Constitutional Law—Eminent Domain—Just Compensation for a Lessee\u27s Renewal Expectation—Almota Farmers Elevator & Warehouse Co. v. United States, 409 U.S. 470 (1973)

The district court accepted Almota\u27s theory of valuation, but was reversed by the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. The Supreme Court reinstated the district court\u27s judgment. Held: Just compensation for a leasehold bearing improvements owned by the lessee is measured by what a willing buyer would pay to a willing seller for the leasehold, taking into account the possibility of renewal. Almota Farmers Elevator & Warehouse Co. v. United States, 409 U.S. 470 (1973)

A Jurisdictional Basis of Nonstatutory Judicial Review in Suits Against Federal Officers—Jurisdictional Amount, the Administrative Procedure Act and Mandamus

This comment examines the possible sources of subject matter jurisdiction for the federal district courts in nonstatutory judicial review suits. Specifically, the comment will explore the limits of the general federal question jurisdiction provision of 28 U.S.C. § 1331 (Section 1331) and then focus on the mounting confusion and conflict among the circuits as to the jurisdictional nature of the judicial review provisions of the APA. The proper scope of review under the 1962 mandamus statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1361 (Section 1361), will also be scrutinized. The comment concludes that despite the growing acceptance of the APA as an independent grant of jurisdiction, the APA should not be so construed. Rather, the proper course is for the federal courts to continue to develop a rational law of mandamus as a legitimate means of providing judicial review of federal agency action

Environmental variables affecting small‐scale distributions of five rotifer species in Lancaster Lake, Michigan

The small‐scale distributions of the rotifers Polyarthra vulgaris, Synchaeta stylata, Conochilus unicornis, Hexarthra mira , and Asplanchna priodonta were investigated in Lancaster Lake, Cheboygan County, Michigan, July 21, 1974. Measurements were taken for 13 depths (at 1‐m intervals) and at 4 times of the day (1:00 AM, 7:00 AM, 1:00 PM, and 7:00 PM). In addition, the abundances of 6 crustacean, 2 planktonic dipteran, and 10 algal species, as well as temperature, light, oxygen, chlorophyll a , alkalinity, pH and free carbon dioxide were measured. Whereas abiotic factors appeared to control large scale occupation of the lake, and excluded most species from the deeper portions of the hypolimnion, small‐scale distributional variation of the rotifers depended upon biotic interactions, particularly with the crustacean zooplankton.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90242/1/3510620404_ftp.pd

Mountain midges (Deuterophlebiidae)

10 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.Includes bibliographical references (p. 10)

Imago of mountain midge

11 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.Includes bibliographical references (p. 11)

The acute toxicity of copper to Gammarus fasciatus say, a freshwater amphipod

Gammarus fasclatus could, and possible should, be used as the experimental organism in conjunction with other organisms being used in laboratory bioassays.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47981/1/128_2005_Article_BF01685414.pd

How do stream organisms respond to, and influence, the concentration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles? A mesocosm study with algae and herbivores

The biologically active properties of many nanomaterials, coupled with their rapidly expanding production and use, has generated concern that certain types of nanoparticles could have unintended impacts when released into natural ecosystems. In the present study, the authors report the results of an experiment in which they grew three common species of stream algae as monocultures and together as polycultures in the biofilms of stream mesocosms that were exposed to 0, 0.1, or 1.0 ppm nanoparticle titanium dioxide (nTiO 2 ). The nTiO 2 did not alter the growth trajectory of any algal biofilm over 10+ generations. However, Ti accrual in biofilms not only differed among the algal species but was also higher in polycultures than in the average monoculture. Variation in accrual among species compositions was readily predicted by differences in the total biomass achieved by the different biofilms. When biofilms were fed to the herbivorous snail Physa acuta at the end of the experiment, initial concentrations of nTiO 2 did not alter short‐term rates of herbivory. However, because of differences in palatability among the algae, biofilm composition influenced the amount of nTiO 2 that accumulated in the herbivore tissue. The results have important implications for understanding how efficiently nTiO 2 is removed from surface waters and the potential transfer of nanomaterials to higher trophic levels. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 2414–2422. © 2012 SETACPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/93650/1/1962_ftp.pd