SOCTESQA - Solid Oxide Cell and Stack Testing, Safety and Quality Assurance

Many research facilities and industrial companies worldwide are engaged in the development and the improvement of solid oxide fuel cells/stacks (SOFC) and also of solid oxide electrolysis cells/stacks (SOEC). However, the successful application of fuel and electrolysis cells/stacks in real world conditions requires reliable assessment, testing and prediction of performance and durability. Therefore the EU-project SOCTESQA will start at the beginning of May with the aim to develop uniform and industry wide test procedures and protocols for SOC cell/stack assembly. The paper presents the main objectives, the project consortium, the structure, the work packages and the workflow plan of the project. The project builds on experiences gained in the FCTESTNET, FCTESQA series of projects taking up the methodology developed there. It will address new application fields which are based on the operation of the SOFC cell/stack assembly in the fuel cell and in the electrolysis mode, e.g. stationary SOFC μ-CHP, mobile SOFC APU and SOFC/SOEC power-to-gas systems. The test procedures will include current-voltage curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and long term tests both under steady state and dynamic operating conditions. The project partners are from different countries in Europe: French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Joint Research Centre – European Commission (JRC) from Belgium, European Institute for Energy Research (EIFER) from Germany and German Aerospace Center (DLR). All of them have long-term experience in the development, testing and harmonization of solid oxide cells/stacks. The project will have a clear structure based on an initial definition phase, the development of generic test modules, the corresponding experimental validation phases and the review of the test procedures. Several of these validation loops will result at the end of the project in final test modules, which will be confirmed by round robin tests. Moreover, the project will address safety aspects, liaise with standardization organizations and establish contact with industrial practice. This collaborative project will essentially help to accelerate the development and the market penetration of hydrogen and fuel cell (H2&FC) energy systems in Europe

Imágenes en arte y publicidad

This text applies Aby Warburg’s method of image analysis to art and advertising. Considered by some as the founder of modern iconology, he crossed disciplinary boundaries to find new ways for understanding images. His method is relevant for the study of mass media, because it accounts for yuxtapositions of dynamic elements in tension. An example from contemporary advertising is chosen here to apply his method and think about its theoretical, methodological and epistemic implications.Este texto aborda el análisis sobre las imágenes en el arte y la publicidad aplicando el método de Aby Warburg, quien a fines del siglo XIX rebasó fronteras disciplinarias y replanteó el camino para comprenderlas. Su método ha sido de utilidad para el análisis de los medios de comunicación visual, pues da cuenta de la yuxtaposición de elementos en tensión que las imágenes convocan. Propone una fórmula emotiva como herramienta conceptual y dispositivo mnemotécnico, superando los estudios que abordan las imágenes como totalidades cerradas en tiempo y espacio. En este texto se aplica su método a una imagen publicitaria contemporánea y se analiza su potencial teórico, metodológico y epistémico

Minnesota Legislature requesting Mr. Leander F. Thunton\u27s certificate of inscription

https://digitalmaine.com/arc_me_militia/1004/thumbnail.jp

Andrés Manuel López Obrador: estrategias comunicativas y culto a la personalidad

As one of the most complex phenomena of political communication in the XX and XXI centuries, this text seeks to understand the communication strategies and cult of personality of Mexican president Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO), a political leader with great communication skills, which act as a collective identification force, appealing to emotions and affection which rest at the core of political culture, with the ability to reach wide sectors of the population who feel excluded from modernization.Con la finalidad de examinar uno de los fenómenos más complejos de la comunicación política a lo largo de los siglos XX y XXI, este texto aporta elementos para comprender las estrategias comunicativas y el culto a la personalidad del presidente de México, Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO). Se exploran las estrategias comunicativas y algunos rasgos de su personalidad que actúan como fuerza de identificación colectiva e impulsan un tipo de liderazgo, que apela a las emociones y al afecto y que anidan en el corazón de la cultura política, abarcando amplios sectores de la población que se siente agraviada, resentida y excluida de la modernización

Género y tiempo libre

Para consultar el libro dar clic en URIVoy atrapando tiemposEl texto presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre tiempo libre en la Ciudad de México, que parte de la observación sistemática de la temporalidad como dimensión para buscar diferencias, semejanzas y asimetrías entre géneros.Rastrea aquella temporalidad socialmente construida que se encuentra fuera de las tareas obligatorias y que los estudios convencionales llaman tiempo libre, categoría organizativa que supone tiempos liberados y tiempos que no lo son en oposición binaria. El análisis demuestra que esta dicotomía no existe en el caso de las mujeres bajo estudio y revela en su lugar la complejidad en el conjunto de combinaciones de uso y percepción del tiempo desplegado en categorías analíticas que aporta el registro de diversas prácticas de género

D.7.4 Project Outcome Workshop

To disseminate the results generated by the project and to raise awareness of the needs for standardization for SOC testing and industrialization, the final outcome workshop was organized in the form of a booth at the Hannover Fair (“Hannover Messe”). The test modules were presented, the process followed to arrive at validated procedures and the context in which the protocols operate. Many stakeholders were interviewed, yielding a wide variety of inputs and interpretations. Two oral presentations were given at the Technical Forum in addition to 5-day presence at the booth and promotion of the “SOCTESQA” outcome during all byside events

Impedance-based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell testing as scalable and reliable Quality Control tool for cell and batch manufacturing: first findings

Testing is a necessary step in the manufacturing process of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) to assess the performance of the produced cells before on-field deployment. In this work, the implementation of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and subsequent data elaboration via Equivalent Circuit Modelling (ECM) is evaluated as a viable experimental framework for characterization and Quality Control (QC) of cells or cell batches, complemented to standard polarization-based methods. By performing a statistical analysis of the ECM parameters (representative of each physico-chemical process) the cell and batch operational parameters can be determined and compared. The validity of the proposed methodology is assessed using a wide experimental dataset of a significant number of SOFC samples (20 cells from 3 batches - two of which identical and the third with an intentional modification in the manufacturing process in order to validate the proposed methodology) tested in identical conditions. Results show that the impedance-based method provide detailed information in terms of impedance breakdown (anode gas diffusion process resulting the main criticality), as well as confirming the preliminary results obtained from the polarization approach (Batch#2 showing the lowest total performance and highest uniformity). Highly reproducible intra-batch distributions of the ECM parameters encourage the applicability of such methodology for QC purposes, even with few data collected only in Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) conditions. A relevant deviation of charge transfer and diffusion resistances in Batch#3 respect to other batches is observed (not visible from the polarization curves), which is reconducted to the modified anode functional layer, opening potential applications of the proposed methodology to assess the impact of targeted modifications of manufacturing methods on specific cell electrochemical performances