Efeito do aquecimento e resfriamento de pisos no desempenho de matrizes e leitões

O ambiente da criação intensiva de suínos influencia diretamente as condições de conforto e bem-estar animal; ambiente estressante provoca várias respostas, dependendo da capacidade de adaptação do animal, e as instalações têm como finalidade minimizar esses problemas. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o comportamento fisiológico e os índices zootécnicos das matrizes e dos leitões, com a utilização dos sistemas de aquecimento e resfriamento do piso. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, no esquema fatorial em parcelas subdivididas, com cinco repetições para os tratamentos: piso aquecido para os leitões e resfriado para as matrizes (PCARA), piso sem aquecimento para os leitões e resfriado para as matrizes (PRCA) e piso sem modificação (PSMCA). Foram avaliados os parâmetros térmicos e fisiológicos das matrizes dos tratamentos PRCA e PCARA. O tratamento PRCA apresentou o melhor resultado, proporcionando maior conforto térmico para os animais, que atingiram em média um ganho 233 gramas por dia

Multilocus Sequence Typing Reveals Extensive Genetic Diversity of the Emerging Fungal Pathogen Scedosporium aurantiacum.

Scedosporium spp. are the second most prevalent filamentous fungi after Aspergillus spp. recovered from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients in various regions of the world. Although invasive infection is uncommon prior to lung transplantation, fungal colonization may be a risk factor for invasive disease with attendant high mortality post-transplantation. Abundant in the environment, Scedosporium aurantiacum has emerged as an important fungal pathogen in a range of clinical settings. To investigate the population genetic structure of S. aurantiacum, a MultiLocus Sequence Typing (MLST) scheme was developed, screening 24 genetic loci for polymorphisms on a tester strain set. The six most polymorphic loci were selected to form the S. aurantiacum MLST scheme: actin (ACT), calmodulin (CAL), elongation factor-1α (EF1α), RNA polymerase subunit II (RPB2), manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), and β-tubulin (TUB). Among 188 global clinical, veterinary, and environmental strains, 5 to 18 variable sites per locus were revealed, resulting in 8 to 23 alleles per locus. MLST analysis observed a markedly high genetic diversity, reflected by 159 unique sequence types. Network analysis revealed a separation between Australian and non-Australian strains. Phylogenetic analysis showed two major clusters, indicating correlation with geographic origin. Linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed evidence of recombination. There was no clustering according to the source of the strains: clinical, veterinary, or environmental. The high diversity, especially amongst the Australian strains, suggests that S. aurantiacum may have originated within the Australian continent and was subsequently dispersed to other regions, as shown by the close phylogenetic relationships between some of the Australian sequence types and those found in other parts of the world. The MLST data are accessible at http://mlst.mycologylab.org. This is a joined publication of the ISHAM/ECMM working groups on "Scedosporium/Pseudallescheria Infections" and "Fungal Respiratory Infections in Cystic Fibrosis"

Effect of phytase in laying hen diets with different phosphorus sources

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of the enzyme phytase in diets formulated with different phosphorus sources on performance, eggshell quality and excretion of commercial laying hens. Two hundred and eighty-eight commercial Hyssex Brown laying hens were evaluated during two production phases, which included eight twenty-eight-day cycles, using a completely randomized design in a 3x2 factorial with six replicates of eight birds per treatment. Three phosphorus sources (calcium and sodium phosphate, micro-granulated dicalcium phosphate and triple super phosphate) and two phytase levels (0 or 1000 FTU/kg diet) were tested in the composition of the diets. After the post-peak period, triple super phosphate decreased bird performance and eggshell quality. It was possible to reduce the levels of phosphorus supplementation when phytase was added to the diet. Besides, phytase supplementation reduced phosphorus, calcium and nitrogen excretions, but affected mean egg weight at production peak

Genuine antiplasticizing effect of water on a glass-former drug

Water is the most important plasticizer of biological and organic hydrophilic materials, which generally exhibit enhanced mechanical softness and molecular mobility upon hydration. The enhancement of the molecular dynamics upon mixing with water, which in glass-forming systems implies a lower glass transition temperature (T g ), is considered a universal result of hydration. In fact, even in the cases where hydration or humidification of an organic glass-forming sample result in stiffer mechanical properties, the molecular mobility of the sample almost always increases with increasing water content, and its T g decreases correspondingly. Here, we present an experimental report of a genuine antiplasticizing effect of water on the molecular dynamics of a small-molecule glass former. In detail, we show that addition of water to prilocaine, an active pharmaceutical ingredient, has the same effect as that of an applied pressure, namely, a decrease in mobility and an increase of T g . We assign the antiplasticizing effect to the formation of prilocaine-H2O dimers or complexes with enhanced hydrogen bonding interactions.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Quality management as a driver of innovation in the service industry

[EN] This study identifies the combination of factors that lead to quality management reinforcing innovation capability as an organization's strength. The results from 133 Spanish service organizations show that competitive strategy, manager's motivation to adopt quality management, and customer orientation are the key factors that explain the presence of innovation capability as a firm's strength. As some pioneering research points out, the impact of quality management on innovation depends mainly on managers' interpretation of this management philosophy. When quality management focuses on discovering new customer needs and even new markets, it contributes to strengthen the organization's innovation capability.González-Cruz, TF.; Roig-Tierno, N.; Botella-Carrubi, D. (2018). Quality management as a driver of innovation in the service industry. Service Business. 12(3):505-524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-017-0360-750552412