration of vibration dosimeter service following standard ISO 8041 “Human Response to vibration / measuring instrumentation”. This article describes the requirements of the European Directive 2002/44/CE, the standard ISO 8041 and the calibration bench developed and accredited by COFRAC

Sensory evaluation of air-conditioning noise: Comparative analysis of two methods

cote interne IRCAM: Junker01aNone / NoneNational audienceNon

Automatic sound field sampling mechanisms to disseminate the unit watt in airborne sound [Elektronisk resurs]

For the dissemination of the unit watt, the sound pressures emitted by primary and secondary sound power standards are to be measured. Disseminating the unit in reverberant fields requires the measurement of a volume average whereas in hemi-anechoic fields, measurements on an enveloping surface are appropriate. For the latter situation, automatic sound field scanning mechanisms were developed by LNE, SP and PTB. At PTP, an arc with 24 microphones is used which can be tilted to cover a hemispherical measurement surface. Different radii can be realised by manual adjustment of the microphones. At SP, a single microphone is moved on a semi-circular arc. Different latitudes can be realised by manual arrangements. LNE developed a scanning mechanism consisting of a hemi-circular arc. A microphone can be positioned on arbitrary altitude positions on the arc and the arc can move on a circular path. This way, arbitrary positions on a hemispherical measurement surface can be realised. The contribution introduces the different mechanisms and lists advantages and disadvantages of the different technical solutions.</p

Automatic sound field sampling mechanisms to disseminate the unit watt in airborne sound

For the dissemination of the unit watt, the sound pressures emitted by primary and secondary sound power standards are to be measured. Disseminating the unit in reverberant fields requires the measurement of a volume average whereas in hemi-anechoic fields, measurements on an enveloping surface are appropriate. For the latter situation, automatic sound field scanning mechanisms were developed by LNE, SP and PTB. At PTP, an arc with 24 microphones is used which can be tilted to cover a hemispherical measurement surface. Different radii can be realised by manual adjustment of the microphones. At SP, a single microphone is moved on a semi-circular arc. Different latitudes can be realised by manual arrangements. LNE developed a scanning mechanism consisting of a hemi-circular arc. A microphone can be positioned on arbitrary altitude positions on the arc and the arc can move on a circular path. This way, arbitrary positions on a hemispherical measurement surface can be realised. The contribution introduces the different mechanisms and lists advantages and disadvantages of the different technical solutions

Uncertainties of the frequency response of wet microphone windscreens

During outdoor measurements, specific windscreens are often used to prevent rain water to penetrate into the microphone and to damage its components, but some water can nevertheless remain in the foam of the windscreen. This paper presents an extensive experimental study of the influence of water in the foam of a windscreen on its frequency response. It is concluded that the presence of water inside a windscreen can significantly change the sensitivity of the system only for rain amount higher than 1 mm and for frequency above 1 kHz. Some disparities can be found between the different types of windscreens. Bias correction values, together with uncertainty estimations are given for different types of windscreens and an estimation of the duration during which correction and uncertainty must be applied is also proposed for several types of common windscreens

Dissemination of the unit watt in airborne sound : Aerodynamic reference sound sources as transfer standards

In the process aiming at the establishment of both traceability and transparent uncertainty budgets for airborne sound power, the dissemination of the unit watt ensures the correct relation between the sound power of a stationary primary standard and the sound power of transportable transfer standards. The paper reports on a detailed study to qualify aerodynamic reference sound sources (RSSs) as transfer standards. The temporal stability of RSSs has been determined for both narrow and broad frequency bands. Specially designed scanning apparatuses have provided directivity results. Remaining room reflections and near field effects have also been studied. The dissemination also requires the prediction of sound power under meteorological (static pressure, ambient temperature) and operating (rotational speed) conditions different from calibration conditions. These influences have been investigated and a correction is proposed. Finally, interlaboratory measurement results of the sound power of an aerodynamic reference sound source are reported.</p

Commentaire, commentaires

Ce dossier se donne pour objet le commentaire de texte tel qu’il est scolarisé de la fin du primaire au début du supérieur, et tel qu’il est abordé en formation des enseignants. Dans une partie des contributions, le commentaire est défini au sens large comme genre de discours métatextuel, regroupant des formes différemment normées d’écriture de la lecture, pratiquées aux différents niveaux du cursus. Dans les autres articles, il est étudié en tant qu’exercice scolaire ou universitaire, évalué aux examens et concours d’enseignement. Le dossier interroge, dans divers contextes francophones, les liens de solidarité entre ces différentes formes d’écriture métatextuelle mais aussi leur compatibilité, compte tenu des conceptions différentes de la lecture et de l’écriture qui les sous-tendent. Il questionne le maintien d’exercices certificatifs de commentaire promouvant une lecture très distanciée, compte tenu notamment de l’émergence, dans les pratiques, de la lecture littéraire, définie comme transaction d’un sujet lecteur avec le texte. Les auteurs réunis ici mobilisent différents cadres théoriques et méthodologiques, et, souvent, effectuent des comparaisons entre époques, systèmes scolaires, niveaux du cursus, pour observer dans quelle mesure la pratique du commentaire scolaire peut former un lecteur capable d’appréhender les enjeux de sens et d’effets des textes étudiés, mais aussi de trouver dans ses lectures de quoi se former personnellement. This dossier focuses on text commentary as it is taught from the end of primary school to the beginning of higher education, and as it is approached in teacher training. In some of the contributions, the commentary is defined in a broad sense as a genre of metatextual discourse, grouping together differently normed forms of writing about reading, practised at different levels of the curriculum. In the other articles, it is studied as a school or university exercise, assessed in examinations and teaching competitions. The dossier examines, in various French-speaking contexts, the links of solidarity between these different forms of metatextual writing, but also their compatibility, given the different conceptions of reading and writing that underlie them. It questions the maintenance of commentary exercises that promote a highly distanced reading, particularly in view of the emergence, in practice, of literary reading, defined as the transaction of a reading subject with the text. The authors gathered here mobilize different theoretical and methodological frameworks, and often make comparisons between eras, school systems, and levels of the curriculum, in order to observe to what extent the practice of school commentary can train a reader capable of apprehending the stakes of meaning and effects of the texts studied, but also of finding in his or her readings the means for personal formation

For a structured response to the psychosocial consequences of the restrictive measures imposed by the global COVID-19 health pandemic: the MAVIPAN longitudinal prospective cohort study protocol

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictive measures have caused important disruptions in economies and labour markets, changed the way we work and socialise, forced schools to close and healthcare and social services to reorganise. This unprecedented crisis forces individuals to make considerable efforts to adapt and will have psychological and social consequences, mainly on vulnerable individuals, that will remain once the pandemic is contained and will most likely exacerbate existing social and gender health inequalities. This crisis also puts a toll on the capacity of our healthcare and social services structures to provide timely and adequate care. The MAVIPAN (Ma vie et la pandémie/ My Life and the Pandemic) study aims to document how individuals, families, healthcare workers and health organisations are affected by the pandemic and how they adapt.Methods and analysisMAVIPAN is a 5-year longitudinal prospective cohort study launched in April 2020 across the province of Quebec (Canada). Quantitative data will be collected through online questionnaires (4–6 times/year) according to the evolution of the pandemic. Qualitative data will be collected with individual and group interviews and will seek to deepen our understanding of coping strategies. Analysis will be conducted under a mixed-method umbrella, with both sequential and simultaneous analyses of quantitative and qualitative data.Ethics and disseminationMAVIPAN aims to support the healthcare and social services system response by providing high-quality, real-time information needed to identify those who are most affected by the pandemic and by guiding public health authorities’ decision making regarding intervention and resource allocation to mitigate these impacts. MAVIPAN was approved by the Ethics Committees of the Primary Care and Population Health Research Sector of CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale (Committee of record) and of the additional participating institutions.Trial registration numberNCT04575571.</jats:sec