Live face-to-face interaction during fMRI: A new tool for social cognitive neuroscience

Cooperative social interaction is critical for human social development and learning. Despite the importance of social interaction, previous neuroimaging studies lack two fundamental components of everyday face-to-face interactions: contingent responding and joint attention. In the current studies, functional MRI data were collected while participants interacted with a human experimenter face-to-face via live video feed as they engaged in simple cooperative games. In Experiment 1, participants engaged in a live interaction with the experimenter (“Live”) or watched a video of the same interaction (“Recorded”). During the “Live” interaction, as compared to the Recorded conditions, greater activation was seen in brain regions involved in social cognition and reward, including the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), right superior temporal sulcus (rSTS), ventral striatum, and amygdala. Experiment 2 isolated joint attention, a critical component of social interaction. Participants either followed the gaze of the live experimenter to a shared target of attention (“Joint Attention”) or found the target of attention alone while the experimenter was visible but not sharing attention (“Solo Attention”). The right temporoparietal junction and right posterior STS were differentially recruited during Joint, as compared to Solo, attention. These findings suggest the rpSTS and rTPJ are key regions for both social interaction and joint attention. This method of allowing online, contingent social interactions in the scanner could open up new avenues of research in social cognitive neuroscience, both in typical and atypical populations.Simons FoundationNational Institutes of Health (Postdoctoral National Research Service Award

U.S. IMPORTS OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES UNDER PLANT QUARANTINE REGULATIONS, FISCAL YEAR 1986

U.S imports of most fruits and vegetables are subject to regulations administered by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. This statistical report summarizes imports of over 200 commodities by country of origin and port of entry from October 1, 1985, through September 30, 1986

U.S. Imports of Fruits and Vegetables Under Plant Quarantine Regulations, Fiscal Year 1989

U.S. imports of most fruits and vegetables are subject to regulations administered by the USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. This statistical report summarizes imports of over 200 commodities by country of origin and port of entry from October 1, 1988, through September 30, 1989. Data are incomplete for the ports of JFK Airport, NY, and New York, NY, because some monthly Station Reports were unavailable for those ports

Bibliography of Economic Reports on the Production and Marketing of Fruits and Vegetables, 1976-80

This bibliography lists research publications on the economics of fruits and vegetables from January 1, 1976 to December 31, 1980. References cover various activities: (1) production, yield, and harvest, (2) storage, marketing, packaging, and handling, (3) costs, demand, supply, and utilization, (4) grades, standards, and consumers, (5) interregional competition, (6) projections, forecasts, and outlook, (7) shipments, transportation, and foreign trade, (8) processing, and (9) miscellaneous. References have been compiled from land-grant institutions and from The National Bibliography of Agriculture. An author index is included

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables, Prices and Spreads in Selected Markets, 1975-84

Retail values of fresh fruit and vegetables rose during 1975-84. Growers' and packers' share of consumers expenditures for fresh fruit and vegetables averaged 1 percentage point higher in 1980-84 than in 1975-79. This bulletin is a comprehensive and regional evaluation of the spreads between the prices paid by consumers and those received by producers, with almost 200 tables displaying regional retail values, wholesale and shipping point prices, transportation charges, and market price spreads for 17 fresh fruit and vegetables