The southern Sardinian tradtition of the Mutetu Longu : A functional analysis

I shall consider in this paper the kind of oral poetry that was called cantus amoebaeus1 by the Romans, based upon a poetic joust between two or more poets who improvise their verse in search of public approval. This is, and has been, a widespread genre in various separate cultures, and it has to be considered a unique chapter within the entirety of the oral poetic tradition. Some of the styles adopted in this specific form of oral poetry are so common and recurrent that they seem to derive more from an innate need in people than from their cultural education, and they can be considered universal to this genre.2 Different traditions are, however, distinguished by many other characteristics that define their extremely lively, varied, and versatile nature.Not

Forest Habitat Improvement Planning on the Blackfoot-Clearwater Wildlife Management Area: A Case Study in Multiple Criteria Decision-Analysis

The forests of western Montana were historically characterized by mixed-severity fire regimes, which have been mostly absent due to fire suppression policies of the 20th century. This has changed stand structure and forest composition, resulting in a high risk of wildfire, loss of heterogeneity in forest types, and loss of valuable wildlife habitat. As a result forest stewardship, or holistic forest management, and long-term planning have been used widely by forest managers and landowners to improve forest health, to use resources efficiently, and to satisfy stakeholders. This case study shows how one agency, Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks (FWP), could develop a forest stewardship planning protocol to improve wildlife habitat conditions on their forest properties. The planning process includes a forest inventory, development of forest restoration and habitat improvement prescriptions, and a ranking of potential projects according to multiple objectives using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Some difficulties were encountered while studying the example problem and can provide insight into how best to implement AHP in forest planning. With these difficulties considered, AHP was found to be a useful tool because it allows for incorporating multiple interests and objectives, accommodates multiple kinds of data, ranging from qualitative scientific models to quantitative values-based data, and allows for and facilitates communication with stakeholders. AHP enables efficient use of resources for difficult or complex forest planning problems and provides a tool for managers to analyze and communicate a preferential decision. If used appropriately, this planning tool could greatly improve the conditions of fire-dependent forests in western Montana and habitat of FWP lands by optimizing use of available funding on the forest stands most in need of stewardship and restoration

Tetrachloroethylene-contaminated drinking water in Massachusetts and the risk of colon-rectum, lung, and other cancers.

We conducted a population-based case-control study to evaluate the relationship between cancer of the colon-rectum (n = 326), lung (n = 252), brain (n = 37), and pancreas (n = 37), and exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE) from public drinking water. Subjects were exposed to PCE when it leached from the vinyl lining of drinking-water distribution pipes. Relative delivered dose of PCE was estimated using a model that took into account residential location, years of residence, water flow, and pipe characteristics. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for lung cancer were moderately elevated among subjects whose exposure level was above the 90th percentile whether or not a latent period was assumed [ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 3.7 (1.0-11.7), 3.3 (0.6-13.4), 6.2 (1.1-31.6), and 19.3 (2.5-141.7) for 0, 5, 7, and 9 years of latency, respectively]. The adjusted ORs for colon-rectum cancer were modestly elevated among ever-exposed subjects as more years of latency were assumed [OR and CI, 1.7 (0.8-3.8) and 2.0 (0.6-5.8) for 11 and 13 years of latency, respectively]. These elevated ORs stemmed mainly from associations with rectal cancer. Adjusted ORs for rectal cancer among ever-exposed subjects were more elevated [OR and CI, 2.6 (0. 8-6.7) and 3.1 (0.7-10.9) for 11 and 13 years of latency, respectively] than were corresponding estimates for colon cancer [OR and CI, 1.3 (0.5-3.5) and 1.5 (0.3-5.8) for 11 and 13 years of latency, respectively]. These results provide evidence for an association between PCE-contaminated public drinking water and cancer of the lung and, possibly, cancer of the colon-rectum

Pengaruh Program Kelompok Usaha Bersama (Kube) Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat Kecamatan Tomini Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Program Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUBE) terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat Kecamatan Tomini Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh Program Kelompok Usaha Bersama terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan masyarakat. Semakin baik program kelompok usaha bersama maka akan mampu meningkatkan Pendapatan masyarakat di Kecamatan Tomini Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan karena usaha yang dilakukan merupakan faktor yang sangat penting dalam menentukan pendapatan anggota. Besar pengaruh dari Program Kelompok Usaha Bersama memiliki pengaruh nyata 76,8% terhadap variabel Peningkatan Pendapatan masyarakat, sedangkan lainnya 23,2% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain diluar variabel yang diteliti misalnya program PNPM Mandiri, program bantuan kelompok pertanian dan program bantuan modal usaha

KEPUASAN PASIEN TERHADAP PELAYANAN DOKTER DAN PERAWAT DI PUSKESMAS TANAWANGKO KECAMATAN TOMBARIRI KABUPATEN MINAHASA

Kepuasan pasien didefinisikan sebagai respon terhadap ketidak sesuaian antara tingkat kepentingan sebelumnya dan kinerja aktual yang dirasakannya setelah pemakaian. Pelayanan yang memuaskan dan berkualitas akan membentuk loyalitas pasien, dan kepuasan sangat erat hubungannya dengan “word of mouth”, maka pelayanan yang memuaskan tersebut juga akan mendatangkan pelanggan baru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada hubungan antara pelayanan dokter dan perawat dengan kepuasan pasien di Puskesmas Tanawangko. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif yang bersifat survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study atau studi potong lintang. Tempat penelitian di Puskesmas Tanawangko Kecamatan Tombariri Kabupaten Minahasa. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September-Oktober 2018. Analisis data adalah univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa responden yang menyatakan pelayanan dokter baik 57% dan kurang baik 43%; responden yang menyatakan pelayanan perawat baik 52% dan kurang baik 48%; responden yang meras puas 54% dan kurang puas 46%. Hubungan antara pelayanan dokter dan kepuasan pasien mempunyai p value sebesar 0,001; p value pelayanan perawat dengan kepuasan pasien sebesar 0,001. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan antara pelayanan dokter dan perawat dengan kepuasan pasien di Puskesmas Tanawangko. Dokter dan perawat diharapkan agar lebih meningkatkan kedisiplinan yaitu datang tepat waktu agar pelayanan menjadi lebih cepat dan akurat, sehingga pelayanan yang ada di puskesmas tanawangko menjadi semakin baik. Untuk masyarakat diharapkan agar dapat memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan yang ada di Puskesmas agar tercapai derajat kesehatan yang setinggi-tingginya, serta untuk institusi yaitu dapat menjadi bahan acuan bagi peneliti selanjutnya untuk mengembangkan penelitian ini.Kata kunci: Pelayanan Dokter, Pelayanan Perawat, Kepuasan PasienABSTRACTPatient satisfaction is defined as a response to a discrepancy between the level of previous importance and the actual performance that he feels after use. Satisfying and quality service will shape patient loyalty, and satisfaction is closely related to “word of mouth”, so that satisfying service will also bring in new customers. There purpose of this study was to find out there was a relationship between the service of doctors and nurses with patient satisfaction of national health insurance participants at the Tanawangko Health Center.Method the research used is quantitative with analytic survey with cross sectional study or cross sectional study. The research site was in the Tanawangko Health Center, Tombariri District, Minahasa Regency. Research time is carried out in September-October 2018. Data analysis is univariate and bivariat with Chi-square statistical tests.The results showed that respondents who stated a good physician services 57% and 43% less well; respondents who stated a good nurse services 52% and 48% less well; respondents who were satisfied 54% and less satisfied 46%. The relationship between doctor and patient satisfaction service have a p value of 0,001; p value patient satisfaction with nurse services of 0,001. Results of the study can be concluded there is a relationship between service doctors and nurses with patient satisfaction in the health Tanawangko. For doctors and nurses are expected to further improve discipline, namely to arrive on time so that the service becomes faster and more accurate, so that the services available at the Tanawangko Health Center are getting better. For the community, it is expected to be able to utilize the existing health services in the Health Center to achieve the highest degree of health, as well as for institutions that can be a reference for further researchers to develop this research.Keywords: Doctor’s Service, Nurse Service, Patient Satisfactio

Using Geographic Information Systems for Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology Studies

Geographic information systems (GIS) are being used with increasing frequency in environmental epidemiology studies. Reported applications include locating the study population by geocoding addresses (assigning mapping coordinates), using proximity analysis of contaminant source as a surrogate for exposure, and integrating environmental monitoring data into the analysis of the health outcomes. Although most of these studies have been ecologic in design, some have used GIS in estimating environmental levels of a contaminant at the individual level and to design exposure metrics for use in epidemiologic studies. In this article we discuss fundamentals of three scientific disciplines instrumental to using GIS in exposure assessment for epidemiologic studies: geospatial science, environmental science, and epidemiology. We also explore how a GIS can be used to accomplish several steps in the exposure assessment process. These steps include defining the study population, identifying source and potential routes of exposure, estimating environmental levels of target contaminants, and estimating personal exposures. We present and discuss examples for the first three steps. We discuss potential use of GIS and global positioning systems (GPS) in the last step. On the basis of our findings, we conclude that the use of GIS in exposure assessment for environmental epidemiology studies is not only feasible but can enhance the understanding of the association between contaminants in our environment and disease

Tetrachloroethylene-contaminated drinking water and the risk of breast cancer.

We conducted a population-based case-control study to evaluate the relationship between cases of breast cancer and exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE) from public drinking water ( n = 258 cases and 686 controls). Women were exposed to PCE when it leached from the vinyl lining of water distribution pipes. The relative delivered dose was estimated using an algorithm that accounted for residential history, water flow, and pipe characteristics. Only small increases in breast cancer risk were seen among ever-exposed women either when latency was ignored or when 5 to 15 years of latency was considered. No or small increases were seen among highly exposed women either when latency was ignored or when 5 years of latency was considered. However, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were more increased for highly exposed women when 7 and 9 years of latency, respectively, were considered (OR 1.5 95% CI 0.5-4.7 and OR 2.3, 95% CI 0.6-8.8 for the 75th percentile, and OR 2.7, 95% CI 0.4-15.8 and OR 7.6, 95% CI 0.9-161.3 for the 90th percentile). The number of highly exposed women was too small for meaningful analysis when more years of latency were considered. Because firm conclusions from these data are limited, we recently undertook a new study with a large number of more recently diagnosed cases

Imagination and narrative : young people's experiences

Imagery generation in dramatized audio drama is still poorly understood with the majority of work having been done from a radio advertising perspective. This study sought to understand audio drama imagery generation by using teenage listeners. The study demonstrated that teenagers can follow purely auditory narrative with ease and can generate unique and vivid imagery through aural dramatic stimulation. The study also showed that listening in the dark and as a group are appealing for audiences