Seroepidemiological studies of herpesvirus-associated diseases of marine turtles: Fibropapillomatosis and lung-eye-trachea disease

We have developed immunological tests that can identify marine turtles in Florida (green and loggerhead) that have been exposed to the LETV herpesvirus. The seroepidemiological data collected provides critical evidence about the relationship between infection with the FP-associated herpesvirus and the LETV herpesvirus. The data supports the hypothesis that LETV and FPHV infections are independent infections of marine turtles. The data shows that wild green turtles in Florida are exposed to the LETD-associated herpesvirus, which is the first description ofLETV infection in free-ranging marine turtles. To our knowledge, the antigenic proteins identified in this study are not only the first proteins from a reptilian herpesvirus to be cloned and expressed, but they represent the first reptilian herpesvirus proteins to be identified as immunogenic in their host species. (16 page document

Multiple arterial embolization from left atrial myxoma in a Maltese boy

Atrial myxoma is rare in adults and even rarer in children. In this article the author describes. The presentation may be with embolic, obstructive or constitutional symptoms, which may be dramatic and life-threatening. The case of a 12 year old Maltese boy with left atrial myxoma with multiple simultaneous arterial embolism in upper and lower limbs is described in this article.peer-reviewe

Further strategies for evaluating the etiological role of a tumor-associated herpesvirus in marine turtle fibropapillomatosis

In 1992, an interdisciplinary research team headquartered at the University of Florida began studies in key targeted areas of fibropapillomatosis (FP) etiology and pathogenesis. At that time, little was known about FP outside of field studies documenting its prevalence in different areas of the world and studies of tumor histopathology. Our primary objective was to develop a broad-based scientific understanding of FP by applying principles of tumor biology, immunology, pathology, virology, molecular biology, and epidemiology to FP in the green turtle, Chelonia mydas. Long-term goals included the development of assays for FP and study of any role of environmental co-factors in the disease. This report is a continuation of that effort and the results reported here bring us closer to understanding the role of a tumor-associated herpesvirus in marine turtle fibropapillomatosis. This research has demonstrated that marine turtle herpesviruses can persist for extended periods of time as infectious agents in the marine environment and that wild green turtles in Florida are exposed to the LETD-associated herpesvirus. This is the first description of LETV infection in free-ranging. marine turtles. In addition, data is presented that supports the hypothesis that LETV and FPHV infections are independent. These data reveal new levels of complexity that must be addressed before reliable serodiagnostic assays for herpesvirus infections of chelonians can be developed for widespread application. The results reported here also raise new concerns about the potential impact of infections by new herpesviruses on populations of wild marine turtles, an area which has previously been unexplored by turtle biologists. (8 page document

British urban trees: A social and cultural history, 1800-1914

Whether we consider the great London Planes which are now the largest trees in many British urban streets, the exotic ornamentals from across the globe flourishing in numerous private gardens, the stately trees of public parks and squares or the dense colourful foliage of suburbia, the impact of trees and arboriculture upon modern towns and their ecosystems is clear. From the formal walks and squares of the Georgian town to Victorian tree-lined boulevards and commemorative oaks, trees are the organic statuary of modern urban society, providing continuity yet constantly changing through the day and over the seasons. Interfacing between humans and nature, connecting the continents and reaching back and forward through time to past and future generations, they have come to define urbanity while simultaneously evoking nature and the countryside. This book is the first major study of British urban arboriculture between 1800 and 1914 and draws upon fresh approaches in geographical, urban and environmental history. It makes a major contribution to our understanding of where, how and why trees grew in British towns in the period, the social and cultural impact of these and the attitudes taken towards them. CONTENTS Chapter One. Private Urban Garden Trees Chapter Two. Trees in Public Parks and Gardens Chapter Three. Trees in the Victorian Cemetery Chapter Four. Trees in Victorian Nottingham c. 1840–1880 Chapter Five. Victorian and Edwardian Glasgow Chapter Six. Towards a National Capital: Cardiff Chapter Seven. Urban Trees and Smoke Pollution Chapter Eight. Trees for Heath and Pleasure: Spa and Resort TownsN/

Symmetry of k·p Hamiltonian in pyramidal InAs/GaAs quantum dots: Application to the calculation of electronic structure

A method for the calculation of the electronic structure of pyramidal self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots is presented. The method is based on exploiting the C-4 symmetry of the 8-band k·p Hamiltonian with the strain taken into account via the continuum mechanical model. The operators representing symmetry group elements were represented in the plane wave basis and the group projectors were used to find the symmetry adapted basis in which the corresponding Hamiltonian matrix is block diagonal with four blocks of approximately equal size. The quantum number of total quasiangular momentum is introduced and the states are classified according to its value. Selection rules for interaction with electromagnetic field in the dipole approximation are derived. The method was applied to calculate electron and hole quasibound states in a periodic array of vertically stacked pyramidal self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots for different values of the distance between the dots and external axial magnetic field. As the distance between the dots in an array is varied, an interesting effect of simultaneous change of ground hole state symmetry, type, and the sign of miniband effective mass is predicted. This effect is explained in terms of the change of biaxial strain. It is also found that the magnetic field splitting of Kramer's double degenerate states is most prominent for the first and second excited state in the conduction band and that the magnetic field can both separate otherwise overlapping minibands and concatenate otherwise nonoverlapping minibands

Neutrino Detection using Lead Perchlorate

We discuss the possibility of using lead perchlorate as a neutrino detector. The primary neutrino interactions are given along with some relevant properties of the material.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, TAUP-99, TEX fil

Direct Use of Low Enthalpy Deep Geothermal Resources in the East African Rift Valley

Geothermal energy is already harnessed across East Africa to provide hundreds of megawatts of electricity, with significant plans for future expansion towards generation at the gigawatt scale. This power generation utilizes the high steam temperatures (typically more than 200 °C) that are available in several locations in Kenya, Ethiopia and elsewhere. The presence of these high enthalpy resources has deflected attention from the often attractive low and medium enthalpy resources present across a more extensive portion of the region. Geothermally heated water at cooler temperatures (less than 90 °C) could be widely produced by drilling shallower and cheaper boreholes than those required for power production. This low enthalpy resource could be widely exploitable throughout the Rift Valley, offering a low carbon, sustainable, reliable and commercially competitive source of heating, drying and cooling (via absorption chillers) to local farmers and growers, and for low temperature commercial and industrial uses. Applications of this type would displace expensive fossil fuels, reducing costs and carbon emissions as well as improving the region’s energy and food security. The power input for pump systems can be accommodated by relatively small generators, so direct heat projects could be beneficial to consumers in areas with no grid access

Towards Water Soluble Mitochondria-Targeting Theranostic Osmium(II) Triazole-Based Complexes

The complex [Os(btzpy)2][PF6]2 (1, btzpy = 2,6-bis(1-phenyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine) has been prepared and characterised. Complex 1 exhibits phosphorescence (λem = 595 nm, τ = 937 ns, φem = 9.3% in degassed acetonitrile) in contrast to its known ruthenium(II) analogue, which is non-emissive at room temperature. The complex undergoes significant oxygen-dependent quenching of emission with a 43-fold reduction in luminescence intensity between degassed and aerated acetonitrile solutions, indicating its potential to act as a singlet oxygen sensitiser. Complex 1 underwent counterion metathesis to yield [Os(btzpy)2]Cl2 (1 Cl), which shows near identical optical absorption and emission spectra to those of 1. Direct measurement of the yield of singlet oxygen sensitised by 1 Cl was carried out (φ ( 1O2) = 57%) for air equilibrated acetonitrile solutions. On the basis of these photophysical properties, preliminary cellular uptake and luminescence microscopy imaging studies were conducted. Complex 1 Cl readily entered the cancer cell lines HeLa and U2OS with mitochondrial staining seen and intense emission allowing for imaging at concentrations as low as 1 µM. Long-term toxicity results indicate low toxicity in HeLa cells with LD50 >100 µM. Osmium(II) complexes based on 1 therefore present an excellent platform for the development of novel theranostic agents for anticancer activity

Efficient time-domain simulation of nonlinear, state-space, transmission-line models of the cochlea

Nonlinear models of the cochlea are best implemented in the time domain, but their computational demands usually limit the duration of the simulations that can reasonably be performed. This letter presents a modified state space method and its application to an example nonlinear one-dimensional transmission-line cochlear model. The sparsity pattern of the individual matrices for this alternative formulation allows the use of significantly faster numerical algorithms. Combined with a more efficient implementation of the saturating nonlinearity, the computational speed of this modified state space method is more than 40 times faster than that of the original formulation