Cluster policy and the supporting organizations for transnational clusters promoting - Romanian initiatives

In some european areas there are thousands of active companies with quite similar profiles, but the information about the potential for cooperation among the countries in the area is scarce because of the lack of visibility of SME-s, in general, and of transnational connections between companies and the supporting organizations, in particular. To overcome the current situation which is characterized by this lack of an exchange of information among the european zones on the potential for antreprenorial cooperation, is necessary to have a common european concept and an active implication of the appropiate supporting organizations. On the basis of a context analisys our paper will try to highlighte the need for the following: • Stimulation of productive capacities of companies in order to create cluster networks in the strategic economic sectors, meant to improve the actual integration of the transnational competitive chains of SME-s and contribute thus to the narrowing of regional disparities and to an increase in the attractiveness of the regions lagging behind for FDI; • Improvement of information on the cross-border cooperation potential in theese areas of Europe and promote it, so that SME-s in the regions have a bigger visibility • Stepping up the development of some innovative economic policies, of vertical relations among companies, of the visibility and accessibility of local productive systems and continued growth at a regional level. As case study the author chose the Romanian initiatives for transnational clusters promoting in some of the strategic economic sectors.

On Local Constraints of D=4 Supergravity in Terms of Dirac Eigenvalues

It has been recently shown that in order to have Dirac eigenvalues as observables of Euclidean supergravity, certain constraints should be imposed on the covariant phase space as well as on Dirac eigenspinors. We investigate the relationships among the constraints in the first set and argue that these relationships are not linear. We also derive a set of equations expressing the linear dependency of the constraints in order that the second set of constraints be linearly independent.Comment: 7 pages, REVTeX file, to be published in Mod. Phys. Lett.

Labour Market Policy and the Reallocation of Labour Across Sectors

This paper investigates the extent of labour market allocation across broad industrial sectors in the transition of economies of Eastern Europe since 1989. It offers various measures of the magnitude of labour misallocation and of the speed and efficiency of reallocation during the first half of the 1980s. It compares the performance of the economies of Eastern Europe with one another and with two Southern European economies, Greece and Portugal, which have also been experiencing substantial economic change. Contrary to much a pirori theorising, the paper finds no correlation between unemployment and the speed or effectiveness of labour market reallocation. The authors argue that the analysis in the paper strengthens the case for an active as against a passive approach to labour market policy.

Regional structural change and growth in Romania

This paper identifies and explains the impact of increasing economic integration with the European Union on regional structural change and growth in Romania. Using data on imports and exports we first investigate the trade performance patterns between Romania and the European Union in the period 1990-2000. Second, using regional data for the period 1991-1999, we analyse the changes in regional specialisation patterns. Third, we discuss changes in the patterns of location and concentration of industrial activities. Forth, we investigate the relationship between regional specialisation and growth. Next, we look at the role of trade liberalisation in determing regional wage differentials. Finally, based on the results found in the previous sections, this paper predicts the types of likely winning and losing regions in Romania in its economic integration with the European Union.

On Games on Non-Wellfounded Sets and Stationary Sets

In this thesis we study a few games related to non-wellfounded and stationary sets. Games have turned out to be an important tool in mathematical logic ranging from semantic games defining the truth of a sentence in a given logic to for example games on real numbers whose determinacies have important effects on the consistency of certain large cardinal assumptions. The equality of non-wellfounded sets can be determined by a so called bisimulation game already used to identify processes in theoretical computer science and possible world models for modal logic. Here we present a game to classify non-wellfounded sets according to their branching structure. We also study games on stationary sets moving back to classical wellfounded set theory. We also describe a way to approximate non-wellfounded sets with hereditarily finite wellfounded sets. The framework used to do this is domain theory. In the Banach-Mazur game, also called the ideal game, the players play a descending sequence of stationary sets and the second player tries to keep their intersection stationary. The game is connected to precipitousness of the corresponding ideal. In the pressing down game first player plays regressive functions defined on stationary sets and the second player responds with a stationary set where the function is constant trying to keep the intersection stationary. This game has applications in model theory to the determinacy of the Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse game. We show that it is consistent that these games are not equivalent.Väitöskirja kuuluu joukko-opin alaan ja sen lähestymistapa aiheeseen on peliteoreettinen. Tutkimus koostuu kolmesta erillisestä artikkelista. Kaksi ensimmäistä artikkelia käsittelee ei-hyvinperustettujen joukkojen teoriaa. Normaalisti ymmärrettynä joukon alkiot pitää muodostaa ennen kuin niistä voidaan muodostaa itse joukko. Esimerkiksi joukko, joka on itsensä alkio rikkoo tätä käsitystä. Normaalisti joukko-opin perusolettamuksiin kuuluu perustusaksiooma, joka kieltää tällaisten ei-hyvinperustettujen joukkojen olemassaolon. Voidaan kuitenkin osoittaa, että ilman perustusaksioomaa saadaan ristiriidaton joukko-opin teoria. Ei-hyvinnperusteuilla joukoilla voidaan mallintaa monia esimerkiksi tietojenkäsittelytieteessä ja filosofiassa esiintyviä ilmiöitä. Tutkimuksissa kuvataan eräs tapa saada ei-hyvinperustettuja joukkoja aikaiseksi klassisten verkkoihin ja yhtälöihin perustuvien tapojen rinnalle. Lisäksi määritellään peli, jonka avulla ei-hyvinperustun joukon haarautumisrakennetta voidaan kuvata. Toisessa artikkelissa näytetään miten ei-hyvinperustettuja joukkoja voidaan approksimoida hyvin perustettujen joukkojen avulla. Kolmas artikkeli käsittelee ns. stationaaristen joukkojen ominaisuuksia klassisen joukko-opin viitekehyksessä. Artikkelissa kuvataan kaksi erilaista peliä, joista ensimmäinen nk. Banachin-Mazurin peli liittyy suurten äärettömien lukujen ominaisuuksiin. Osoitamme että nämä pelit voidaan tietyissä olosuhteissa erottaa toisistaan

Product Market Regulation in Romania: A Comparison with OECD Countries - Part II

Less restrictive product market policies are crucial in promoting convergence to higher levels of GDP per capita. This paper benchmarks product market policies in Romania to those of OECD countries by estimating OECD indicators of Product Market Regulation (PMR). The PMR indicators allow a comprehensive mapping of policies affecting competition in product markets. Comparison with OECD countries reveals that Romania’s product market policies are less restrictive of competition than most direct comparators from the region and not far from the OECD average. Nonetheless, this achievement should be interpreted in light of the fact that PMR approach measures officially adopted policies. It does not capture implementation and enforcement, the area where future reform efforts should be directed if less restrictive policies are to have an effective impact on long-term growth prospects. Part II: Outward-oriented Policies with some suggestions for the next steps.regulation, product markets, administrative reforms, inward looking policies, outward looking policies

URBAN COMFORT IN BUCHAREST.SOCIAL-ECONOMIC PARAMETERS

The undergoing concerns for local and regional development focus also on the territorial analyses. The local socio-economic analysis is naturally followed by the strategic planning of development during which the local public authorities initiate and organize, locally, the economic development of the respective territorial unit. This article is intended to analyze a concrete case, that of the Capital City of Romania, the Municipality of Bucharest. One of Romania’s objectives is to sensitize and educate the civil society, the private organizations and the public authorities towards understanding and observing the urban landscape. In the spirit of the aspects mentioned above, the authors have presented a case study, at the end of this article, in which the reconsideration of the urban architectural framework matches perfectly with the wish of introducing elements of spatial dynamics and of balance. In this spirit, the over-crowded City of Bucharest, which has a density of 9009 inhabitants/sq.km, will potentially be turned into an oasis of social comfort that will positively influence the urban organism.local economic development, urban comfort, Bucharest

Product market regulation in Romania : a comparison with OECD countries

Less restrictive product market policies are crucial in promoting convergence to higher levels of GDP per capita. This paper benchmarks product market policies in Romania to those of OECD countries by estimating OECD indicators of Product Market Regulation (PMR). The PMR indicators allow a comprehensive mapping of policies affecting competition in product markets. Comparison with OECD countries reveals that Romania's product market policies are less restrictive of competition than most direct comparators from the region and not far from the OECD average. Nonetheless, this achievement should be interpreted in light of the fact that PMR approach measures officially adopted policies. It does not capture implementation and enforcement, the area where future reform efforts should be directed if less restrictive policies are to have an effective impact on long-term growth prospects.Public Sector Regulation,Transport Economics Policy&Planning,E-Business,Emerging Markets,Markets and Market Access

Social Development Aspects by Regional Level in Romania

The economic transition was harmful all over, but even more harmful for Romania's social landscape. The total population decreased by both birth rate and emigration and the work force follows this trend, the remaining people get older and demographic perspectives are even worse for the following decades. The poverty also gets larger and much larger in Romania than elsewhere in Europe and Central and Eastern Europe. Data show differences on regions and district areas, but under such circumstances, the fact that students and persons attending higher education institutions' courses increase their number and ratio in the total population does no longer represent a full social improvement, but this will feed the future emigration from Romania. The healthcare, social insurance, as well as educational and human resource systems are called to act against this situation, and some undertakings are under way.human resources, poverty, emigration, labour market, immigrants, ageing index, activity rate, employment rate, unemployment rate, healthcare system, education system, social insurance.