French Translation and Validation of Three Scales Evaluating Stigma in Mental Health

Objective: The concept of stigma refers to problems of knowledge (ignorance), attitudes (prejudice) and behavior (discrimination). Stigma may hinder access to care, housing and work. In the context of implementation of programs such as “housing first” or “individual placement and support” in French speaking regions, validated instruments measuring stigma are necessary. “Attitudes to Mental Illness 2011” is a questionnaire that includes three scales measuring stigma through these three dimensions. This study aimed to translate, adapt and validate these three scales in French. Methods: The “Attitudes to Mental Illness 2011” questionnaire was translated into French and back-translated into English by an expert. Two hundred and sixty-eight nursing students completed the questionnaire. Content validity, face validity, internal validity and convergent validity were assessed. Long-term reliability was also estimated over a three-month period. Results: Experts and participants found that the questionnaire’s content validity and face validity were appropriate. The internal validities of the three scales were also considered adequate. Convergent validity indicated that the scales did indeed measure what they were supposed to. Long-term stability estimates were moderate; this pattern of results suggested that the construct targeted by the three scales is adequately measured but does not necessarily represent stable and enduring traits. Conclusions: Because of their good psychometric properties, these three scales can be used in French, either separately, to measure one specific dimension of stigma, or together, to assess stigma in its three dimensions. This would seem of paramount importance in evaluating campaigns against stigma since it allows measures to be adapted according to campaign goals and the target population

Validation of the French Version of the Experiences in Close Relationships– Revised (ECR-R) Adult Romantic Attachment Questionnaire

This study aimed to validate the French version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) adult attachment questionnaire by investigating its internal structure and construct validity. The sample (N = 600) consisted of an equal number of male and female participants aged 25-45 years. Variables linked to adult romantic attachment (marital satisfaction, sexual satisfaction and fears associated with sexual activities, and self-esteem) were assessed using a set of questionnaires. The reliability of the two attachment dimensions (viz., avoidance and anxiety) was satisfactory. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the original two-factor model explained the data collected with the French ECR-R most satisfactorily. The assessment of measurement invariance showed that the structure is the same across the original U. S. sample and our sample, across men and women, and across single individuals and those in a couple relationship. Our evaluation of construct validity showed that the higher avoidance and anxiety, the lower self-esteem and sexual satisfaction and the higher the fears associated with sexuality. These results are theoretically coherent and consistent with those of previous studies of the English version of the scale. We conclude that the French version is valid

Confirmatory factor analysis of the French version of the Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale

The Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale (ACIPS), a measure specifically designed to assess hedonic capacity for social and interpersonal pleasure, was used to evaluate the presence of social anhedonia in patients as well as the general population. The first goal of this study was to validate the structure of the French version of the ACIPS. The second objective was to verify whether a one, two or three factor solution is most appropriate for the ACIPS scale. The French version of the ACIPS was tested on 263 French-speaking pre-graduate students or professional volunteers. For the confirmatory factor analysis, data were treated as categorical ordinal and all the models were estimated using a robust weighted least squares estimator with adjustments for the mean and variance. Three models were estimated. A one-factor model representing a general undifferentiated “pleasure” latent construct was first tested on the 17 ACIPS items. A two-factor model distinguishing anticipatory-pleasure and consummatory-pleasure was tested next. Finally, a three-factor model including intimate social interactions, group social interactions and social bonding was tested. The one and two-factor models showed a somewhat poor fit to the data. However, the goodness of fit of the three factor model was adequate. These results suggest that individuals who enjoyed interaction in one of these three sub domains were more likely to enjoy doing so in the two other domains. However, on the basis of the comparison between the one and three factor models, these three types interactions may not be considered as indistinguishable. Rather, they represent distinct and theoretically meaningful dimensions. These results show the French version of the ACIPS is a useful and valid scale to measure the capacity of savoring different kinds of social relationships

TradEuras – La qualité pour une agence de traduction suisse

TradEuras a élaboré une charte de qualité, dont les deux principaux axes sont : La qualification et l’expérience des traducteurs, qui sont tous diplômés de cette profession et ont tous une grande pratique dans leur propre pays. Il est inutile de spécifier que ces derniers ne travaillent que vers leur langue maternelle. La relecture des textes par des spécialistes des domaines des textes traduits ainsi que par des philologues professionnels de ces mêmes langues. Ces deux axes sont articulés da..

Latent class analysis of the health of the nation outcome scales::A comparison of Swiss and English profiles and exploration of their predictive utility

The Health of the nation outcome scales (HoNOS) [1] were designed to measure the health and social functioning of adults with severe mental health problems. They form part of the English mental health minimum data set and are recommended by the department of health and are part of the attempt to develop “payment by results” (PbR) for mental health [2]. They are also widely used in Australia, New Zealand and Canada [3, 4], and have also been used in Europe [5]. Although they are widely used there are still questions about their psychometric validity and their ability to predict anything useful.</jats:p

Statistical implication analysis: a novel approach to understand the reciprocal relationships between outcomes in early psychosis

Patients can respond differently to intervention in the early phase of psychosis. Diverse symptomatic and functional outcomes can be distinguished and achieving one outcome may mean achieving another, but not necessarily the other way round, which is difficult to disentangle with cross-sectional data. The present study's goal was to evaluate implicative relationships between diverse functional outcomes to better understand their reciprocal dependencies in a cross-sectional design, by using statistical implication analysis (SIA). Early psychosis patients of an early intervention program were evaluated for different outcomes (symptomatic response, functional recovery, and working/living independently) after 36 months of treatment. To determine which positive outcomes implied other positive outcomes, SIA was conducted by using the Iota statistical implication index, a newly developed approach allowing to measure asymmetrical bidirectional relationships between outcomes. Two hundred and nineteen recent onset patients with early psychosis were assessed. Results at the end of the three-years in TIPP showed that working independently statistically implied achieving all other outcomes. Symptomatic and functional recovery reciprocally implied one another. Living independently weakly implied symptomatic and functional recovery and did not imply independent working. The concept of implication is an interesting way of evaluating dependencies between outcomes as it allows us to overcome the tendency to presume symmetrical relationships between them. We argue that a better understanding of reciprocal dependencies within psychopathology can provide an impetus to tailormade treatments and SIA is a useful tool to address this issue in cross-sectional designs

Risk and protective factors for recovery at 3-year follow-up after first-episode psychosis onset: a multivariate outcome approach

[Purpose] Recovery in people with first-episode psychosis (FEP) remains a major issue. When risk factors are studied in relation to the disorder, potential protective factors should also be considered since they can modulate this relationship. This study is aimed at exploring which premorbid and baseline characteristics are associated with a good and poor global recovery in patients with FEP at 3-year follow-up.[Methods] We categorized patients’ outcome by using a Latent Class Analysis (LCA) considering a multimodal set of symptomatic and functional outcomes. A Mixed effects Models Repeated Measures analysis of variance (MMRM) was used to highlight group differences over time on symptomatic and functional outcomes assessed during the 3-year follow-up.[Results] A total of 325 patients with FEP aged between 18 and 35 years were included. Two groups were identified. A total of 187 patients (57.5%) did not achieve recovery, and 138 patients (42.5%) achieved recovery. Recovered patients had generally a better premorbid and baseline profile in comparison with non-recovered patients (as among which shorter duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), higher degree of insight, better functional level and lower illness severity at baseline). The trajectories for the psychopathological and functional outcomes over 36 months differed between the non-recovered and the recovered group of patients.[Conclusions] Our results pointed to some variables associated with recovery, acting as potential protective factors. These should be considered for early intervention programs to promote psychological resilience specifically in those with a worse prognosis in order to mitigate the effects of the variables that make them more vulnerable to poorer outcome.This work was supported by the Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) co-financed by the European Social Fund (ESF) [predoctoral grant number 2022 FI_B2 00047, given to CSA]. Also, by the Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut of the Universitat de Barcelona (UB) through the program “Ajuts per a estades de recerca a l'estranger per a fomentar la menció de Doctor Internacional durant els curs 2022–2023” for predoctoral students of the Programa de Doctorat de Medicina i Recerca Translacional [given to the first author].Peer reviewe

Evolution of impulsivity levels in relation to early cannabis use in violent patients in the early phase of psychosis

Background Prevention of violent behaviors (VB) in the early phase of psychosis (EPP) is a real challenge. Impulsivity was shown to be strongly related to VB, and different evolutions of impulsivity were noticed along treatments. One possible variable involved in the relationship between VB and the evolution of impulsivity is cannabis use (CU). The high prevalence of CU in EPP and its relationship with VB led us to investigate: 1/the impact of CU and 2/the impact of early CU on the evolution of impulsivity levels during a 3-year program, in violent and non-violent EPP patients. Methods 178 non-violent and 62 violent patients (VPs) were followed-up over a 3 year period. Age of onset of CU was assessed at program entry and impulsivity was assessed seven times during the program. The evolution of impulsivity level during the program, as a function of the violent and non-violent groups of patients and CU precocity were analyzed with linear mixed-effects models. Results Over the treatment period, impulsivity level did not evolve as a function of the interaction between group and CU (coef. = 0.02, p = 0.425). However, when including precocity of CU, impulsivity was shown to increase significantly only in VPs who start consuming before 15 years of age (coef. = 0.06, p = 0.008). Conclusion The precocity of CU in VPs seems to be a key variable of the negative evolution of impulsivity during follow-up and should be closely monitored in EPP patients entering care since they have a higher risk of showing VB