Determination of Safe Guidelines for One-Hand Lifting

The broad aim of this research is to better understand the effect asymmetric lifting has on the low back and trunk muscles. Collecting anthropometric, muscle and lever arm information at the L-3 region of the back, muscle activity, and body position data it is anticipated that: (1) A biomechanically based model that can estimate the relative muscle contribution of each low back and trunk muscle during one-handed and asymmetric two-handed lifting activities can be developed; (2) A regression model that can estimate muscle size and mechanical lever arm lengths using easy to measure anthropometric measures such as height, weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI) can be developed; and (3) the "benefit" one could expect in reduction of back compressive forces when laterally lifting with two hands vs. one hand can be estimated. Ideally, this data can act as a basis for creating one-hand lift guidance to existing two-hand lift standards

The Sunk Costs of Cybersecurity Testing: Who Bears Responsibility?

This paper intends to bring further clarity regarding the role of the auditor when there is a consideration of a cybersecurity. It seems there is an expectation gap between what the public expects and what the auditor role is, and that cybersecurity testing requires additional skills and efforts. Are auditors currently compensated for the cybersecurity testing? Do they want the scope of the audit to expand to include cybersecurity assessment? Will this lack of clarity impact the corporate governance model that is based on transparency and monitoring? There is limited data available regarding cybersecurity audits and whether such audits lower the threat of cybersecurity. Our analysis suggests that auditors should not have direct responsibility for testing the cybersecurity of a client, rather direct testing should be accomplished by a third party, primarily an auditor specialist. Also, it is time to expect the auditor to become familiar with general cybersecurity skills and standards

Pharmacokinetic drug interactions of antimicrobial drugs:a systematic review on oxazolidinones, rifamycines, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and Beta-lactams

Like any other drug, antimicrobial drugs are prone to pharmacokinetic drug interactions. These drug interactions are a major concern in clinical practice as they may have an effect on efficacy and toxicity. This article provides an overview of all published pharmacokinetic studies on drug interactions of the commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs oxazolidinones, rifamycines, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and beta-lactams, focusing on systematic research. We describe drug-food and drug-drug interaction studies in humans, affecting antimicrobial drugs as well as concomitantly administered drugs. Since knowledge about mechanisms is of paramount importance for adequate management of drug interactions, the most plausible underlying mechanism of the drug interaction is provided when available. This overview can be used in daily practice to support the management of pharmacokinetic drug interactions of antimicrobial drugs