Alveolar type 2 cells marker gene SFTPC inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by upregulating SOX7 and suppressing WNT/β-catenin pathway in non-small cell lung cancer

IntroductionSurfactant Protein C gene (SFTPC) is a marker gene of alveolar type 2 cells (AT2), which are the key structures of alveoli. Mutations or deletions in SFTPC cause idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Importantly, IPF is an independent risk factor for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It suggests that abnormal expression of SFTPC may be relevant to development of NSCLC. However, the function and mechanism of SFTPC in NSCLC are still poor understood until now.MethodsThe expression of SFTPC and the relationship between SFTPC and prognosis of NSCLC were analyzed in TCGA database and our collected clinical NSCLC tissues. Subsequently, the function and mechanism of SFTPC in NSCLC were explored by RNA-sequence, qRT-PCR, Western blot, Immunohistochemical, Wound-healing, Millicell, Transwell assays and mouse tumor xenograft model.ResultsSFTPC was dramatically downregulated in NSCLC tissues from TCGA database and 40 out of 46 collected clinical LUAD tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. Low expression of SFTPC was associated with poor prognosis of LUAD by TCGA database. Importantly, we confirmed that overexpression of SFTPC significantly inhibited Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) process of NSCLC cells by upregulating SOX7 and then inactivating WNT/β-catenin pathway in vitro and in vivo. Particularly, we discovered that low expression of SFTPC was associated with EMT process and low expression of SOX7 in NSCLC tissues.ConclusionOur study revealed a novel mechanism of SFTPC in NSCLC development. Meanwhile, it also might provide a new clue for exploring the molecular mechanism about NSCLC development in patients with IPF in the future

Versatile Method of Engineering the Band Alignment and the Electron Wavefunction Hybridization of Hybrid Quantum Devices

Hybrid devices that combine superconductors (S) and semiconductors (Sm) have attracted great attention due to the integration of the properties of both materials, which relies on the interface details and the resulting coupling strength and wavefunction hybridization. However, until now, none of the experiments have reported good control of the band alignment of the interface, as well as its tunability to the coupling and hybridization. Here, the interface is modified by inducing specific argon milling while maintaining its high quality, e.g., atomic connection, which results in a large induced superconducting gap and ballistic transport. By comparing with Schrödinger–Poisson calculations, it is proven that this method can vary the band bending/coupling strength and the electronic spatial distribution. In the strong coupling regime, the coexistence and tunability of crossed Andreev reflection and elastic co-tunneling—key ingredients for the Kitaev chain—are confirmed. This method is also generic for other materials and achieves a hard and huge superconducting gap in lead and indium antimonide nanowire (Pb-InSb) devices. Such a versatile method, compatible with the standard fabrication process and accompanied by the well-controlled modification of the interface, will definitely boost the creation of more sophisticated hybrid devices for exploring physics in solid-state systems.</p

中国と日本の大学生の対人関係における自己開示のあり方に関する比較研究

The present cross-cultural study investigated the influence of appropriateness/inappropriateness of self-disclosure motives and self-disclosure method in interpersonal stress of Chinese Japanese university students using multiple regression analysis. Additionally, it examined the adequacy of application of self-disclosure motive standard (Koguti, 1990), the self-disclosure method-appropriateness/inappropriateness standard (Moriwaki et al, 2002) to Chinese and Japanese university students. The results showed there are differences in factor structure and contents in the two standards, and also, differences between Chinese and Japanese university students were found. In addition, the result suggested that self-disclosure motive and inappropriate self- disclosure were related to higher interpersonal stress in both Chinese and Japanese university students

Risk prediction of interest rate futures based on machine learning scenarios

The interest rate futures market is a significant part of the financial market. It has a crucial impact on forecast the interest rate risk in global financial markets, which due to the complexity of financial markets and the volatility of interest rate futures. Based on machine learning scenarios to analyse and compare different algorithms, this paper analyses and forecast 2-year Treasury futures for the period 2022.6-2023.6 through regressions and other methods. Meanwhile, it is applied to construct charts and graphs to better compare and analyse models that are more suitable for forecasting future risk in interest rate futures. National policies, the volatility of the general market environment and its smoothness are utilized as the main factors to forecast its risk fluctuations. The main algorithms this paper use are: random forest regression, ARIMA model, BP Neural Network regression model, ARCH model (model validity test), GARCH model. In conclusion, though the predicted results of the random forest and ARIMA models exhibit a close to 0 and have strong stability, the predicted results of the GARCH are relatively better, none of them achieve the desired prediction performance

Transfer of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues during Household and Industrial Processing of Ginseng

Ginseng is an important traditional herbal medicine; however, ginseng root may contain pesticide residues that may cause adverse health effects to consumers. Generally, people are more inclined to take the household- or industrial-processed ginseng products, instead of eating them directly. To investigate the intake of pesticides along with ginseng more specifically, we simulated two household processing methods (boiling and brewing) and two industrial processing methods (ethanol refluxing and boiling combined with resin purification) and then calculated the transfer rates of five organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues in ginseng. The determination of targeted pesticide residues in ginseng was done by gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD), and the confirmation was done by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS). The transfer rates of five OCPs during boiling, brewing, ethanol refluxing, and boiling combined with resin purification were 3.44%–34.43%, 1.47%–38.12%, 34.81%–57.0%, and 0–2.91%, respectively. The transfer rates of the OCPs in water extraction (boiling and brewing) were relatively low and would not increase significantly along with two hours of boiling. The OCPs were concentrated during the ethanol refluxing procedure because of the high transfer rates of the OCPs and the reduction of the weight of products. The boiling combined with resin purification method removed the OCPs most effectively. Different ginseng processing methods resulted in variable transfer rates of pesticides, as well as a diverse exposure risk of pesticides to humans. Consequently, it is necessary to concern about the transfer rates of pesticide residues during ginseng processing

Transfer of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues during Household and Industrial Processing of Ginseng

Ginseng is an important traditional herbal medicine; however, ginseng root may contain pesticide residues that may cause adverse health effects to consumers. Generally, people are more inclined to take the household- or industrial-processed ginseng products, instead of eating them directly. To investigate the intake of pesticides along with ginseng more specifically, we simulated two household processing methods (boiling and brewing) and two industrial processing methods (ethanol refluxing and boiling combined with resin purification) and then calculated the transfer rates of five organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues in ginseng. The determination of targeted pesticide residues in ginseng was done by gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD), and the confirmation was done by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS). The transfer rates of five OCPs during boiling, brewing, ethanol refluxing, and boiling combined with resin purification were 3.44%–34.43%, 1.47%–38.12%, 34.81%–57.0%, and 0–2.91%, respectively. The transfer rates of the OCPs in water extraction (boiling and brewing) were relatively low and would not increase significantly along with two hours of boiling. The OCPs were concentrated during the ethanol refluxing procedure because of the high transfer rates of the OCPs and the reduction of the weight of products. The boiling combined with resin purification method removed the OCPs most effectively. Different ginseng processing methods resulted in variable transfer rates of pesticides, as well as a diverse exposure risk of pesticides to humans. Consequently, it is necessary to concern about the transfer rates of pesticide residues during ginseng processing.</jats:p

Amorphous self-lubricant MoS2-C sputtered coating with high hardness

MoS2-C coatings with various carbon contents were deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering. Carbon concentration (from 40.9 at.% to 73.1 at.%) within the coatings was controlled by varying the number of MoS2 plates bonded to the carbon targets. Ti interlayer fabricated by a hybrid high power impulse magnetron sputtering was used to obtain excellent adhesion. By sputtering the composite target, the deposited coatings exhibited a typical amorphous structure feature which contributed to the high hardness of the coatings. Meanwhile, the friction coefficient of the composite coating was lower than 0.1 in the ambient air and exhibited high wear resistance. Furthermore, the composite coatings exhibited an increasing hardness (from 7.0 to 10.8 GPa) with increasing carbon content. (C)) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved