The use of single-chip computers at primary schools

Katedra informačních technologií a technické výchovyFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

THERMAL COMFORT PROPERTIES OF FUNCTIONAL CLOTHING FOR GOLFERS

41 s. :(40 040 znaků) :il., tab., grafy +CD ROMTématem této bakalářské práce jsou tepelně komfortní vlastnosti sportovního oblečení. Cílem práce je zjistit a vyhodnotit vlastnosti sportovních trikotů pro hru golf. Za pomoci měření na přístrojích PERMETEST a ALAMBETY jsou zjišťovány hodnoty parametrů důležitých pro vyhodnocení tepelně - komfortních vlastností vzorků. Teoretická část práce je zaměřena na použité materiály ve vzorcích a oděvní komfort. V praktické části práce se nachází výsledky měření a následné vyhodnocení vzorků a měřené vlastností poskytnutých vzorků

Doprinos procjeni svojstava toplinske izolacije jednostrukoga i dvostrukog prozora na drvenoj kući

The paper describes the method for the determination and evaluation of thermal insulation properties of various types of windows made from pine wood. The method has been used for a simple and a double window that are parts of a log house in the Czech Republic. Both windows are located in one room. The method for the evaluation of thermal insulation properties consists in determining the boundary conditions of the frame and sash temperature from the interior and exterior. Additionally, the temperature of the window surroundings was measured, at the building envelope. The boundary conditions were measured by different sensors to ensure an accurate setting of the thermographic camera. Based on the values determined, the method calculates the heat transfer coefficient and the temperature factor of the internal surface. Then, the thermal insulation properties of integrated windows can be determined and compared. The priority of this measurement was a basic comparison of thermal insulation properties of two different types of windows located in a log house. This measurement will serve as the basis for a comparison of thermal insulation properties of the same types of windows in different log houses located in regions with different weather conditions. After a comprehensive comparison, based on the results, the right type of window can be recommended with respect to the location of the log house in question.U radu je opisana metoda određivanja i procjene svojstava toplinske izolacije različitih tipova prozora od borovine. Metoda je primijenjena za ispitivanje svojstava jednostrukoga i dvostrukog prozora postavljenih na drvenoj kući u Češkoj Republici. Oba se prozora nalaze na istoj prostoriji. Metoda procjene svojstava toplinske izolacije sastoji se od određivanje graničnih uvjeta prozora i doprozornika s unutarnje i vanjske strane. Usto, izmjerena je temperatura oko prozora u ovojnici kuće. Granični su uvjeti izmjereni različitim senzorima kako bi se osigurala točna postavka termografske kamere. Na temelju utvrđenih vrijednosti uz pomoć spomenute metode izračuna se koeficijent prolaska topline i toplinski faktor unutarnje površine. Nakon toga se mogu odrediti i usporediti svojstva toplinske izolacije ugrađenih prozora. Prioritet ovog mjerenja bila je usporedba svojstava toplinske izolacije dvaju različitih tipova prozora na drvenoj kući. Provedeno će mjerenje poslužiti kao osnova za usporedbu svojstava toplinske izolacije istih tipova prozora na različitim drvenim kućama koje se nalaze na lokacijama s različitim vremenskim uvjetima. Nakon složene usporedbe na temelju rezultata može se preporučiti odgovarajući tip prozora s obzirom na lokaciju drvene kuće

Expression of emotional arousal in two different piglet call types

Humans as well as many animal species reveal their emotional state in their voice. Vocal features show strikingly similar correlation patterns with emotional states across mammalian species, suggesting that the vocal expression of emotion follows highly conserved signalling rules. To fully understand the principles of emotional signalling in mammals it is, however, necessary to also account for any inconsistencies in the way that they are acoustically encoded. Here we investigate whether the expression of emotions differs between call types produced by the same species. We compare the acoustic structure of two common piglet calls—the scream (a distress call) and the grunt (a contact call)—across three levels of arousal in a negative situation. We find that while the central frequency of calls increases with arousal in both call types, the amplitude and tonal quality (harmonic-to-noise ratio) show contrasting patterns: as arousal increased, the intensity also increased in screams, but not in grunts, while the harmonicity increased in screams but decreased in grunts. Our results suggest that the expression of arousal depends on the function and acoustic specificity of the call type. The fact that more vocal features varied with arousal in scream calls than in grunts is consistent with the idea that distress calls have evolved to convey information about emotional arousal

Measuring individual identity information in animal signals: Overview and performance of available identity metrics

Identity signals have been studied for over 50 years but, and somewhat remarkably, there is no consensus as to how to quantify individuality in animal signals. While there is a variety of different metrics to quantify individuality, these methods remain un‐validated and the relationships between them unclear. We contrasted three univariate and four multivariate identity metrics (and their different computational variants) and evaluated their performance on simulated and empirical datasets. Of the metrics examined, Beecher's information statistic (HS) performed closest to theoretical expectations and requirements for an ideal identity metric. It could be also easily and reliably converted into the commonly used discrimination score (and vice versa). Although Beecher's information statistic is not entirely independent of study sampling, this problem can be considerably lessened by reducing the number of parameters or by increasing the number of individuals in the analysis. Because it is easily calculated, has superior performance, can be used to quantify identity information in single variable or in a complete signal and because it indicates the number of individuals who can be discriminated given a set of measurements, we recommend that individuality should be quantified using Beecher's information statistic in future studies. Consistent use of Beecher's information statistic could enable meaningful comparisons and integration of results across different studies of individual identity signals.Grant NCN 2015/19/P/NZ8/0250

Epidemiology and long-term survival of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the Czech Republic: a retrospective analysis of a nationwide registry

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and progressive disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance, ultimately leading to right heart failure and death. Epidemiological data from national registries are growing worldwide, but are still unavailable in Eastern Europe. METHODS: A PAH registry was initiated in January 2007 using a nationwide network of echocardiographic centers and four diagnostic centers that specialize in PAH. All patients aged above 18 years, diagnosed with PAH and monitored between January 2000 and December 2007 were included. Patients diagnosed with PAH between January and December 2007 were classified as incident. The survival analyses were performed up to the end of 2010. Prognostic factors at the time of diagnosis were identified using uni- and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Overall, 191 patients were included (100 prevalent cases, 91 incident cases). Patients were predominantly female (n = 125) and had a mean age of 51.9 ± 16.9 years. Incident patients were significantly older at the time of diagnosis than prevalent patients (p < 0.001). Most patients (60.7%) had idiopathic PAH; 20.4% had PAH associated with congenital heart disease and 11.4% had PAH associated with connective tissue disease. Estimates of prevalence and incidence of PAH in adults were 22.4 cases per million and 10.7 cases per million per year, respectively. The 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates in the incident PAH cohort were 89% (95% confidence intervals [CI] 83–95%), 78% (95% CI 70–87%) and 74% (95% CI 65–83%), respectively. Lower survival rates were significantly associated with higher age (hazard ratio [HR] 6.6 95% CI 1.4–30.9) and lower creatinine clearance (HR 3.3 95% CI 1.1–9.7). CONCLUSION: This is the first study in Eastern Europe to describe the prevalence, incidence and survival of patients with PAH from a national representative registry. This registry from the Czech Republic highlights that diagnosis of PAH is frequently made late in the disease continuum when patients have significant functional impairment

Classification of pig calls produced from birth to slaughter according to their emotional valence and context of production

Vocal expression of emotions has been observed across species and could provide a non-invasive and reliable means to assess animal emotions. We investigated if pig vocal indicators of emotions revealed in previous studies are valid across call types and contexts, and could potentially be used to develop an automated emotion monitoring tool. We performed an analysis of an extensive and unique dataset of low (LF) and high frequency (HF) calls emitted by pigs across numerous commercial contexts from birth to slaughter (7414 calls from 411 pigs). Our results revealed that the valence attributed to the contexts of production (positive versus negative) affected all investigated parameters in both LF and HF. Similarly, the context category affected all parameters. We then tested two different automated methods for call classification; a neural network revealed much higher classification accuracy compared to a permuted discriminant function analysis (pDFA), both for the valence (neural network: 91.5%; pDFA analysis weighted average across LF and HF (cross-classified): 61.7% with a chance level at 50.5%) and context (neural network: 81.5%; pDFA analysis weighted average across LF and HF (cross-classified): 19.4% with a chance level at 14.3%). These results suggest that an automated recognition system can be developed to monitor pig welfare on-farm.publishedVersio

Classification of pig calls produced from birth to slaughter according to their emotional valence and context of production

Vocal expression of emotions has been observed across species and could provide a non-invasive and reliable means to assess animal emotions. We investigated if pig vocal indicators of emotions revealed in previous studies are valid across call types and contexts, and could potentially be used to develop an automated emotion monitoring tool. We performed an analysis of an extensive and unique dataset of low (LF) and high frequency (HF) calls emitted by pigs across numerous commercial contexts from birth to slaughter (7414 calls from 411 pigs). Our results revealed that the valence attributed to the contexts of production (positive versus negative) affected all investigated parameters in both LF and HF. Similarly, the context category affected all parameters. We then tested two different automated methods for call classification; a neural network revealed much higher classification accuracy compared to a permuted discriminant function analysis (pDFA), both for the valence (neural network: 91.5%; pDFA analysis weighted average across LF and HF (cross-classified): 61.7% with a chance level at 50.5%) and context (neural network: 81.5%; pDFA analysis weighted average across LF and HF (cross-classified): 19.4% with a chance level at 14.3%). These results suggest that an automated recognition system can be developed to monitor pig welfare on-farm.publishedVersio

Bioacoustic fundamental frequency estimation: a cross-species dataset and deep learning baseline

The fundamental frequency (F0) is a key parameter for characterising structures in vertebrate vocalisations, for instance defining vocal repertoires and their variations at different biological scales (e.g. population dialects, individual signatures). However, the task is too laborious to perform manually, and its automation is complex. Despite significant advancements in the fields of speech and music for automatic F0 estimation, similar progress in bioacoustics has been limited. To address this gap, we compile and publish a benchmark dataset of over 250,000 calls from 14 taxa, each paired with ground truth F0 values. These vocalisations range from infra-sounds to ultra-sounds, from high to low harmonicity, and some include non-linear phenomena. Testing different algorithms on these signals, we demonstrate the potential of neural networks for F0 estimation, even for taxa not seen in training, or when trained without labels. Also, to inform on the applicability of algorithms to analyse signals, we propose spectral measurements of F0 quality which correlate well with performance. While current performance results are not satisfying for all studied taxa, they suggest that deep learning could bring a more generic and reliable bioacoustic F0 tracker, helping the community to analyse vocalisations via their F0 contours